Chii stagflation? Achitaura zveupfumi pezvakaitwa

Chii chiri "stagflation" iri upfumi? Izvi izwi iri gadziriro iri macroeconomic hurongwa zvinoreva mashoko pezvakaitwa ari muchimiro upfumi kurega kunotanga. Stagflation anosanganisa zvaiva dzinoparadza urongwa uye chokwadi, mifananidzo yamarudzi ose ezvinokambaira zvoupfumi. Uye pasinei nokuti mitengo iri mwero chinhu chaicho rinodhaka kune zveupfumi masangano, uye akaoma kukura - mhaka pokuwa yose inoti.

Nhoroondo kwaita stagflation

Izwi kutanga aonekwa Great Britain, pavakanga pakutanga yakataurawo Stagflationary kwendangariro. Vasati kuti, ivo cyclical kukura hwenyika yakanga dzinoratidzwa kuwa muna mitengo panguva kudzikira uye mwoyo upfumi. Around kuguma 60-ies ose XX remakore vakatanga kubuda pachena siyanei (pakatarisana) mufananidzo, rwakazokura kuzivikanwa stagflation. Bright zvakakwana, akawana tsanangudzo yacho muUnited States munguva kudzikira okuwana, kana kukura mwero kuti mitengo semubairo inosimuka mitengo yakanga anenge 1%. Upfumi fluctuates mu Zvinonzi nokuchinja kuitika pakati kurega kunotanga, dzinoratidzwa anowira mitengo, urovha uye pasi zvoupfumi kukura uye mitengo, iyo pamwe chete zvikuru akatarisana kwendangariro.

Achiratidza, tinogona kutaura kuti stagflation zvinoreva pezvakaitwa, ayo kuburikidza ndichifumira mitengo uye yakakwirira dzinoratidzwa kwemabasa prices ane mawa kushayikwa zvoupfumi kukura.

The chikuru Zviratidzo stagflation

Saka, chii stagflation uye chii zvinoita zvinopupurira parinowanika? Zviri, chokutanga, mamiriro upfumi, iyo inogona kurondedzerwa se mwoyo. Chechipiri, kufambira kuwedzera urovha. Chechitatu, kufambira mitengo munyika, uyewo kuderedza currency mumusika dzakawanda.

Chii stagflation, yakasvika pakuzivikanwa ari 70s remakore rechimakumi maviri. Munguva iyi mwoyo vari upfumi vakanga vaine mumwe rutapudzo kuti mitengo (izvi anonzi - "deflation"). Zvinokuchengetedzai kutaura kuti paiva kumbonyanya ichangopfuura pfungwa "stagflation", tsanangudzo rinogona kudonongodzwa sezvinotevera. Izvi yedambudziko iri upfumi imwe mhando hutsva, achiperekedzwa kushayikwa mari kubva vemo uye vakaderera rokutenga simba. Asi nokukurumidza mitengo kumuka.

Zviratidzo izvi zviri pedyo zvikuru chokuita wokuRussia upfumi remakore rechi21, kuwa National mari (the Ruble), basa rutapudzo pamberi zvavo upfumi paanochinja. Kubva pane izvi, nezvoupfumi rinogumisa kuti pane ngozi stagflation muna Russian Federation. Zvisinei, vaongorori dzakawanda vanofunga kuti kwakadaro stagflation, ziva zvinenge zvose zvichiitika upfumi.

The zvinokonzera stagflation

Pakati zvinogona kukonzera stagflation, masayendisiti ndedzinotevera:

- soro monopolization hwenyika (chindingindingi mitengo hunogona kuchengetedzwa artificially pasi vanoshorwa ezvinhu, Entrepreneurs kazhinji pasi ezvinhu yakaisvonaka makwikwi vanomanikidzwa kuderedza mitengo pa mwoyo upfumi);

- Various Anti-dambudziko matanho, izvo dziri upenyu mamiriro muchimiro paruzhinji zvokuvakisa artificially kuwedzera vade uye vamwe mutengo murau kuitira kudzivirira Russian mugadziri;

- Nyika hwenyika (somuenzaniso, imwe pfungwa kutsanangura kuwedzera kubva mitengo mwero kwemabasa munyika upfumi muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, sezvo panowanikwa vamwe inoti mune dzakawanda zvinogona kazhinji kukonzera nyonganyonga iri Russian upfumi);

- kuvapo inflationary zvomurayiro vaburitsi;

- simba-ukama nematambudziko.

Saka, tinogona kuona kuti iyi yemari chinoshamisa vakakurumbira nezvoupfumi uye masayendisiti asi haana kuwana nzira yako kusvikira pakuguma.

Wavelike mananara stagflation

Fani iyi ndiyo tsika sezvo nokukurumidza kubuda uye nokukurumidza kunyangarika. The chete pfungwa pamusoro izvo zvose nyanzvi zvavakagoverwa nemaonero - stagflation ane chete migumisiro yakaipa.

Stagflation nemigumisiro yayo

Sezvo kare akaratidza, chiitiko ichi zvoupfumi dzinoratidzwa kunyanya nokuda inokanganisa upfumi webasa zvidzidzo.
It chingamisa chero zvoupfumi, zviri kugonawo afunge kusachengeteka kukuru dambudziko iri upfumi upenyu hwevanhu. In inokurukurwawo sezvo huru nemigumisiro:

- kuderedza nemagariro vagari;

- kuvapo dambudziko iri basa pamusika;

- social kusachengeteka vamwe Mapato: zvirema, pensioners uye vashandi vehurumende;

- rutapudzo zvakanaka migumisiro kushanda zvemari uye zvikwereti hurongwa;

- kuderedza huwandu GDP.