Chii chinonzi gungwa mhepo uye chii chinonzi gungwa ndiro rakaenzana naro?

Mumabhuku ekufamba kwegungwa kana mavambo, mune mafirimu pamusoro pevafambisi vezvikepe, mune zvinyorwa pamusoro penzvimbo yepamusoro uye munyaya huru pakati pevafambisi vezvikepe, izwi rokuti "nautical mile" rinowanzosvetuka. Yenguva yekuziva kuti ichi chiyero chekureba pakutakura chakaenzana nei, uye nei vafambisi vasingashandisi makiromita atinojaira.

Chii chinonzi 1 nautical mile?

Pakutanga, kukosha uku kwakaenzana nekureba kwe 1/60 degree arc yendenderedzwa pamusoro peNyika nechepakati yakabatana nepakati pepasi. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana tikacherechedza chero meridian, maleictical mile ichave Inenge yakaenzana nekureba kweminiti imwe yekuyera. Sezvo chimiro chePasi chakasiyana zvakasiyana neicho chebhora rakanaka, kureba kwemaminiti 1 edigiri yemerieri iri kuongororwa inogona kusiyanisa zvishoma zvichienderana nerutivi. Zvizhinji zvemafambi aya pamatanda ndea 1 861.6 m, uye zvishoma paan equator - 1842.9 m Kuti isakanganiswa, yakarongedzerwa kubatanidza kureba kwemairetta. Kureba kweminiti imwe yechidimbu kusvika kune 45º ye latitude (1852.2 m) yakatorwa sechikonzero. Iyi tsanangudzo yakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti mile yeaictical yakave yakakosha yekuverenga basa remhepo. Somuenzaniso, kana uchida kuenzanisa kure nemakiromita makumi maviri pamapu, zvino zvichakwanisa kuenzanisa nekukomberedza 20 arc maminitsi pane chero meridian inoratidzwa pamepu.

Kubvira muna 1954, muUnited States yakatanga kushandisa makiromita emakungwa emaodzanyemba (1852 m). Mukuita, inowanzotarisana kusvika mamita 1800. Zita rakasarudzwa remubatanidzwa uyu harina kumbobvumirwa. Dzimwe nguva pane kuderedza "nmi", "nm" kana "NM". Nenzira, "nm" ndiyo inowanzogamuchirwa zita re nanometer. 1/10 gungwa rekune dzimwe nyika maire = 1 kabha = 185.2 mamita. Uye makiromita matatu akaenzana ne 1 gungwa reague. MuUnited States, yakashandisa nguva zhinji kushandisa maira yeaotical, yakaenzana ne 1853 184 m. Muna 1929 musangano wenyika dzakawanda wakabatwa muMonaco wakabhadhara nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dze hydrography, umo urefu hwemaira yegungwa hwakagadzirirwa pa 1852.00 m. Usakanganwa kuti makiromita haasi gungwa chete, asiwo nyika. Muchiitiko ichi, kureba kwayo kunosvika 1,151 zvishoma kudarika gungwa.

Chii chinonzi ukama pakati pemakiromita egungwa uye node?

Mhepo yegungwa (nautical mile) kana, sezvinonzi dzimwe nguva inonzi, geographical kana kuti kufamba-shanduka, yakave yakawanda mune geography, aviation uye kufamba. Pfungwa yegungwa yegungwa, inoshandiswa mukufamba sezvinoitwa chikwata chekukurumidza, yakabatana zvikuru nayo. Node imwe inokwana maira imwe inofamba neawa yekufamba kwemudziyo. Zita rokuti "iroti" rinokonzerwa nekuti mumazuva akare mabhegi anoshandiswa kupima nguva. Yakanga iri gomba kana bhodhi nenzira yekatatu, iyo mutoro wakasungwa. Mutsara (tambo) wakasungirirwa kune anchore yakatenderera , apo node dzaive dzakasungirirwa mushure mokufamba kumwe. Irogi rakakandwa mugungwa, mushure mokunge nguva yakasarudzwa (kubva pamaminitsi 15 kusvika 1 miniti), yakaverengwa kuti vangani nodes vaizopinda mumvura.

Kune mavhesi akasiyana-siyana maererano nechokure pakati pe nodes. Vamwe vanofunga kuti iyo yakareba mamita manomwe (7.62 mamita), uye kana imwe node yakasara mumasekondi gumi nemashanu, yakazoguma yava imwe maira (100 ft / min). Maererano neshanduro yechipiri, node dzaisungirwa kuburikidza nemamita makumi mana nemasendimita 144018, uye nhamba yacho yakaenda mumasekondi makumi maviri nemana. Muchiitiko ichi, node imwe yakaratidza kufamba kwema 101.25 mamita / maminiti.

Tinotarisira kuti ikozvino hauzove nechinetso chekunzwisisa izwi remvura, uye makiromita ane nodes anozove akajeka semakiromita anowanzogara.