Chiitiko yokuzvidzora induction - kukuvadza uye zvakanakira

Izwi induction kunoreva dzinowanikwa zvemagetsi kuitika mu namahwindo zvemagetsi redunhu kana anoiswa ari kuchinja rinobva nekubudisa. Zarura remagetsi induction anenge mazana maviri nemakore chete ago Michael Faraday. Zvakanaka pamberi aigona kuita Andre Ampere, vakaperekedza kuedza dzakafanana. Zvinonzi akaiswa mugomba coils simbi tsvimbo uye ipapo, ndicho munyama, vakapinda imwe kamuri kutarira galvanometer - uye pakarepo iye anomutsa. A tsono zvakanaka kuita basa rayo - kunge arambwa, asi kusvikira Ampere atandira dzimba - shure razero. Iri ndiro Chiitiko anozvipira Kutemeswa anovandira kwemamwe makore gumi kusvikira coils chikwata uye mutsvakurudzi panguva iyoyo ichava panzvimbo chaiyo.

Pfungwa huru yetsvakurudzo uyu kuti induction EMF kunoitika chete kana remagineti achipfuura namahwindo loop kuchinja. Asi iwe unogona kuchinja nayo sezvo uchifarira - kana kushandura kukosha remagineti, kana kungoita kufambisa kwaibva dzesango hama zvakafanana namahwindo loop. Emf iyo unovapo pano, yainzi "EMF yakawiriranwa." Asi kuti kwaingova kutanga Zvakawanikwa pasango induction. Kunyange zvakawanda zvinoshamisa aiva Chiitiko anozvipira induction, iyo rakazaruka Dzhozef Genri panenge iyoyowo. In kuedza ake, kwakaonekwa kuti remagineti pamusoro coils harisi chete kufurira munhu kuitika mune imwe coils, asiwo kana magetsi ari coils induces mairi okuwedzera EMF. Pano zviri chete kunzi kuzvidzora Kutemeswa EMF. The zvemagetsi mananara kufarira kukuru achitungamirirwa ano. Zvakaitika kuti nyaya anozvipira Kutemeswa EMF ayo ano iri kunangana "mubereki" ayo - magetsi kwakakonzerwa huru EMF.

Uye unogona kuchengeta Chiitiko yokuzvidzora induction? Sezvo shoko rinobuda, hapana nyore. Unganai zviviri matunhu: wokutanga - nguva zvaisanganisira inductor uye rambi, uye wechipiri - chete girobhu racho. Batanidza navo bhatiri vachishandisa huru chinja. Kana chakaita, unogona kuona kuti chiedza girobhu racho mudunhu pamwe coils anotendeuka "nyongoroka" uye chiedza yechipiri, nokukurumidza "riri kuwedzera", Anovhura pakarepo. Chii chiri kuitika? In zvose matunhu pashure magetsi anotanga iyerere, uye zvichisiyana razero ayo kunonyanyisa, uye sezvo nguva kuchinja kuitika uye inomira nokuda coils kuti zvinowanisa vaizviita induction electromotive simba. Pane EMF uye dunhu up - zvinoreva kuti pane aro ano, asi akatungamirira nayo pakatarisana huru remudunhu ano, iyo pakupedzisira anosvika kunonyanyisa ukoshi pakutsvaga redunhu parameters, uye kumisa achikura, uye kana pasina shanduko ano - hapana kuzvidzora Kutemeswa EMF. Hazvina nyore. A zvakafanana, asi pamwe chete "chaiyo pakatarisana", akacherechedza kana iwe kudzima magetsi. Sebasa "tsika yakaipa" kukurira shanduko chero zviri kuitika, kuzvidzora vakafurira EMF anochengetedza mvura yacho iri mudunhu pashure simba dzikaita kure.

Pakarepo kukavapo mubvunzo - chii chinonakidza yokuzvidzora induction? Zvakaonekwa kuti kuzvipira induction electromotive simba kunokanganisa mwero shanduko kuitika mune muitisi uye anogona kunyorwa:

E = L • Di / DT

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vaizviita induction electromotive simba E iri Proportional kune mwero kuchinja Di / DT uye ano Proportional coefficient L, kuti kutaurwa inductance zvakananga. Nokuti mupiro wake kudzidza mubvunzo, chii chinonakidza anozvipira induction, Dzhordzh Genri akakomborerwa nokuti zita rake riri chairema nokuyerwa inductance - Henry (H). Kuti inductance ano chokubuda redunhu anosarudza kuti Chiitiko yokuzvidzora induction. Mumwe anogona kufungidzira kuti inductance - rudzi "kuchengetwa" kuti rinobva simba. Kana kuwedzera kuitika mudunhu magetsi simba iri dzikwanise rinobva kuitika retards kukura, uye kana mamiriro ose coils iri rinobva simba iri dzikwanise zvemagetsi simba uye anoramba magetsi mudunhu.

Zvichida, mumwe nomumwe aifanira kuona sesasaradzi kana iwe kudzima chivhariso parusvingo panosangana - ichi ndicho chimiro kuratidzwa kuzvida Kutemeswa EMF muupenyu chaihwo. Asi muupenyu hwezuva nezuva anozarura kunonyanyisa kwazvino 10-20 A uye yokutanga nguva msec anenge 20. Kana inductance anenge 1 GN kuzvidzora vakafurira EMF mune iyi ichava akaenzana 500 W. Zvaizoratidza sokuti mubvunzo, chii kuzvipira induction Fani haasi kunzwisisa. Uye chokwadi, kuzvidzora vakafurira EMF iguru unyanzvi kwakaoma. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti kana dunhu rakazaruka kana vokukurukura havachisiri dziripo, inotsigira ano kuerera kuzvipira inductance, iyo inotungamirira kunopisa neshamwari, nekuti ari Nzira kuti nokuchinja redunhu pamwe dzenzvimbo mazana uye kunyange zviuru amperes. Pano tiri kutaura kazhinji kuzvidzora akanyengera EMF ari makumi ezviuru volts, uye izvi zvinoda mamwe kugadzirisa michina nyaya chokuita RINOFAMBIRA mune magetsi matunhu.

Asi kwete vose vakaipa. Zvinoitika kuti ichi inokuvadza EMF chaizvo, somuenzaniso, mune womukati injini kuvesa enyika. Hurongwa kwakadaro une imwe inductor muchimiro ane autotransformer uye Chopper. Zvinonzi vakayambuka chikuru ichitenderera uno, izvo Anoshandura kubva Chopper. Somugumisiro, mumwe mutariri rakazaruka rikaitika kuzvidzora induction EMF mazana volts (the bhatiri anopa 12b zvose). Ipapo voltage iri mberi kushandurwa, uye ane kupomba kupfuura 10 KV nokuda chimvari kuvesa.