Bhuku ReRubvu reSaratov Region: Rudzi Rwenzvimbo uye Zvikara Zvemhuka

Nharaunda yeSaratov inozivikanwa nekuda kwehupfumi hwayo: masango akachengetedzwa, mhuka neshiri zvinonakidza, kazhinji, kune chimwe chinhu chingaona. Iko pano kuti mhando dzisingagoni kuonekwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika yedu yakakura dzinogara.

The Red Book yeSaratov Region

Nemhaka yenzvimbo iyo iri pamakwikwi eEurope neAsia, mamiriro okunze, ivhu nekununura kune zvinhu zvitatu zvinokonzera nyika zvinoshandura pano: musango-steppe, the steppe uye semidesert. Saka, chimiro cheSaratov nzvimbo yakasiyana chaizvo. Munharaunda yakarurama kumaodzanyemba, masango aya akachengeterwa uye makomo akakomberedzwa eKhvalynshchina neVol'sk, achipfuura nechokumaodzanyemba achienda kunzvimbo yemasango-steppe, nechokumabvazuva kweVolga inomirira herbaceous, feather grass, fescue-wormwood mazamu akakomberedza Kazakhstan semi-desert.

Hapana chakafanana neizvi mune chero nzvimbo yeRussia. Iyo yakasiyana neyo nzvimbo yakasarudza kutanga uye kunhuvira kwemuti nemhuka yemhuka munzvimbo yeSaratov: marudzi anopfuura 1 500 emiti, mapoka mazana maviri emarudzi, makumi mapfumbamwe ezvemhuka ... Uye iyi haisi yanyora yakakwana. Zvinosuruvarisa, semugumisiro wekusimudzirwa kwenyika dzemawere uye mamwe mabasa ezvematongerwe enyika evanhu, mararamiro ezvakasikwa anodzvinyirirwa, uye vamiririri vakanyatsojeka yemafuta nemhuka zvinodzivirirwa kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma kuwana: mumaturakiti, floodplains yenzizi nemasitari, Khvalynsk uye Khopra nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, masango eKumisnaya Polyana. Kusvika iye zvino, zvisikwa zvema 541 chete zvakave zvakabatanidzwa mune zvinyorwa zvisingawanzoitiki kana kuti zvinenge zvisingachaperi zvezvipenyu nemhuka dzemunharaunda.

Red Book

Kwenguva yekutanga, chido chekuchengetedza kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwechirimwa nemhuka yemhuka yeharaunda yacho yakatanga mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira. Uye kare muna 1996 rekutanga bhuku reRubvu reSaratov rakabudiswa, apo zvakakonzerwa nezvakaitika zvakataurwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki kana zvisingasviki zvezvirimwa, mhuka uye shiri. Makore gumi gare gare, yakadzorerwa zvakare, uye Hurumende yenharaunda yakabvumira urongwa hwemhando yemiti nemhuka dzakanyorwa muRubhuku Rurefu, uye rwakatsanangurwa mhosva yekukuvara kwezvinhu izvi. Matanho akatorwa kuti atungamirire kusaka munharaunda: kushambadzira kwekuvhara kwakapfigwa, kunogumira kune dzimwe nzara, roe deer.

Kunyanya, kune mhuka dzenharaunda yeSaratov, dzakanyorwa muRubhuku Bhuku (235 mhando), mbeu (286 marudzi). Bhuku racho rakanyatsoratidzwa, mapepa ekuparidzirwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvisikwa zvisingawaniki uye pangozi zvinoratidzwa, tsanangudzo yavo, mazano pamusoro pekudzivirirwa anopiwa.

Animal world

Zvino pane chidikanwi cheimwezve kudhindwa. Bhuku tsvuku reSaratov munharaunda idzva inofanira kubudiswa muna 2016. Ichabatanidza mashoko kubva mumakore achangopfuura pamusoro pekutyisidzira kwekupera kwakakwana nekusvika uye zvisizvo zvisingasviki zvezvipenyu nemafuta, zvinomirirwa munzvimbo yedu uye mukuda kwekudzivirirwa kunokosha. Mhuka dzeRoabhu Bhuku reSaratov Dunhu dzinomiririrwa nemhando gumi nemaviri emhuka dzisina kuwanikwa, 32 marudzi e shiri.

Kudzivirirwa kwakakosha kunoda 7 mhuka dzemhuka dzinokambaira uye 4 mhando dzevagari vemunyika yose nemvura. Pakati pemhando dzinonakidza dzezvinokambaira, tinogona kucherechedza mutsara wekare wakasiyana-siyana. Sezvo mutemo, unogara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemakwikwi uye masikati-masango, kunyanya muhombekeri wezasi kweMvura yeVolga, kunyanya muMarkovskiy. Dzimwe nguva vamiririri vezvipenyu izvi vanogona kuwanikwa musango-steppe uye kunyange mumakomo. Anorarama mumumvuri usina kudzika, unozvichera, kana kushandisa mink matatya, makonzo uye kunyange kugadzikana mumapanga nemakwenzi evhu. Zvokudya zvaro zvipembenene zviduku: nhunzi, spider, ants, makungu. Hunovhima mangwanani nemasikati. Inotakura mazai ehukuru hukuru hukuru - kubva pa1 kusvika kuhafu masentimita.

Kudzivirira uye kudzora

Mhuka dzeRoabhu Bhuku reSaratov Dunhu dziri pasi pekudzivirirwa uye kutungamirirwa kweHurumende yenharaunda yacho. Nokuda kwekukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nekudzvinyirira kunze kwemutemo uye kuparadzwa kwakatevera, pamwe chete nekuparadzwa kana kukuvadzwa kwehugaro hwavo, matanho edziviriro uye mutungamiri mutoro yakagadzwa.

Bhuku ReRubvu reSaratov Region rinopa mhando yakawanda yemhuka dzinogara munzvimbo yeSaratov. Aya ndiwo marudzi akatevera: muskrat anochema anogara mumagwenga emakwenzi, zvipfeko, achirova nehukuru hwakakura. The avtotka, stern golden eagle, sachie inonakidza, shudhi inopopota, the tyvik, the crane, nyoka-kudya, ye -red-breasted goose, yakapotwa, spoonbill, pelican yakasviba, white-tailed eagle, uye mhuka dzakawanda dzisingazivikanwi uye zviduku .

Munharaunda yacho, nhamba yevamiririri vashoma vemaitiro ezvinyorwa zvinenge zvakakwirira, zvakadai sokunge zvakanyangarika Bustard, zvichida kusasangana nemhepo, nyoka yakakanganwa, nevamwe vakawanda.

Shiri

Muchikamu che "Red Book of the Saratov Region. Shiri "dzinofarira kugungwa kwegungwa. Anowanzovhiringidzika nechegungwa gungwa, asi zvakasiyana naye, ruvara rwemapapiro edzimusoro rakachena, kwete rima, seganda. Runako rwakakosha hunoiswa kumutsipa unopenya, muswe nemuviri wakadzika, uye muvara uyu unhu hwechiitiko chezhizha. Musana nemapapiro mashomanana, madema uye machena machena pamuswe uye mutsvuku mutsvuku wemapapiro emhepo, pamwe chete nemhembwe dzakanaka uye mapepa tsvuku dzinozadza pfekaon yepamusoro. Iyo shiri yakakura chaizvo - pamwe chete kubva kureba 39 masentimita kusvika hafu yemamita, mapapiro anenge anenge mamita. Iwe unogona kuzviona muBanki reBhotera mumwedzi yezhizha.

Gondo reGurusa - shiri inotyisa

Imwe shiri, yakanyorwa muBlack Book yeruwa reSaratov, igondo regoridhe. Uyu ndiye mumiririri anonyanya kutyisa weshiri, kureba kwemakumbo ayo ari masentimita manomwe chete, tsoka dzacho dzine feather to claws. Zvisikwa kubva pa matatu kusvikira kune makirogiramu manomwe, muviri hurefu anenge mamita. Nemhaka yegema ine denderedzwa yegoridhe shure kwemusoro nemutsipa, ruvara rwakagamuchira zita rekutanga, muchiChirungu rinonzwika se "Golden Eagle". White golden eagles. Ichizivikanwa nemaonero akanaka, mhuka inogona kuonekwa iri kure nemakiromita mana. Kubhururuka kwemafambisi mumvura yakakura kunopfuura makiromita 100 / h.
Nzvimbo iyi masango, nzvimbo ine makomo. Inowanikwa muKhvalynsky Reserve. Icho chiri pasi pekudzivirirwa. Zvokudya zvake zvinosanganisira mabhasi, marmots, mhashu uye kunyange makanki nenyoka. Ane utsinye zvikuru, anogona kurwisa kunyange mbongoro, roe deer. Mhuri yakaroorana, sekutonga, ramba wakatendeka kune mumwe nemumwe kusvikira zuva rokupedzisira. Kune zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana mukati maviri, mapeji ari kusvetuka kusvika kune mazuva makumi mashanu, zvino vanovadyisa kwemwedzi miviri.

Zvirimwa

Chikamu "Bhuku Dzvuku reSaratov. Zvirimwa "zvakare zvakakura uye zvinonakidza chaizvo. Nokudaro, shanduro yechipiri yaisanganisira 286 miti yemiti, 1 yayo imhuri mhuri, 14 masses, mapani matatu, 10 ferns, 2 ma gymnosperms uye 256 angiosperms, uye 20 subspecies ye fungi. Nhengo uye shrubby zvinomiririrwa neBirchy, Austrian cannabis , arboreal cotoneaster. Zvimwe kufarira ndiwo mishonga yemishonga yeBlack Book: Adonis Volzhsky, Angelica, aifunga nezvemishonga, Cicuta ane chepfu. Nhamba yezvishongedzero dzemarudzi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushongedza: kumusoro-fighter, 11 marudzi e astragalus, cornflowers (kune zvishoma zvina subspecies dzakasiyana), uyewo maarchik ose emunharaunda inozivikanwa sechibage-kukura, muto wemunwe uye unomusiki wekusima miti - girasi.

Bhuku tsvuku reharaunda yeSaratov inotitumira isu kune zvisikwa zvisingawanzovi zveferns: mbudzi yemadzimai, chikafu chekudya uye vamwe. Izvi zvinosanganisira zviyo zvakasimwa-mhuka: dama rakanaka, nyoka inopararira.

Munharaunda yekucherechedza zvakanyanya

Kunyatsotarirwa kunobhadharwa munzvimbo yeSaratov kune kuchengetedzwa kwemhando dzakadaro dzeshiri sezvinonzi scarding bustard, tuvik, crane (belladonna), uyewo avo vakaverengwa zvishoma zvishoma. Iyo Red Data Book yeSaratov Inosanganisira 14 mhando dze shiri dzinodya nyama, kusanganisira gondo, griffon, sip-white-headed sip, gyrfalcon nevamwe vazhinji. Kukosha kwebhuku reRubhuku rakakura zvikuru.

Mhuka dzeSaratov nzvimbo dzakanyorwa muRubhuku Rurefu dziri pasi pekutonga kweHurumende yenharaunda, iyo yakaumba hwaro hwezvinhu zvose zvemazuva ano zvezvakatipoteredza munharaunda.