Chii hachizi? The-siyana zvatinosiita zvinoreva mashoko

Chinenge shoko ose anoshandiswa pakutaura kwezuva nezuva, pane dzimwe tsika kuti vari kushandiswa zvichienderana akapoteredza. Vamwe vavo nevakawanda, nepo vamwe vari tisingatauri Encyclopedic, kana nderechinyakare uye akanganwa nevanhu vakawanda.

The chikuru zvinoreva shoko

Yokuzvifungidzira zvakaita zvizivikanwe, unofanira nguva dzose funga ezvinhu umo ivo taura. Parizvino, shoko iri chokuita kukosha zvinhu. Zvikurukuru, Ushakov Dictionary rinorondedzera sezvinotevera:

1. Postal chiratidzo kusimbisa kuripwa vachibhadharisa pakuchinja nokupfuuridzirwa tsamba kana mumapasuru pane imwe kure.
2. Vanozivikanwa chiratidzo kana chidhindo pamusoro chigadzirwa kuti rakagadzirirwa kukurumidza kuziva vatengi uye personalization zvigadzirwa.
3. Zita mari dzaishandiswa, uye lunge panguva dzakasiyana-siyana pamusoro munharaunda Germany, Estonia uye Finland. KuMiddle Ages muEurope, anonzi mari inorema goridhe yairema kusvika 8 Ounces.

Chero mutauro, unogona kuona imwe zvinoreva shoko "muchiso" kuti iri XXI remakore. akanganwa. Somuenzaniso, vaiongorora XVIII-XIX emakore. saka akadana Range danda kana mumwe semhanza kuti kuverenga yacho.

Origin uye maitiro zvetsamba

Kazhinji kacho, kusarudza chii zvizivikanwe, kwaimiririra chiratidzo akaronga nokuda kwokuripirwa mari kuti nokutuma tsamba. Akazviratidza muBritain ari XIX remakore., Kana nyika vakasarudza zvachose kutsakatiswe kuvhiringidzika pamwe paishandiswa basa. Pfungwa ndowava Rowland Hill, uyo muna 1847 nyaya hurumende pamwe panyaya kubatirira mabha- zvinhu uye pave chete mutero kuti zvinyorwa munyika yose. Pashure 3 years, kureva 10 January 1840, Parliament kushandisa mutemo tsamba, uye kwapera mwedzi mishomanana iri UK kutanga kufamba yokutanga chidhindo chenyika - chimedu rima pepa mufananidzo Queen Victoria, akagamuchira dzakakurumbira aizivikanwa se "dhenari dema".

Pashure pemakore chete 10, munyika dzinenge dzose achava yayo chitambi mavanga, uye muna 1878, Wezvose. Postal Union yakatangwa. Vakapinda nyika yake vakabvumirana rwakafanana mutero uye chokuendesa tsamba. Saka, nokuda duku papepa daro pakati vanhu shoma zvikuru.

Stamps - chikamu tsika nerimwe nyika. Ivo anobudiswa kune asingakanganwiki misi kana zviitiko zvinokosha, achibatsirwa wavo "kukurudzira" nzvimbo uye zvinokwezva, kutaura pamusoro Pachivanhu uye kubhadhara mutero kunoshamisa vanhu - masayendisiti, mauto mhare, vatambi. Pakupera yacho XIX remakore. kunyange "mutauro rudo" chaiyo akasikwa apo nzvimbo chiratidzo pamusoro hamvuropu aigona kuva kuziva kana dai.

Muzana XXI remakore. vanhu kutaurirana kakawanda pafoni kana paIndaneti. Zvisinei, vehurumende dzichiri kutumira tsamba, uye uwandu philatelists (chidhindo vateresi kujairika) iri kuwedzera.

Kunyanya trademarks uye mavanga

In daily kurapwa kazhinji shoko "kutengesa (musika) muchiso." Zvaraireva mu pfungwa iyi zvinoita sezvo munhu kuona okuti ari mugadziri upi chigadzirwa. Pfungwa wakakura chaizvo uye zvingasanganisira yemakambani mavara, Logos, manyorerwo kambani, trademarks , uye zvichingodaro. Chinowanzoonekwa vaiona nerokuti pamwe muchiso. Zvisinei, yokupedzisira asingadi kureva kuremara, asi chete kudiwa uye akakurumbira pakati vatengi. Somuenzaniso, bhutsu "Gucci" - iri hachizi, zvishoma-anozivikanwa shangu "Krapivinskii Kalinka" - vanozivikanwa.

Uyezve, shoko pacharo anogona kushandiswa kurondedzera chimwe chigadzirwa - waini, chizi, chocolate uye zvichingodaro. Kazhinji, rinoshandiswa kusimbisa chinokosha unhu uye exclusivity.

Kutsanangura zvazvinoreva unotara nhumbi, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti chete vakanyorwa zita kwakadaro kunogona kunzi. Kureva, yakatarwa zviratidzo chero fuma anofanira wakabudiswa rinokosha mvumo - munhu bvumidzwa. Izvi zvakajairika kuti nyika dzose.

mari

Kwenguva refu, achiudza chii muchiso, vanhu kwaireva mari vamwe nyika. Zvikurukuru, kuGermany, muna Ages yaiva chikamu Holy hweRoma, kwenguva refu akafamba hombe goridhe mari - hachizi. Muna 1870, panguva dzemari kuchinja, wakatangwa sezvo chete mari. Muzana XX remakore. muchiso anogadzirwa chimiro Banknotes uye mari. Mushure Second World War, nyika yakakamurwa mu 2 zvikamu (frg uye GDR), asi zita hachina kuchinja. With pamusika mari German hachizi chakasara 2002, yatsiviwa kweeuro.

Saizvozvowo ainzi mari muFinland (kusvikira 2002), Estonia (kubvira muna 1918 kusvika 1928) uye muBosnia and Herzegovina.

Yechinyakare kana underutilized tsika

Language vanhu mapurasitiki chaizvo, uye zvinorehwa nemashoko kusanduka nenguva. Achiti kuti chiratidzo chakadaro, anogona kutaurwa kuti kuMiddle Ages muEurope kunorevei neshoko duku revatongi nhaka (nhaka vanakomana vaduku), kuti administrative pfungwa pamuganhu, kumaruwa nharaunda pamwe zvakajairika mafuro uye masango.

MuRussia, vanonzi zviratidzo vaiongorora uye vaiongorora, akapesanisa zviitiko zvinokosha tichigadzira migwagwa uye nendiro dzacho kuti vatengesi duku nhumbi achipfuura muruwa - uunissa.