Vagari Irkutsk wayo emuchina kwemakore. Ethnic munharaunda yeguta

Irkutsk - guru guta kuSiberia, iri 60 chete kubva yakakurumbira Lake Baikal. Chii vanhu Irkutsk? Sei Ndachinja? The vamiririri mamwe marudzi uye vemarudzi achizogaramo guta rino nhasi?

Irkutsk: uwandu hwevanhu uye nharaunda

Irkutsk - huru East Siberian guta riri pamahombekombe Angara River. Izvi zvinokosha muzinda dzidzo munyika ine vakawanda tsika uye mapurani sezvivako. Irkutsk - nhoroondo guta. chinokosha rawo nokukurumidza kuwedzera ndandanda UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The guta ndokwenguva nzvimbo 277 mativi makiromita. Nhamba Irkutsk kwevanhu - vanhu vanenge zviuru 625 (sekune 2016). Saka, yevagari arambe achirema muguta riri vanhu 2,250. / Sq km, nharaunda.

Pedyo napedyo zvimwe zviviri guta: Shelekhov uye Angarsk. Pamwe chete Irkutsk idzowo anonzi Irkutsk agglomeration, sezvamakaropafadzwa yakaomerera vanenge 40% of zvachose nevanhu munharaunda. Agglomeration akatanga kubuda yechipiri yezana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Kuwanda Vagari Irkutsk vaviri mumaguta kwomwedzi vanhu mamiriyoni 1,1 kubva.

guta Administrative rakakamurwa ina miganhu dzakabatana - maruwa (Sverdlovsk, Oktyabrsky, Leninsky uye Right Bank). The kupfuura nevakabva yoruwa Sverdlovsk. Zviri musha vanopfuura zviuru 200 vanhu.

How kushandura yevagari veguta?

Irkutsk rakaumbwa yechipiri yezana XVII remakore. Kana uchitenda "mabhuku munyori" nokuda 1686, vagari veguta pakutanga misha kubva siyana nzvimbo umambo. Somuenzaniso, pakati pavo vakanga Muscovites, vanhu vaibva Ustyug, Pinega, Yenisey, muPskov, uye kunyange Ukrainian mumwe. Mumakore gore XVII remakore nhamba Irkutsk vemo kare vakasvika kuvanhu 1000.

Nokuda kwayo nenzvimbo chinzvimbo, guta rakakura uye yakatanga nokukurumidza. In pakati XIX remakore muna Irkutsk, paiva nevanhu vanenge 25 zviuru, uye pakazopera remakore iroro, nhamba yacho kusvika kaviri. The kunonyanyisa kusvetuka mu hwevanhu vari Irkutsk yaiitwa muna 30-ies ose XX remakore. Panguva ino, guta "yawana" vanhu vanenge 20 zviuru pagore.

The kunonyanyisa Vagari guta hwakanyorwa muna 1991 - 641 000 vanhu. Mumazana matambudziko ari '90s uye yokutanga makore masere kwemireniyumu itsva, iye akaramba. Asi kubva 2009 vanhu Irkutsk riri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma.

Ethnic nenzanga Irkutsk

City nguva dzose aiva nani yakavhenganiswa dzinza maumbirwo vagari vemo. The kupfuura vakawanda vari Irkutske rupi muchiRussia (85%). Vari akateverwa Buryats, izvo pane pfuurei 2%. Madzinza, vane nhamba Irkutsk vanhu vanopfuura 2,000 - Ukrainians, Tatars, Kyrgyz, Azerbaijanis uye vokuArmenia.

Matanda akazviratidza muguta iri 1860s. Pakati pavo paiva zhinji matarenda masayendisiti uye tsika nenhamba. Ndiyo mari wePolish nharaunda Irkutsk chinhu chakanaka chiNazi Gothic chechi dzvuku chidhinha yakavakwa muna 1881. Kusvikira nhasi, guta rine tsika muzinda Polish "Flint."

Mucherechedzo zvikuru nhoroondo uye tsika guta vakasiya mbiri dzemadzinza munharaunda - vaJudha uye Poles. In pakati XIX remakore Irkutsk yakaumbwa Jewish nyuchi zvikuru simba. Ivo yakabatana isiri vakagara mukati ano mumugwagwa Karla Libknehta. Irkutsk vaJudha ainyanya kuita zvokutengeserana, bhizimisi uye mishonga. Zviya, uyu kwaaigara uye aishanda mbiri ophthalmologist, purofesa Jewish mavambo zG Franz Kamenetz.