Basa rehurumende pane zveupfumi upenyu (gutsaruzhinji). mashandiro anoita hurumende iri upfumi

USSR inomirira Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Hazvina musoro kufunga kuti vose avo vaigara zvishoma munyika, tsime fungidzira chii gutsaruzhinji. Kutsunga bhuku - chinhu, Chokwadi, anobatsira, asi dzidziso. Asi upenyu muSoviet Union - ndiyo tsika! Ko chaizvo zvakafanana?

Dzidziso gutsaruzhinji

Socialism sezvo pfungwa kwouzivi iripo kupfuura chimwe chemakore. Tega hazvina Karl Marx. About Socialism akanyora Plato, zvakanga mukurumbira chaizvo muGirisi yekare pfungwa. Zvikuru chaizvo pfungwa gutsaruzhinji Campanella uye Thomas More. Zvino pfungwa dzavo panyaya iyi akaratidza Karl Marks.

Ndezvipi pfungwa inokosha gutsaruzhinji? Negation of pfungwa chaiyo uye centralized redistribution pfuma. Maererano mugovanisi theorists, ndizvo sangano nzanga achasika yakanyanyorurama uye vakasununguka munzanga vagari vose vakaenzana. Zvisinei, mubvunzo unomuka: Ndiani uendese akaunganidza zvakanakira pakati vagari vakaenzana? More kuenzana vagari? Uye zvaisazova kuva mumaoko avo simba iri pfungwa iri kunokosha kwazvo kupfuura chero chindingindingi-Bourgeois kana semhedziso mambo?

payakaipira dzidziso

mubvunzo uyu - haasi oga. Kwakadaro inonzwisisika zvinopikisana iri dzidziso dzakawanda gutsaruzhinji. Ndokusaka agara aripo chete sezvo pfungwa kwouzivi uye vanyori mabasa vakazvipira kwaari vainzi vanongofungidzira uye utopians. Most zvakarurama kurondedzera Classic, vakanatswa gutsaruzhinji tsanangudzo "unsustainable".

Karl Marx pachake, wepachokwadi mutsigiri ichi muitiro kwouzivi vaidavira kuti pakatanga pfungwa iyi muupenyu vanhu kuita shanduka achikwakuka. Uye chokwadi, pfungwa inokosha huripo gutsaruzhinji zvayo yakachena, primordial chimiro anoshanda. Nekuti apinda zvakananga vachinetsana kunyatsogona womunhu psyche. Zvinosuruvarisa, vanhu havasi vakakwana, havana nzvimbo pakuva.

Countries kuedza kuvaka gutsaruzhinji

Rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma pfungwa kwouzivi - zvikuru zvakarurama unoratidza tsanangudzo gutsaruzhinji. Nhoroondo rwokufamba ichi zvinogona vakagumisa kuti kuedza kwayo kushanda - zviri njodzi chaizvo. Nyika Very shoma kuti wasarudza ichi nzira kunge ibudirire.

More chaizvo, chete chete - Sweden. South America uye Africa zvingava nani pakaunda-kushambadza tsika gutsaruzhinji uye Soviet Union, kunyange zvazvo akava vamwe kubudirira, asi isuwo kure akabva dzinokosha pakudzidzisa.

Dzimwe nguva, somuenzaniso nyika kuti vakabudirira munzvimbo iyi anonzi China. Asi haringanzi vaiona Maoism mumwe mapazi gutsaruzhinji. The Chinese pachavo vagara vafunga pachavo Vakomonisiti uye vezvourudzi. Uye pfungwa Humanism, iro anozorora ari dzekare gutsaruzhinji, Maoism mutorwa.

Naizvozvo, kufunga zvakaitika hunoshanda Implementation pamusoro dzidziso yezvisikwa kuenzana muupenyu, zviri nani kuvimba zvakaitika kunyika maviri: Sweden uye Soviet Union. Vakaenda vakaparadzana nzira uye vane zvakasiyana kududzirwa dzidziso gutsaruzhinji. Uye migumisiro vakanga kubudirira zvakanyatsosiyana. Asi zvikuru kuziva kuti kuenzanisa navo.

Economy uye mamiriro murau

Chero political pfungwa iri nguva dzose inobva upfumi. Izvi - nyama neropa gadziriro, padenga uye masvingo. kutsanangura - basa hwenyika munzanga. Uye kana munhu pfungwa enyika kunogona vaunze zveupfumi uye mari ukama pakutanga, ipapo zvinhu zvakachinja kuna zvakashandurwa. Economy munzanga rine kutungamirira basa, uye hutungamiri nokukurumidza munyika vachanzwisisa ichi, nani. A muenzaniso chaiwo ezvinhu akadaro - Russian 20-ies wekupedzisira remakore. Political kuda akaparadza tsaru upfumi kuitira uye vakaedza artificially kusika mutsva runoenzanirana dzidziso. Zvechokwadi, kwenguva yakati, cadaver ichi yavapo. Asi dambudziko payakatanga, uye hurumende akamanikidzwa kugadzirisa dzematongerwe uye kuita chiito kuti ndimutsidzire upfumi. NEP zvakananga mukusiyana ose kuziviswa nevanhu. Asi aifanira akapinda. Zvinodiwa. Yaiva chete nzira kudzikamisa zvinhu. Saka hondo "mari-pfungwa" pfungwa ndarasa. Marx zvakanaka, nyaya achiri chikuru.

The vakaronga Upfumi sehurumende chindingindingi

Asi nzira kugadzirwa kunofanira pamwe anazvo. Uye aigadzira nhumbi - kuparadzirwa, uye pachena centrally. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi gutsaruzhinji. Basa rehurumende iri upfumi, naizvozvo, tinofanira kuva kusarudza.

Mune USSR, zvinhu zvaiva zvakadaro. Pashure pokuwa NEP wokuti vakaronga upfumi wakatangwa, kwakavakirwa zvakananga kudzora mamiriro pamusoro upfumi upenyu munyika. The musika ari Western pfungwa shoko iri USSR sezvo kutanga vasipo. No kuzvidzora kuti wedzerai uye kudiwa, hapana makwikwi. All rwakatsiviwa nechepakati kuronga uye chakagadzirwa murau. Akadaro aiva mamiriro muchinangwa upenyu zvoupfumi. Socialism muSoviet Union kunzwisiswa se "ndizvidavirire uye kutonga". Uye kuti mashoko aiva nezvaanoreva chaiwo. Chero kudiwa, chero vanofanira kunyatsofunga overenga uye kugadzira zvivako akagamuchira hurongwa hwakajeka. Tinoda simbi iyi zvikuru, nematarakita anofamba zhinji saka uye majoko akawanda rweshangu vana.

nezvinetso mamiriro murau

akarayira inogadzirwa mitemo apo akatora makore mashanu, uye ipapo kutenderera rinodzokorora. Socialist upfumi iyi mhando hariko pachayo. Akanga ari basa Artist pamwe ehurumende machine.

upfumi kakawanda zvichienzaniswa muviri. Healthy kana kwete, simba kana vasina simba. Asi - mupenyu, kwete vanoda kutungamirirwa: "Heart beysya ropa - theca" rutina Vehurumende iri upfumi Soviet Union vakanga zvakawanda, kuti pamusoro chero zvakafanana. muviri uye kutaura vaisagona kuva. Ndechokuti - kwete chaizvo muviri chipenyu kuti zvakabatana ari dialysis muchina, chakagadzirwa chiedza uye pacemaker panguva imwe chete. Uye, kuti murambe ringanidzo, pane ropa naye - Vamwe chena plasma. Nokuti Ruble Soviet aisangova asiri convertible. Iye aripo kunze kosi, upfumi Vacuum.

Chakagadzirwa Exchange musika

Mashandiro anoita neHurumende vari upfumi USSR akanga akawanda zvikuru zvokuti pamutemo Gengi National mari aiva nechokuita chero chaiko rokutenga simba currency, kana pamwe nechitarisiko prices. Nhamba 1 Ruble - $ 1 kuripo mukati nyika chete, hapana panze kuchinjana rubles nokuda kwomutengo yakadaro hazviiti. Uye Soviet Union, reshiyo ichi zvaitoitika chete chepamutemo kwema. Black musika mitengo zvakasiyana nokure. Uye panongopera nyika vakasiya mutemo vanachandagwinyira murau currency pamusika, ari Ruble yakadhirika - kana panzvimbo, akatora nzvimbo kuti, uye aitofanira kukwereta pasina kubata rutsigiro.

dambudziko iri chakagadzirwa murau hwenyika - kuvapo muna nyayawo chena mazai chenguva duku ezvinhu anoita muviri zvachose unviable. Haufaniri kusiya kana dzakachengeteka nzvimbo kana kuti kugadzirira kuti chokwadi achaparadza kuputsika magirazi nyika.

Kunwisa kunofambira mberi kugadzira

The matambudziko chete uye upfumi, aivapo zvikuru yaidzorwa hwechiKomonisiti. Iye, chokwadi, akatsiga - musika nematambudziko izvozvo anenge usagunzva. Asi vachibhadharisa pakuchinja kurwisa - asina kuomarara. upfumi uku hakusi kugona pachayo kupindura zvisingadzivisiki kuchinja chokwadi. Uye kugadzirwa uye kuparadzwa vari yaidzorwa mu Chinyorwa rudzi, uye naizvozvo, regai dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaidzo, uye pfungwa pamusoro queries izvi, kurarama dzemwoyo nokutongwa mamiriro. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo basa rehurumende muupenyu zvoupfumi. Soviet chatiri gutsaruzhinji aigona kupa vagari pamwe vakasununguka mufurati, asi kugona kubudisa homwe mukadzi utsanana. Nokungoti kwokudiwa Apartments chinokosha pamwero wenyika, uye kudiwa kumhanya - iri kunyengedzazve, izvo kubva pakakwirira ehurumende kutarisira uye haagoni kunzi.

Social inopikira muna USSR

Asi pamwe akadaro kukanganisa pachena, ari socio-zvoupfumi of USSR akanga yazvo nenzira yakasiyana. Hongu, asi Mapedhi havana - asi Apartments maimbova! Level evanhu vakadzivirirwa USSR akanga ane chaizvo mukuru chechetere.

Free kwedzimba, vakasununguka mishonga, free dzidzo, akavimbisa basa nokuti vadzidzi ... Paiva kuziva gangaidzo: rumwe rutivi, avhareji mararamiro muSoviet Union akanga akaderera zvikuru kupfuura Europe kana kuUnited States. Kune vamwe, aitova paavhareji - ndiko, hakuna hwomutambarakede dzimba kuti yeshoroma kana Vagabonds mumabhokisi makadhibhokisi. Tinogona kutaura kuti kunotanga basa iri senguva muchipatara Soviet varwere unprivileged yakanga kuvatumwa muFrance kana England. Asi iwe unogona, uye yeuka kuti muFrance kana England, vanhu pasina inishuwarenzi zvinenge kurasikirwa kodzero mishonga, uye muna USSR, yaiva mumwe evanhu chivimbiso chakasimba chekuchengetedzwa zvose.

Vazhinji kudzidza muSoviet Union vakanga vasingagutsikane kuparadzira: iri kure kunzvimbo, kumhanya-pasi mabhizimusi. Zvino, zvichida, kwete mumwe mudzidzi chete vangadai wakagodora tsika iyi. Avimbiswa basa, vakasununguka pekugara, kunyange muhositeri, tarisiro wokusvika yake mufurati.

The kuitika muna USSR socio-zvoupfumi, nokuti zvose zvikanganiso ayo, akabvunza yakakwirira chaizvo zvinodiwa mumunda kutarisira munhu mamiriro. Uye kungoti hahungawanikwi yakanaka.

Swedish nzira

Asi basa gutsaruzhinji upfumi upenyu hunogona zvakasiyana. Sweden havarambi chaiyo, kana musika upfumi. Asi vakavaka "gutsaruzhinji ine chiso chomunhu", paakasvika chinangwa, kuti izvo Soviet Union yakanga makore anodarika 70.

The yeSweden akatora akanakisisa pfungwa kwouzivi - vatarisire munhu uye pfungwa dzake zvaidiwa uye zvaanoda. Uye akasiyiwa vanokwanisa nengozi nemhaka impracticability zvinangwa: ari abolition dzakavandika pfuma uye centralized kuparadzira. The muenzaniso Swedish kunosanganisira neHurumende pamusoro zveupfumi upenyu - asi nokure mumagariro inopikira. Pamusoro pazvo, haafaniri monopolize zvokurarama kugadzirwa uye kuparadza vakasununguka musika. Zvaringana kusika zvinobudirira hurongwa redistribution.

Support nokuti Entrepreneurship

By ichi uye kwakaderedza basa hurumende muupenyu zvoupfumi. Socialism muna Swedish - ari kwakanaka hurongwa mitero uye anonzwisisa, justifiable reallocations.

Kusiyana Soviet Union, nyika iyi inokurudzira zvikuru private indasitiri, kunyanya diki uye nomutoo. Shure zvose, ichi ndicho akakwana kuzvipedza! Man andinenge uye basa, uye basa, uye kunyange mitero. Handifaniri munhu kuti zvitungamirire sei achikura makabheji, asi sei kusonera Shirts. With ichi rakaisvonaka mubato nevatengi kudiwa. The zvakawanda kuwana, vagari vapfumi, ndipo mitero vacharipa, uye somugumisiro, chikuru chichaitwa kudira kupinda evanhu bhora. Panguva iyo mutero gadziriro inovakwa kuitira kuti Entrepreneurs kunobatsira kuwedzera kugadzirwa mavhoriyamu, modernize uye kuwedzera kambani.

Socialism muna Swedish

Asi izvi hazvirevi kuti yeSweden haabatanidzi pamutemo basa rehurumende muupenyu zvoupfumi. Socialism sechinhu nehanya vanhu havana kubudirira pachishandiswa monopolisation okuwana, uye kubudikidza Optimization pamutemo kuumbwa. Pfungwa vakaenzana muSweden awana hunobatsira okuti. Unyanzvi Hwokuridza uye vasina unyanzvi vashandi, varume nevakadzi - munhu upi kuita chaizvo basa, anogamuchira mari nokuti mukanyatsochengeta maererano nechinangwa zvinhu zvakadai kunzwisisa kwakaita basa uye unhu zvabuda. Izvi - mugumisiro basa Swedish dzaishandiswa mibatanidzwa, pamwe pacho anoshandira pamwe.

Uyezve, nyika iri zvikuru yakakwirira vakawanda azvipire wokubvumira. Kusarurwa kwakavakirwa munhui, rudzi, zvitendero aitenge - chirango ichi nyaya haisi zvakaoma chete, asiwo hakudzivisiki.

In Sweden, hapana nokudenga hurongwa evanhu inopikira, sapamazuva Soviet Union, asi pane hurongwa mamiriro evanhu inishuwarenzi, hunoreva vagari vose. Ose mugari, zvisinei yavanotambira, vanogona kuvimba nokutsigira voruzhinji kana yokushayiwa.

Nenzira iyi, nyika yeSweden vakakwanisa kuziva munhu utopian dzidziso pose kuenzana uye vakachengeteka, pasina vachibayira chero private pfuma, kana pamusoro wakasununguka zvokutengeserana uye mabhizimisi pfungwa.