Chii chinonzi tsamba iyo inoratidzika?

Kana iwe wakatarisa retrospective, tsamba yakanyorwa mavara yakaonekwa zvakapfuura kupfuura mhemberero yemimhanzi, iyo zvino inofananidzira zvese zviripo. Zvechokwadi, zviri nyore kwazvo kunyora izvi kana nheyo iyi uchishandisa tsamba dzinowanzogara, panzvimbo peyo yose yakanyorwa netsamba pazvitsva zvishanu. Kazhinji kacho nzira iyi yakashandiswa nevaridzi vasiri vadzidzisi, avo vaingofanira kupfuurira basa ravo kune vamwe vanhu kana vanakomana. Zvose zvakafanana, vanyori vekare vaishandiswa chete nevashandi vemimhanzi, uye tsamba dzakashandiswa mumimhanzi chete sezviratidzo zvekubatsira.

Nhoroondo shomanana yemhanzi nheyo

Pakutanga, tsamba yakanyorwa mazita yakanyorwa nerubatsiro rwechiGiriki. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvinyorwa zvakadaro hazvina kuzadzika zvizere mazuva edu, saka hazvigone kutaurira chaizvo iyo tsamba yaiva chiratidzo cheicho kana icho chinyorwa. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi mushure mekunge, munguva yekare, mhere-mhere yakatanga kunyorwa nekubatsira kweLatin alphabet. Sangano rakadaro rinoshandiswa mumhando yaro yepakutanga uye isina kuchinja kusvikira nhasi. Zvinongova zvakakodzera kuziva kuti kuonekwa kwechimbo chakadai se pianoforte, chiyero ichi chakawedzera zvishoma, kureva kune rimwe chinyorwa. Kune vaimbi varo vaigara muzana remakore rechi18, vakatouya kare nechinangwa chemafabheti chekare, chakanga chisati chiri pane zvakanyorwa kare.

Tsamba dzipi dzinonyora manotsi

Iye zvino ngationei kuti tsamba idzi dzakagadziriswa sei netsamba, uye tichaedza (ndiani anoda) kuyeuka izvi zvakatevedzana. Saka, iyo yakareba zvikuru-C chikuru, inotanga nezita rimwechete remutsara Do, iyo iri muchiLatin yakanyorwa seC (ce). Iye zvino funga zvakasara zvitanhatu zvakanyorwa kuti: re-D (de), mi-E (e), fa-F (ef), munyu-G (ge), -A (a), B- . Chikonzero nei B yakadzika, uye kwete C chete, semuenzaniso mukuru wepanyama? Mhinduro yacho iri nyore: pakutanga chimiro chezviridzwa zvose zve keyboard (harpsichord, clavichord) zvakanga zvakadai kuti inzwi rechinomwe rakanga risati riri rekuita danho rechinomwe rekubatana kukuru, sezvatakagara tichizvinzwa, asi pasi. Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo gamma yakadaro yaifungidzirwa yakarurama, uye naizvozvo nokuda kwekupedzisira kwezwi, sevamwe vose, tsamba yakagadzirwa. Apo piyano yakaonekwa, zita B reB flat rakaramba rakafanana, uye nokuda kwe "chinyorwa" chinyorwa C chakakonzerwa netsamba H (ha).

Zvimwe zvose zvakadzika uye zvakapinza

Muimbi wese anoziva kuti chiratidzo chakakosha chinomutsa chero chinyorwa nehafu, uye chakapwanyika, zvakakodzera, chinochikanda nehafu imwechete. Muchiitiko ichi, tsamba yekunyorwa kwemashoko inochinja zvishoma, kana kuti zvinopfuurira, zvichienderana nechiratidzo chipi chatinosarudza. Nokuda kwezvakaoma, kuguma nde (ndiko), iyo inonzi yakanyorwa netsamba inofananidzira chirevo, uye yepafuti is es (es). Saka, zvinosvika kuti Fa Diez ndeye Fis, uye Re Bemol ndiDhe. Asi zvakakosha kukuyeuka kuti pane zvakasiyana kune mutemo uyu, uye isu tava kuzozviona zvino. Muchiyero chedu kune zvinyorwa zviviri zvakanyorwa mumakashaya: mi-E, la-A. Kana uchida kutaura kuti Mi Deezzes kana La Diez, zvino tinonyora zvakasimba maererano nemitemo - Eis uye Ais. Kana iri kuuya kumakamuri, ipapo kushandiswa kunoshandiswa, kunoita seA, Es. C Bemol, sezvatinoyeuka, inotsanangurwa netsamba B, uye C-Diez (iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mumagwaro) yakanyorwa maererano nekutonga kwake.

Nguva uye zvidimbu mumimhanzi

Nhasi, tsamba yekunyorwa kwemashoko haisati yashandiswa nenzira imwecheteyo sepakutanga, kureva, kwete seyo nzira chete yekuendesa ruzivo rwemimhanzi. Iye zvino nerubatsiro rwezvi "zvinyorwa" zvenguva uye zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, zvinoreva uye kugadzirwa izvo muimbi wese anofanira kuziva. Zvisinei, inofanira kuonekwa kuti nokuda kwekucherechedza kwemukati, nhamba dzinoshandiswa zvakare dzinoreva nhamba yezvinyorwa zvakavharwa navo. Somuenzaniso, chechitatu-nguva, iyo inotora matanho matatu, yakaverengwa 3. Septima inosvika matanho manomwe uye yakanyorwa zvakananga ichi chiyero. Kazhinji kacho, sayenzi yakadaro inodzidziswa mune zvikoro zvemimhanzi mune zvidzidzo zve solfeggio, kuitira kuti vana vanzwisise kuti mimhanzi yakavakwa sei. Mune zvinyorwa, zvisinei, zvinenge zvisingabviri kuwana zvinyorwa zvakafanana. Uyewo cherechedza kuti tsamba yakanyorwa mazita epiyano inodzidziswawo nechinangwa chekufunga. Nheyo dzevane pianist hadzina zvinhu zveLatin alphabet.

Nziyo dzemimhanzi kune zvimwe zviridzwa

Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, tsamba dzinoshandiswawo kuratidzira zvinyorwa, kunyanya kana zvichisvika pamanotsi ane zviridzwa zvine tambo. Kana kusimbiswa kwepiyano iri purogiramu, saka kune mashomanana mashoma mumanyorwa acho, pachava nemhando dzakawanda, uye dzinoda kunyorwa zvakanyanyisa zvakajeka. Ndicho chikonzero kusarudzwa kwemashoko pitare ndiyo rudzi rwekudzorera vose vanotanga vaimbi. Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvitsvene pane mabhuku makuru uye maduku, badges, izvo, zvinoratidzika, zvinogona kuvhiringidza, asi chaizvoizvo zvinhu zvose zviri nyore. Kana iwe uchida kutamba hukama hukuru, huchagara uchiratidzwa netsamba inowedzera (C - C huru). Kana mwana muduku achifungidzirwa, ipapo tsamba duku inoshandiswa uye chiLatin m (am-La Minor) inonzi iyo. Zvose zvitsva zvinodzidziswa mumutauro wekudzidza, uye, tenda ini, hazvisi nyore kuvakanganwa.