Chii chisina kutsetseka velocity uye sei rinowanikwa?

Kazhinji, kana vanhu kutaura nezvekutama, isu kufungidzira chinhu chinofamba nenzira yakarurama mutsetse. Kumhanya rwokufamba ichi inonzi Linear, uye kuverenga yaro avhareji mutengo iri nyore: zvakatikwanira kuwana nhamba daro vakafamba panguva iyo yakanga kukundwa muviri. Kana chinhu inodedera achitevedza sekamufarenzi, muchiitiko ichi handichagarizve pakutsvaga Linear uye chisina kutsetseka velocity. Rudzii kukosha uye sei rinowanikwa? Izvi chete vanotaura munyaya ino.

Chisina kutsetseka velocity: pfungwa uye mutoo

Kana vakawanda pfungwa inofamba pamusoro sekamufarenzi kumhanya kwayo rwokufamba zvinogona dzinoratidzwa pakona kuti vachishandisa kutenderera nharaunda unobatanidza kubvongodzwa chinhu pamwe nepakati denderedzwa. Zviri pachena kuti nhamba iri dzichichinja zvichienderana nenguva. The rapidity nako iyi kunoitika, uye hapana mumwe kupfuura chisina kutsetseka velocity. Nemamwe mashoko, nhamba nokutsauka pamusoro nharaunda Vector ari chinhu kusvikira kureba kwenguva zvaida kuita chinhu ichi kutenderera. Chisina kutsetseka velocity Formula (1) inogona kunyorwa muchimiro:

W = φ / t, apo:

φ - akatendeuka angled chikuva,

T - panguva kutenderera.

Unit yakayerwa

Munyika dzakawanda hurongwa kwakajairika dzakabatana (SI) nokuti characterization ose muchichinjana kushandisa radians. Saka, 1 rad / s - inokosha Unit, iro rinoshandiswa kukarukureta pamusoro chisina kutsetseka velocity. Panguva iyoyowo, hapana unorambidza kushandiswa rworwendo (ona kuti mumwe rad yakaenzana 180 / Pi, kana 57˚18 '). Uyewo, chisina kutsetseka velocity chinogona kutaurwa nhamba nokumukirana paminiti kana pasekondi yoga yoga. Kana sangano kunoitika noruvara vakakomba sekamufarenzi, ukoshi ichi chinogona kuwanika kubva (2) nzira:

W = 2π * N,

apo N - nokukurumidza.

Zvikasadaro, sezvo zvinoitwa nokuda kwomuzvarirwo akurumidze, ngaaverenge avhareji kana nguva imwe chisina kutsetseka nokukurumidza. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pamusoro chinhu vector uwandu. Kuti usarudze nhungamiro dzaro yemanyorero kushandisa ruoko rwerudyi kutonga, iro rinowanzoshandiswa wefizikisi. The chisina kutsetseka velocity Vector zvigunwe zvakafanana divi, apo mberi kwebasa iri sikuruu kubva kurudyi shinda. Mune mamwe manzwi, chinotungamirwa pamwe akabatana pakavakirwa muviri, nenzira iyo kutenderera chinoonekwa kuitika Anti-Kutenderera.

mienzaniso kukarukureta

Ngatitii unoda kusarudza chii Linear uye chisina kutsetseka velocity vhiri, kana inozivikanwa kuti ayo dhayamita yakaenzana imwe meter, uye rotational angled kuchinja maererano nomutemo φ = 7t. Tinoshandisa fomura redu rokutanga:

W = φ / t = 7t / t = 7 p ^-1.

Ndicho zvaida chisina kutsetseka velocity. Zvino ngatiendei kuwana zvatinosiita nokukurumidza, isu kufamba. Sezvaunoziva, v = s / t. Sezvo That kwatiri - munhu sekamufarenzi pakati vhiri (l = 2π * R), uye 2π - imwe azere chimurenga, zvinotevera inotengwa:

v = 2π * R / t = W * R = 7 * 0.5 = 3.5 m / S

Hechino chimwe basa panyaya iyi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti pasi nharaunda iri mudunhu rinowanzopisa akaenzana 6370 makiromita. Kuti zvionekwe kuti Linear uye chisina kutsetseka kumhanya inofamba pfungwa pamusoro zvakafanana ichi, kunoitika pamusana vachishandisa kutenderera redu iri kwayo akabatana. Muchiitiko chino, tinofanira wechipiri inonyatsoita:

W = 2π * n = * 3.14 * 2 (1 / ( 24 * 3600)) = 7.268 * 10 -5 rad / s.

Zvazvinosarira kusarudza chii Linear velocity: v = W * R = 7,268 * 10 ⁵ * 6370 * 1000 = 463 m / s.