Tyumen nharaunda hwevanhu: tsananguro, nhamba, basa uye dzinza sezvamunoita

Tyumen dunhu - mumwe kumatunhu pakukura Russia. Nhoroondo yaro, zvoupfumi uye maitiro nevamwe. Chikonzero ichi, pakutanga kwezvose, vagari venyika Tyumen nharaunda. Vagari nharaunda zvisingapindirani dzavo wevanotungamirira nemagariro maitiro. We tsanangura huru zviri nzvimbo uye vagari vemo.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Nharaunda iri seri Ural mumaguta West Siberian Plain, nharaunda yayo akatambanudza kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba mhiri yose rakafara Russia. Nharaunda ndiyo nzvimbo nharaunda wechitatu munyika, izvozvo anopindura 1.435.000 mativi makiromita Tyumen mudunhu bordered ne Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk, Omsk, Tomsk uye kuKurgan munzvimbo Komi Republic uye Krasnoyarsk nharaunda.

Vagari of Tyumen nharaunda musha mupfumi uye siyana nyika mundima yacho unogona kuona mapazi kweArctic murenje, achinaya mvura uye masango anogara achinaya mvura, taiga, masango vakavhengana, dondo-inowanzorimwa uye inowanzorimwa. Relief uyewo siyana: kubva pamapani kusvikira kumakomo diki.

Nzvimbo iri akafuma kwazvo siyana zvokushandisa. Kune guru reserves mvura yakachena munharaunda ine zvinopfuura 70,000 madhamu uye vanopfuura zviuru 580? Km nzizi siyana. The pakukura ndivo Irtysh uye Ob. Vazhinji munyika nedunhu riri kuchizvivanza masango, matanda reserves of Tyumen nharaunda anopindura 3rd nzvimbo munyika. In nharaunda iyi vari pfungwa huru reserves negasi uye mafuta Russia, uyewo akakura deposits ose peat zvinowanikwa, dzokubudisa mabwe anokosha, kutungamirira, chromite uye mhangura.

Check History

Vagari vokutanga muna Tyumen nharaunda akazviratidza 40 zviuru zvemakore akapfuura, runoratidzwa matongo kupikidura Data. Wokutanga Vagari ari Tyumen nharaunda vakanga anongofamba. Akagadzirisa vagari kuonekwa kunopera zvakakwana muna 13-16 emakore, dzakagara Tyumen Khanate, chine Tatars uye Kerayit. Muzana remakore rechi16, hurumende yeRussia akatanga kuvaka pano Tyumen mujeri, uye gare gare nzvimbo yayo kwakamuka guta Tobolsk. Muzana remakore rechi18 rakava guta guru guru Siberian province. Kazhinji pasi pakabvunda siyana enyika nemhirizhonga, asi zviremera zvemo vakakwanisa kurarama navo.

Mushure Revolution, izvozvo dzichengeterwe varwi General Alexander Kolchak, uye chete muna 1919 imomo akanga pakupedzisira yakasimbiswa simba Soviet, guta guru mudunhu inova Tyumen. Kubvira 1944, nharaunda huripo zvayo pamiganhu aripo.

Climate uye zvakatipoteredza

Nharaunda iri muna redistribution anoverengeka okunze zones: chando, kunyunguduka kuchamhembe uye vakadzikama-Continental uye zvikuru - pakati uye kumaodzanyemba. Vazhinji ndima ndowenyika mapazi nokushayiwa okunze, pamwe refu, dzechando inotonhora uye pfupi, inotonhorera yechirimo. In yechando, tembiricha yokuchamhembe iri pakati vakaramba nzvimbo nhamba kubvisa madhigirii 29 muzhizha - plus anenge 7. rwezasi January, ari lämpömittari rinoratidza avhareji kubvisa 18 madhigirii July - plus 20. kuchamhembe, kunyange muzhizha pasi thaws kwete kupfuura 1 mita.

Nharaunda Falls zvikuru zvakawanda kunonaya - 600 mm pagore, mwedzi wettest ndiye July, kana mapopoma anosvika 20% deposits zvose. The chando inofukidza kuchamhembe kunotora 8 kusvika 10 mwedzi, kumaodzanyemba - vanenge 6.

Zvinhu kwezvakatipoteredza haisi chaizvo zvakanaka munzvimbo. Industrial uye kuchera makambani hanya kwezvakatipoteredza, nhamba iri kuwedzera motokari zvakare inokanganisa mhepo yakachena, kunewo chinetso kurasa mhuri uye nemaindasitiri. Region Administration ari kuedza siyana kugadzirisa zvinetso izvi, asi chero kusvibiswa mhepo uye mvura, kunyanya mu Tyumen, anomutsa zvaimunetsa.

The administrative-miganhu weboka nzvimbo uye vanogara kuparadzirwa

Maererano ichangobva miganhu weboka nharaunda kubva 1993, izvozvo rinoumbwa mumatunhu 38 uye maguta 26. Kudeuka guta riri guta guru nharaunda, apo 720,000 vanhu vararame. Misha kupfuura nharaunda ndeyakewo Surgut (350 zviuru vanhu), Nizhnevartovsk (270 zviuru vanhu), Nefteyugansk (125 zviuru vanhu), Novy Urengoy (111 zviuru vanhu) uye November (110 zviuru vanhu).

About 77% yevanhu anogara mumadhorobha nzvimbo, pane muitiro kuwedzera vagari nokuda water drainage vagari kubva mumisha. The arambe achirema of Tyumen nharaunda ndimo 2.4 vanhu por mativi kiromita, riri pakati 75 kumatunhu Russian. zvachose pasingagarwi nechekuchamhembe nharaunda.

uwandu hwevanhu emuchina

Enderana Kuongorora nhamba vagari munzvimbo pakutanga muna 1959, apo paiva vanhu miriyoni pamusoro. Munguva Soviet, vagari venyika Tyumen nharaunda rakura zvishoma nezvishoma. kuwedzera yakaitika munguva kubvira 1979 kusvika 1987, kana akararama pano vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 3.

Pashure paizvozvo pane rakapinza kuderera kwouwandu hwevanhu. Asi akatsiga kuvandudzika munzvimbo uye mugodhi indasitiri zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti kunyange makore perestroika, kana munyika maiva kunaka kuitika kwenhamba vagere, pano yaiva nevakomana. Nhasi vanhu mamiriyoni 3,6 vanogara mudunhu.

zvechadenga VOKUPARIDZIRA

Kubva munzvimbo dzakawanda munharaunda Russia chinosiyanisa ayo National marongerwo. Tyumen nharaunda vemo ne 83% chinosanganisira Russian, Tatars vanoumba 8%, uye musha wandei duku vemarudzi zvemo mapoka: asi Nenets, Mansi, Khanty, there chum, Evenk. Zvisinei, 95% vemo funga mutauro wokuRussia ndiwo mutauro mukuru pakukurukurirana.

Asi munzvimbo chechikadzi Kuonekwa hazvina zvakasiyana chaizvo nevamwe ndima yacho. Male vagari mudunhu vari boka duku pane mukadzi. Nekuti umwe neumwe mukadzi Falls 1,1.

Demographics nharaunda

Region hwakasiyana nemamwe kunzvimbo dzakawanda Russian wechiduku kwevagari vayo. Avhareji yezera pano makore 37 okuberekwa. Izvi zvinotungamirira chokuti mumunda mukuru prices kushaya - 17.2 Marudzi ose zviuru vanhu muzana. Mwero wokufa kwevanhu munzvimbo ipfupi zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakasikirwa hwevanhu kukura zvazvingava vanhu 8.9 paminiti zviuru vagari.

Asi upenyu hunotarisirwa munzvimbo iri yakati kuvatumwa National paavhareji, ndiwo makore 71 okuberekwa, asi ane tsika kuwedzera. Nzvimbo iri yakataurawo chaizvo mukuru mwero vaitamira kukura. Gore negore pane vaenzi vanenge 4 zviuru. Kunopindirana vajairira reshiyo munzvimbo dererei pane National paavhareji, uye vane tsika zvakare kudukupiswa. Nhasi nhamba 662.

nharaunda upfumi

Nharaunda anomira kubva zhinji dzimwe nyaya Russian yakatsiga uye zvinovimbisa zvoupfumi. The chikuru nzvimbo basa kuti vagari, sezvakanga Employment Center of Tyumen nharaunda yevanhu, tiri mugodhi uye huni indasitiri. Inobereka dzakawanda mafuta wokuRussia uye gasi. An chinokosha davi okuwana ariwo huni-kugadzira bhora. Nemabasa mana makuru maindasitiri emakambani: bhatiri chirimwa, injini chirimwa, "Neftemash" uye Shipyard. Nharaunda yave zvakanaka dzakabudirira chokufambisa bhora, zvokutengeserana uye basa.

basa

Rakadzikama kukura kwoupfumi rinobvumira munda kuva netarisiro yeramangwana rakanaka, asi, pasinei ichi, kune dambudziko kwemabasa. Nhasi, basa Tyumen mudunhu hwevanhu inonetsa veko yaitonga. Pasinei nokuti kwemabasa mwero achangobva kuvira zvishoma, zvichiri kupfuura nhamba-Russian zvose uye ari 5.1.

Dambudziko guru nokuwana basa kwakaita vanhu vane dzidzo yepamusoro, kunyanya vakadzi, sezvo huru mabasa chokuita yebhuruu-chipika mabasa.