Asphalt arambe achirema. Zvinoumba Asphalt, GOST, muchiso, zvinhu

Somumwe inonyanyoshandiswa kushandiswa mugwagwa-zvokuvakisa Asphalt kushandiswa nhasi, GOST kunoda zvaidiwa arambe achirema uye nziyo. To musi, pane zvakawanda mamakisi, nemarudzi uye mhando zvinhu. The hwaro kupatsanura havasi chete anokonzera zvinoriumba, asi vo reshiyo iri Zvinoumba zvavo vakawanda zvikamu zviduku. Asphalt yakakamurwa muzvikamu uyewo nokuti zvakamisa hurongwa vangava zvakasiyana chakapatsanurwa pamusoro mavhu uye jecha, uye mwero wokunatswa chicherwa upfu.

mamiriro

The Kuronga Asphalt presupposes:

• mavhu;
• mavhu;
• jecha;
• bhitumini;
• chicherwa upfu.

Ichitaura marara, vamwe akasiyana unhani ichi asingagoveri kushandiswa kwayo. Zvisinei, marara kana mavhu waida, kana akaita asphalting nharaunda kufungisisa zvikuru zvinopfuura zvinorema uye yakakwirira motokari uriri. zvinhu izvi vari panguva imwe chete kuva anodzivirira maatomu akafanana karkasoobrazuyuschego.

Somunhu fanira feedstock akashandisa chicherwa upfu, muRugwaro zvirimo murwiyo pakubhadhara zvose uye mavanga Asphalt. Misa chikamu madota vagara vandifungira kufungisisa zvinodiwa uye mabasa kuti viscosity. Kana uchishandisa chicherwa upfu mune yakawanda, mashoko akawana kukwanisa nyorova vibrations ari zambuko mamiriro haana yakafukidzwa makatsemuka.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, jecha rinoshandiswa dzakawanda mavanga uye mhando Asphalt. Unhu Its iri pakutsvaga dhigirii yokuzvinatsa uye kugadzirwa nzira. The acho anogona zvinoberekwa nzira yakazaruka, umo nyaya kunosanganisira kudiwa wandei. Repakona of indasitiri chinhu nebhitumini. It chibereko mafuta yokucheneswa.

Misa chikamu bhitumini mune zvidzidzo dzakawanda Asphalt hakuiti kupfuudza 5%. Zvisinei, kana kutsvakwa tichigadzira nzvimbo, vane kunzwisisa kwakaita nzvimbo yacho, bhitumini zvinogona kushandiswa uwandu kusvika 10% uye zvakawanda. zvinhu izvi mbishi unopa arambe achirema uye elasticity pakati musanganiswa pashure solidification. Kwokupedzisira sezvamunoita iri nyore dzakagoverwa panzvimbo, nekuti ine fluidity.

The arambe achirema uye dzinokosha zvechadenga rwokuzvarwa Asphalt

Asphalt arambe achirema - ichi ndechimwe okutanga unhu kuti nyanzvi vanofarira uye private Developers. Natural musiyano wezvinyorwa kwayo inzira yakaderera utsotso hwakasimba guru dema. Pakutanga kwezana zvinhu angava kupenyerera kana mikukutu ruvara.

Asphalt arambe achirema ndiyo 1,1 g / cm³. Utsotso tembiricha dzinosiyana 20 kusvika 100 ° C. Sezvo chikamu mafuta huri uwandu 25 kusvika 40%, uye kuti anogona iri imwe Vhoriyamu 60 kusvika 75% anotsvedzerera anobuda pamiti nemakwenzi-asphaltene fuma. Kana zvokuvamba anoumba munhu chikamu iye sezvinotevera:

• C - 80-85.
• H - 10-12.
• S - 0,1-10.
• About - 2-3.

The arambe achirema pamusoro Asphalt aunotoziva, asi zvinoita ichi hachisi chete vanofarira vatengi. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvinofanira kuitwa nzira yokuva residues kana zvikamu zviduku mafuta evaporative chiedza zvinoriumba uye oxidation vakadhakwa supergene.

Unhu chakagadzirwa Asphalt

Chakagadzirwa Asphalt anonziwo Asphalt nezvakasanganiswa. Zviri tsindirana maumbirwo chicherwa upfu, mavhu, bhitumini uye jecha. Found inopisa Asphalt, iyo yakarongwa nechisimbiso kana apindwa tembiricha kuti 180 ° C kana kupfuura. Kana kushandiswa iri kugadzirwa kwacho yakaderera viscosity bhitumini, kuti kuisira rinoitwa panguva tembiricha kubvira 40 kusvika 80 ° C. Kana mvura bhitumini, Asphalt iri ipapo kuchitonhora nekuumbanidzwa uye dzimwe kutonhora anosvika -30 ° C.

The chikuru mavanga Asphalt uye GOST

Zvisinei, zvinonyadzisa Asphalt arambe achirema radudzwa pamusoro, vanofanira kuziva kuti chikamu zvokubikisa zviri murwiyo kunokanganisa pezvitsiga uye mhando Asphalt. Nhasi vakawanda vaibvuma mhando nhatu, vakaitwa maererano GOST 9128-2009. inogona kuwanika zvinodiwa izvi, mukana kuwedzera yokuvirisa kuti vawedzere hydrophobicity, chando nemishonga, mukurumari uye kuchinja kubva unhani.

Sezvo chikamu zvizivikanwe 1 Asphalt rine:

• kuongorora;
• jecha;
• mavhu;
• kongiri;
• chicherwa upfu.

By ichi gobvu unhani zvinosanganisira zvinhu umo kugutsikana muturunhuru dzingasiyana-siyana mune zvakawanda kubva 30 kusvika 60%. Izvi zvinofanira kusanganisira mukuru arambe achirema, zvikuru porous MacAdam uye porous Asphalt. Asphalt, GOST zvinofanira kukurukurwa panguva gadzira, inogona kugadzirwa pasi vanozivikanwa 2. Kuronga zvinhu rine:

• mavhu;
• kongiri;
• unorema kuongorora;
• jecha;
• chicherwa upfu.

chikamu ichi chinofanira kusanganisira jecha zvikuru porous, porous uye gobvu Asphalt umo mavhu kugutsikana dzinosiyana 30 kusvika 50%, asi musanganiswa dropout kupwanya uye jecha anogona zvakafanana 70 vhoriyamu%.

The arambe achirema pamusoro Asphalt aunotoziva, asi unofanira kuziva uye zvakawanda nezvokuti pane muchiso Asphalt 3, rine:

• unorema kuongorora;
• chicherwa jecha;
• nebhitumini upfu.

Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura pamusoro blends kuti nowakapwanyika ibwe uye mavhu kuti chinogona kuvapo kuwanda kubva 30 kusvika 50%. Screenings kupwanya uye jecha iri imwe Vhoriyamu 30 kusvika 70%.

Description pezvitsiga

Asphalt Density (t / m3) ndiyo 1,1. Zvisinei, izvi handizvo zvose pane kuziva pamusoro ehupfumi. Somuenzaniso, Asphalt giredhi 1 inogona zvikuru porous kana gobvu MacAdam mukuru. The zvezvinotaurwa Kushandiswa unhani uye mabasa sezvo mugwagwa kuvaka mapindu. Kana Asphalt giredhi 2, kuwanda kwayo arambe achirema inoramba pamusoro chete, asi chikamu mavhu uye jecha dzinosiyana. Asphalt iri kuonekwa Statistical avhareji. Muvhenganiswa rakaiswa pamusoro kuvaka migwagwa, Spatial Planning, vachigadzira coatings uyewo paumbwe nzvimbo uye motokari mumapaka.

mhedziso

Asphalt Density (t / m3) ndiyo 1,1. Asi pfungwa iyi haisi oga anofanira kuziva. Somuenzaniso, zvinokosha kutaura uyewo yangu pakati Asphalt, hunoreva kundima yaimbova Soviet Union, chitsuwa Trinidad, Venezuela, France uye Canada. Nokusanganisa chicherwa vomumatunhu, kusanganisira jecha uye mavhu, mashoko anochinja kuva simba goko pamusoro pechiso madhamu mafuta. bemhapemha iyi kunyenga nzira yokubudisa munzvimbo uye kudzika panyika kusvikira pamatombo inobereka mafuta-.