Chamber mumhanzi. Chii kamuri-nziyo?

Zvichida mumwe munhu hanya mimhanzi. Anoenda vanhu ndiko inokosha, hazvibviri kuziva kana murume akadzidza kuchigamuchira. Ungangove, zvakaitika apo tateguru wedu, kuedza kutaura manzwiro avo, akarova mukaha hunde remuti. Kubvira ipapo, vanhu uye mumhanzi zvakabatana chaizvo, nhasi pane zvakawanda ayo Genres, zviri mufashoni. chevarwere ichi, pakunamata uye, pakupedzisira, dzekare paku - symphonic chamber mumhanzi. Chii mirayiridzo sezvo kamuri mumhanzi ikoko, vanoziva anenge zvose, asi chii anosiyana ayo uye peculiarities - vashoma. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa paya ino munyaya.

Nhoroondo panowanikwa yomukati mumhanzi

Nhoroondo yomukati nziyo yakatangira kuMiddle Ages. Muzana XVI remakore nziyo yazvinofanira kuenda mhiri chechi mutemberi. Vamwe vanyori vakatanga kunyora mabasa akaitwa kunze kwemasvingo chechi kaduku pedenderedzwa connoisseurs. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pakutanga zvakanga chete dzemanzwi uye dzezviridzwa kamuri mumhanzi akauya zvikuru paya. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Kunakidza mukamuri mumhanzi. Chii zita rinobva Italian shoko kamera ( "Room"), pamwe vose anoyeuka. Kusiyana kuchechi uye mitambo mumhanzi, Kamuri pakutanga kuti kuitwa kwakavakirwa timu duku rakamanikana denderedzwa vateereri. Kazhinji, chokupika kwakaitika kumba, uye gare gare - mune diki konzati dzokusanganira. Its yepamusoro yomukati uye nziyo yakasvika muna XVIII-XIX emakore, kana zvose zvipenyu misha shoroma vakaperekedza Concerts zvakafanana. Gare gare, kunyange machinda akanga achiita dzose mbiru musicians.

Mifananidzo kamuri mumhanzi

Pakutanga chamber mumhanzi chokupika pamberi diki denderedzwa vanhu vari ayo connoisseurs. A kamuri miganhu, apo konzati kwakaitika, rinobvumira muiti uye vateereri kunyatsotevera nehofisi nemumwe. Izvi zvose zvakasikwa rakasiyana ezvinhu yokudiwa. Zvichida ichi ndicho chikonzero nei kuti unyanzvi kwakadaro kunoratidzwa yakakwirira kugona akazaruka lyrical manzwiro uye nuances siyana muupenyu hwevanhu.

Chamber mumhanzi hawaizokwanisa zvakawanda chaizvo zvakagadzirirwa wokushandura pfungwa dzevanhu uchibatsirwa zvipfupi, asi panguva imwe chete zvinosimbiswa kwazvo mari. Kusiyana symphonic music, apo bato akaita toolsets, mumabasa akadaro akanyorwa nerimwe chiridzwa chine yayo bato, uye vari anenge akaenzana mumwe.

Mhando yepamusoro paku Ensemble

With kukura akambovapo vakashanduka chamber mumhanzi. Chii mirayiridzo vanofanira zvimwe pachinhu vanopara, haatarisiri uchapupu. Current paku zvisungo vanomiririra:

• duets (vatambi vaviri);
• Trio (nhengo nhatu);
• quartets (mana);
• quintets (shanu);
• sextets (nhanhatu);
• septets (nomwe);
• octets (sere);
• nonets (pfumbamwe);
• decet (gumi).

In chokushandisa ichi murwiyo zvinogona zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvingasanganisira zvine tambo uye mhepo zvokuridza. The Zvinoumba chikwata chimwe anogona zvaisanganisira chete tambo kana mhepo chete. Uye pangava yakavhenganiswa kamuri ensembles - kazhinji vatendeuke pamusoro piyano. Kazhinji, akafanana yavo imwe chete chete - munyori wacho zvokufungidzira, uye kazhinji pakunogumira. Uyezve, munewo Kamuri vairidza - mapoka, izvo zvinosanganisira hapana zvinopfuura 25 musicians.

Genres paku kamuri mumhanzi

Modern kamuri mumhanzi Genres dzakaumbwa pasi pokudzora mabasa Vanyori makuru akadai V. A. Motsart, Beethoven, Haydn. Kuti vemifananidzo izvi vakasikwa risingaenzaniswi tinoshandisa zvirimo uye mupfungwa kudzama basa. Sonatas, duets, trios, quartets uye quintets pane imwe nguva akabhadhara mutero yakakurumbira dzorudo ari XIX remakore: Mendelssohn, Schumann, Schubert, Chopin. Mukuwedzera, mukurumbira zvikuru panguva ino akagamuchira uye Genre pamusoro paku miniatures (nocturnes, intermezzo).

Kunewo kamuri Concerts, Inn, fugues, cantatas. Muzana XVIII remakore Genres ose kamuri mimhanzi yakasiyana-siyana chaizvo. Mukuwedzera, ivo woga kuti manyorero mamwe Genres uye zvekunyanyisa. Somuenzaniso, Beethoven kurondwa pachena saka chido kusunda miganhu zvakadai mananara sezvo kamuri mumhanzi, chii basa rake se "The Kreutzer Sonata" by kwayo monumentalism uye mupfungwa Makakatanwa hakusi muduku Symphony zvakasikwa.

Genres ose Vocal kamuri mumhanzi

Muzana XIX remakore, akawana zvikuru mukurumbira Vocal mukamuri mumhanzi. Akazviratidza mutsva Genre ounyanzvi rwiyo uye dzorudo vaibhadhara mutero zvakadaro Vanyori zvikuru kufanana Schumann, Schubert, Berlioz, Brahms. An mupiro chinokosha munyika yokumusoro mumhanzi muunganidzwa akaita Vanyori Russian. kumabasa Magnificent M. I. Glinki, P. I. Chaykovskogo, M. P. Musorgskogo, M. Rimsky-Korsakov, uye nhasi haasiyi munhu hanya. Kuwedzera zvidimbu zviduku, panewo kamuri dhanzi Genre. Rinoreva kuvapo vashomanana vatambi uye haatarisiri hombe nzvimbo zvesimba.

Chamber mumhanzi nhasi

Chokwadi, nhasi hapana anoita pasina dzimba dzakadaro, apo, somuzana remakore rapfuura, mukamuri ensembles kutamba takapoteredzwa shoma denderedzwa vanhu. Zvisinei, zvinopesana yaivapo pfungwa, rwendo urwu kwakakurumbira chaizvo. Hall Nhengo chamber mumhanzi rose vaunganidze mamiriyoni mafeni sezvo mabasa dzenhoroondo Vanyori uye panguva vanyori. Mitambo dzose, umo yaizivikanwa uye yotunga Artists kugoverana unyanzvi hwavo.