Armenian yemamongi Surb Khách: tsananguro, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Monuments muchechi Armenian mapurani, kuti wemamongi Surb Khách (Old Crimea), kusiyaniswa chaiwo sezvamunoita uye nemamwe manyorerwo. Buildings rekare nguva haisi zvikuru kukosha uye dzinonakidza kuchava kushanya kune wemamongi. Mikoko shure remakore rechi14, uye zvinoratidza yakajeka zviri zvetsika Armenian mapurani.

kuvaka History

Muzana 12-13 remakore, ane simba yekare mamiriro Armenia kuri kuderera nekuda kuramba kurwiswa yavatorwa, uye izvi zvinotungamirira hombe hwevanhu yokutama uye kufambiswa Armenian tsika kune dzimwe nzvimbo. A guru boka vokuArmenia vakatamira Crimea, apo panguva iyoyo mitemo Republic of kuGenoa, inova imwe mishoni ayo vaiona kupararira dzeRoma. Armenian Christian misha iri chiratidzo yakanyarara odzokera Crimean nemishonga, uye saka pane kuwedzera vakirisito dzemamongi itsva. Wemamongi Surb Khách muCrimea rakaumbwa muna 1358. Akashanda kwokupotera uye muzinda zvokunamata nokuti vokuArmenia akasiya nyika yokumusha kwavo. Yokugara chikuru monument of Armenian tsika muCrimea. Muzana remakore rechi15, apo Turkish nechisimba wakaparadza nyika Peninsula, wemamongi richiripo, nekuti kunyange vavengi asina kumutswa ruoko kuparadza nzvimbo yakadaro simba. Muna 17-18 emakore, wemamongi yavakwazve uye ari kuwedzera kanoverengeka. Zvishoma nezvishoma, Holy Cross rakava chikuru nzvimbo outorwa nokuti Sea Black nemhenderekedzo. Muna 1778, kunounza yokutama vokuArmenia kubva Crimean nyika pamusoro Lower Don panguva behest of Empress Catherine II. Zvino hama wemamongi nokuunganidza zvavo uye wakaitawo vanhu vake Don, apo akagara chinotanga chete zita. Pakupera muzana remakore rechi18 Crimean yemamongi Tinoenderera mberi basa raro, uye kunyange zvazvo akanga asiri diocese, asi wakasara wayo womudzimu uye anobatsira kukosha nokuda vokuArmenia vakanga vasara Crimea. pokuchinja kwezvinhu Surb Khách asati ana 4 zviuru maeka nyika. Asi pashure pokuchinja muna 1925, wemamongi sezvo sangano rechitendero, yave chapedzwa. Munguva Soviet, izvozvo dzichengeterwe masangano akasiyana-siyana: kubva mumusasa zhizha kuchipatara kuti tubercular. Panguva Second World War, vaNazi akaparadza zvose nzira yayo, haana kuda kuparadza nzvimbo ino namolennoe. Mukupera 80-ies Mutsvene Cross vanotanga kudzorera, muna 1994 basa Tinoenderera mberi. Nhasi, wemamongi yakazaruka kushanya uye minyengetero vanoramba kushumira pano, asi yemamongi nehama haana kurarama pano zvakare.

Mapurani kunzwisisa

Armenian yemamongi Surb Khách nhasi ine zvivako zvinoverengeka: chechi, mumwe refectory, imba Fraternity vapenyu uye mubindu pamwe matsime. yemamongi kunzwisisa riri panzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo - the Crimean dondo pagomo materu Grytsya. rusvingo Vintage vane chinoshamisa simba uye simba. Zviri akanyarara chaizvo, imba haisi kunotyisa runako, kureva ukuru uye simba mune zvokunamata. On masvingo zvakaoma, unogona kuona yakawanda kuvesa, kupenda, zvishongo yakanaka. Harmony uye nenyama noutsinye ibwe masvingo kupa yakavezwa manera uye mhepo ndima. Nhasi, wemamongi riri dongo, uye chete unowedzera norunako zvivakwa. Madziro, akafukidza Moss, rutsigiro, wakarukwa mazambiringa emusango, namatsime gomo - izvi zvose Anotungidza nzira akanyarara. The kunzwisisa chinokushamisa zvinoenderana kwayo uye nomweya kare.

Church Mutsvene Sign

Crimean yemamongi Mutsvene Cross akavaka kunhivi Surb Nshan Church of St. Zviratidzo. Local ngano inoti kuti kamwe vanhu vakaona mudenga pamusoro yakatenuka Mount Holy Cross, akataura kunzvimbo chitubu sendarama scored. Vachikudza zviratidzo uye nekereke yokutanga yakavakwa huni, pashure ibwe chechi akasimuka panzvimbo yayo. Enhetembo akanyorwa zvokutemerwa ibwe akapoteredza rising "dhiramu", inoti kuti temberi yakavakwa muna 1358. Mavakirwo Church iri kuenderera Ages Armenian tsika, zviri kucherechedzwa nenzira pyramidal tende yakagadzirwa ibwe, akaisa pakakwirira "dhiramu" faceted. Temberi yakavakwa guru pfumbu mabwe, padenga akafuka tsvuku usina kukonekita. Concise uye simba kuvaka chinhu chinokosha porusvingo rwematombo, izvo kamwe vakashumira achizvidzivirira basa. On masvingo Church akachengetedzwa Ages murals. Vanogona kuona mufananidzo wemhandara Mariya mucheche Jesu mumaoko ake, pamwe nevatsvene kunhivi. Uyewo pane imwe nezvimedu akachengetedzwa nguo maoko Armenian Church - gwayana rine muchinjikwa.

Nokuti chikuru chivakwa pedyo rectangular narthex (gavit), izvo dzaichimbova pamasuo maviri. Masvingo paberere, zvakavezwa muchimiro michinjikwa. The Musoro chiratidzo wechiKristu uku kurondwa kwose kwose. Handiti wemamongi uye pagomo iyo rinomira, ainzi vachikudza Mutsvene Cross. Above Muberere bhero neshongwe, iyo inotungamira kubva gavit ibwe manera, akashongedzwa mifananidzo. Porch uye bhero shongwe musi kubva remakore rechi15.

refectory

Mhiri roruvanze, pakatarisana kukereke St. Zviratidzo, ndiyo wemamongi refectory. Kamwe Surb Khách wemamongi kumba nemazana evanhu, uye saka aida yakafarikana zvokudya mamongi nevapfuuri. Zvino refectory ari maviri-storey chivako chikuru pakakwirira. Asi pasi wechipiri rakavakwa pamusoro chete muzana remakore rechi19, izvozvo dzichengeterwe makamuri vafambi nevapfuuri. refectory nzvimbo pacharo ine dzimba mbiri. North kamuri vakapakata hombe choto pamwe nedenga, pano akaisa muchoto. In rwezasi pane manera kuti zimba, uyewo nomukova vachivata. Next kuimba yokudyira unogona kuona chitubu, nechokuchamhembe rusvingo kuvaka zvakabatana rwematombo wemamongi.

chokugara Housing

Mumazuva akare Mumazuva Holy Cross Monastery yaiva yakakurumbira kwazvo nzvimbo, uye kuti igarwe vafambi uye mamongi anokosha zvivako zvikuru zvaidiwa. Kurutivi rwezasi madziro eimba yakabatana masero zvemamongi '. The Hull yakavakwa mukupera kwezana remakore rechi17 uye ine uriri maviri. Pasi pane 8 makamuri zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Masero uriri wechipiri kuwana vaiita rakavhurika nhurikidzwa. The mukati rakanyatsojeka wakaoma pamapatya muviri, simba rinomutsa yokumusoro kusika nhevedzano yokufeva ceilings. Kubva kumaodzanyemba pamapatya dzimba pedyo nechivako chenhurikidzwa rimwe wemamongi muhotera. It rakaparadzwa pakati pezana remakore rechi20, uye 80s yakadzorerwa nokupona vanodhirowa.

mumunda yemamongi

Panguva yake mambakwedza yemamongi Surb Khách nomukurumbira mapindu pamwe matsime vakawanda. Nhasi, zvishoma vakabva ayo ekare kunoshamisira. Pano unogona kuona zvasara nzira dzakare, anenge asingaoneki marongerwo pamusoro landings namatsime maviri akaita amabwe. Zvitubu - rectangular chivako nebwe France, akashongedzwa mifananidzo. Inonzi mvura zvivako kumonasitiri rakashanda mvura zvedongo, iyo zvaidyapo nemvura kubva kupi. Kubva refectory kusvika yamatsime kamwe akatungamirira 5-nemasitepisi, ikozvino tiri zvimedu manera mana tenuka amabwe.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Wemamongi wekare Holy Cross muTestamende Crimea ibhuku rakasiyana uye kunozivikanwa nzvimbo. Pakanga tsaru ibwe muchinjikwa - khachkars (muchinjikwa-matombo). Ndiye mukuru kakasaririra pakati wemamongi, asi kwemahofisi hama akabvisa zvakaoma chinhu dzvene yemamongi chitsva Don. Saka, muna Crimea, chete zvayo mifananidzo yakawanda inogona kuonekwa nhasi.

Kubva wemamongi, unogona kuwana kunzvimbo nomukurukuri inonzi Backwoods, apo vari matongo mumwe yemamongi yekare - Surb Stephanos remakore rechi14.

Pedyo wemamongi Surb Khách runoyerera gomo sorukova, izvo, maererano nengano, ane masimba. The mvura muchirimo rakanyatsojekesa uye zvinokuchengetedzai kunwa.

Kudzokera ikoko

How kuwana Mutsvene Cross wemamonk? Address yemamongi zvimiso: vanha Krym, Kirovsky dunhu. Unofanira kuenda kuguta vanha Krym mumugwagwa tsvina ari kumaodzanyemba-westerly mirayiridzo. Pasinei chokwadi kuti wemamongi Holy Cross, vane vokukurukura haagoni kuwanikwa, akamborarama uye mapurani Monument, mumwe miziyamu, hapana norunhare uye Indaneti. Naizvozvo, tariro bedzi navigators uye vanhu vakanaka nguva dzose ndiani ichanongedza nzira.