Bromide, hydroxide, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate uye potassium cyanide

Wakafunga here kunyatsoongorora zvese zvemakemikari nemakemikari awo? Chido chakanaka, ndinotanga kutanga ne potassium. Nhoroondo yake sechinhu, iwe unogona kuwana nekuongorora periodic system ya DI Mendeleyev neziso rako. Asi wakambonzwa here nezvekubatana kwayo? Ndine chokwadi kuti vanhu vazhinji vanongodzungudza misoro yavo mukupindura. Nhasi tichatarisa makiromita mashanu anozivikanwa kwazvo esimbi: bromide, hydroxide, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate uye potassium cyanide.

1. Potassium bromide

Chirevo chayo ndicho KBr. Iine maitiro echinhu chisina kuchena chekristalline. Uyewo mune mamwe mabhuku iyi potassium munyu, iyo yakabva masara (Br) ayo ari hydrobromic acid, inogona kunzi potassium bromide. Iyo inoshandiswa sechinhu chinokonzera bromide ions kuita sendivha yakagadzirwa nemashizha akafanana. Potassium bromide inogonawo kuderedza zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nezvipukanana zvemichero. Zvichishandise, IR inoratidzwa.

2. Potassium hydroxide

Chirevo chake ndicho KOH. Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana inogona kunzi potassium hydroxide, caustic potashi, caustic potashi. Iine maitiro emakristani asingasviki nehupamhi hwehuwandu hwehuwandu. Murumbidze kwaari, unogona kuwana potassium cyanide. Iyi alkali inozivikanwa sekuwedzera kwezvokudya E525 uye electrolyte mubheriri realkaline. Kunyange zvakadaro nekubatsira kwechigadzirwa ichi , methane, dzakasiyana-siyana zveasitasium salt uye dzakasvibiswa zirconium hydroxide zvinowanikwa.

3. Potassium carbonate

Chirevo chayo ndecheK ₂ CO ₃ . Izvi zvinogonawo kunzi caustic potassium kana potashi. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana, inoratidzwa sechinhu chakachena chekristalline. Nekubatsirwa kwaro, sese yakasviba, kristini kana girazi rinogadzirwa. Izvo zvakarewo hutano hwakanaka hwezvirimwa zvekurima. Iyo inozivikanwa sechinhu chinopesana nechando chisingaiti mukrete, uyewo sekuchengetedza kweE501.

4. Potassium nitrate

Chirevo chake ndicho KNO ₃ . Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuitika pasi pezita re potassium, potassium kana Indian nitrate. Kazhinji inoparidzirwa nenzira yechidiki, isina-volatile uye zvishoma zvinyorwa zvekristasi zvisina kunhuhwirira. Inonzi inozivikanwa semurimu hunoshandiswa, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha muzvinhu zve pyrotechnic nemagetsi, aine oxidizer ane simba nekuwedzera kwekudya Е252.

5. Potassium sulphate

Chirevo chacho ndeche K2SO4. Yakapiwa semakristani asina ruvara. Ichi ndicho chakakwana chlorine isina fertilizer. Apo girazi rinobudiswa, marumusi akasiyana-siyana uye kubuda, iyi potassium munyu inokosha inokosha.

6. Potassium cyanide

Chirevo chayo ndicho KCN, uye izvi, zvichida, ndeimwe yezvinhu zvinotyisa zvikuru. Haigoni kuputika kana kupisa zvishoma, asi asidi yeasiti ye cyanide uye potasium mune imwe nhengo ndeyekuti, pasina kuwedzeresa, "muvhenganisi wevaurayi" kuvanhu, michero nemhuka. Pakarepo pakafa rufu inenge yakadyiwa kubva ku 1.7 mg / kg yechinhu ichi. Asi kunze kwekuita kwake, kubudiswa kwesirivha negoridhe kubva kune ores, electroplating yezvigadzirwa zvemhando dzakawanda, uyewo zvishongo, hazvina kukwana.

Mhedziso

Hasizi dzose mashizha esimbi iyi. Bromide, hydroxide, carbonate, nitrate, sulphate uye potassium cyanide inongova chikamu chiduku mumutsara mukuru wezvinhu zvisina kusimba zvine chinhu ichi. Asi panewo maitiro ayo ehupenyu - somuenzaniso, lactate, sorbate, kuzadza, nezvimwewo. Uye yakafanana. Asi iyi inyaya yakasiyana zvachose.