Chii vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove? Chii kukuvadza kukukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove pamusoro zvakatipoteredza?

Driftnet hove - ari kuredza kushandisa mudziyo hove, anonzi haachisiri. Nekuti zvimwe mhando hove (zvikurukuru, herring, mackerel uye Sarimoni) zvinowanika kunyanya mugungwa nzvimbo (anonzi pelagic) Saka vanoedza kugara vakaparadzana mumwe. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, kuti abate nazvo chete zvinogoneka nokushandisa chaiwo network reHaraki dzinonzi vasakukurwa (kana kukukurwa), nekuti chete vanokwanisa kunonoka kufamba pamusoro dzinoita.

Ungazviita sei?

Hove apo kuedza kupfuura nomumbure kwakadaro hakusi kuona chipingamupinyi, inova Micheka mambure, zvichiguma Munotatamura kwamakamuri kusvikira zvimbi. Uye ichi, uyewo, zvinotungamirira chokwadi hove kuti haakwanisi kuramba zvimwe kufamba. Kana iye anotanga kuedza pamutoro pachavo foni network, ipapo zviri Chokwadi, hadzingagoni nokuti haapi gills.

Chii driftnet (kukukurwa) samambure?

Vasakukurwa (vasakukurwa) rezvebonde iri micheka aruminiyamu waya pamusoro rectangular chimiro. Kureba inogona kusvika makumi matatu namapfumbamwe nehafu metres, uye kukwirira - gumi namapfumbamwe nehafu mamita. Several kukukurwa network, interconnected kuti aumbe anonzi vasakukurwa murayiro. Kuti tirambe nayo dzinokosha buoys uye floats, izvo kuda pamusoro kusarudzwa mambure uye kushandisa Zviidzo pasi mumwe kudzika. Vari hwavapo kusvika pasi kusarudzwa pemambure.

Kureba vasakukurwa-kuitira inogona anopfuura makumi mashanu mamaira. It zvinoenderana papi hove uye chii hove ndinoda kugamuchira.

History of vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove

Humanity vakadzidza kare kuti vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove ichi. Special yeGomo nzira iyi hove, ndiro, sezvinei, imhosva dzimwe nyika, akasvika pakupera rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore. Uye hove iri kunyanya herring. Kunyange kune zviitiko apo uchishandisa nzira dzakadai vasakukurwa hove, kunyange uchibata yabereka Squid. Asi havana mashoma chaizvo, anenge voga. Kazhinji rinoshandiswa kuti ndibate zvimwe mhando hove.

A kuziva chaizvo chokwadi: mukupera namapfumbamwe remakore nezviremera rimwe United States kukukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove yakatanga kurambidzwa, zvikanzi kusiya mambure hove mureza. Asi nokuda mamiriro kwokushanduka chete imwe nzvimbo kugona kuzviita. nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kugona kukundikana kufadza mafeni Kubata kwakadaro.

Zvinhu zvakamira pamwe vasakukurwa-mambure hove munyika dzakasiyana?

In oruzhinji European nyika Sarimoni kuita kuti pave. Asi muna Canada, driftnet hove kunokudziridzwa nani zvikuru, nekuti erudzi urwu hove munyika Anowanza mune zvinenge zvose nzizi. Uye havana asingasviki mazana mashanu.

On nyika nenzvimbo North Atlantic dzakadaro zvose kumadokero uye yokumaodzanyemba Zimbabwe.

Vashoma Japanese driftnet hove zvinogona kunzi iye akapotsa kuuya maturo, nekuti ipapo uye kubata chinhu nenzira iyi kushanda chinhu. Kana Sarimoni uye kuita kuti pave mumvura yacho, ipapo chaipo diki zvakawanda.

Asi chikuru zvakakanganiswa kukukurwa-mambure hove pamusoro Atlantic Sarimoni vanhu. Somuenzaniso, muna Czech Republic kwakadai hove zviri ikozvino inogarwa nzizi mbiri chete. It Vistula uye Oder. Uye muna Norway, uye vose mumwe. Izvi zvinoratidza kamwe zvakare kuti vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove - ichi chinotyisidzira guru zvakatipoteredza.

Pane imwe nzira yokubuda?

On nyaya iyi, vakawanda vakashamiswa. Chii vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove - yagara akaziva muna North Atlantic Sarimoni Fund. It akasikwa patsime anozivikanwa nomukurumbira Orry Vigfyusson. Maererano naye, kukukurwa-mambure hove pasina chikonzero chakanaka asingagoni. Naizvozvo akauya navo zano. Akasarudza kutanga kuita yokudzikinura National hove kota Sarimoni munyika idzodzo umo vasakukurwa-mambure okubatisa hove anobvumirwa nemutemo. Uye zano ichi vakaratidza kuti zvikuru: panguva zviri kukonzera Sarimoni asina kubatwa, uye saka anogona zvakachengeteka kusvika zvakanaka nzvimbo uye kuzvipa mwana.

Asi basa iri zvinodhura chaizvo: vehove kubhadhara imwe yakachena Nemutengo, izvo yatorwa mipiro mabhizimisi uye vanhu vane hanya vari akadzivirira nesangano.

musangano

Zvisinei, pamusoro North Atlantic Salmon Fund hachisi sangano rokutanga iro kunzwisisa kuti vasakukurwa-mambure hove uye ngozi kwezvakatipoteredza rinomiririra. Chinetso chacho akasarudzwa refu isati yavako sangano uye chokuita kuitwa inonzi Taravskoy Declaration vakuru Hurumende penyika dzakaitwa nhengo Convention on kurambidza zvinhu hove kushandisa driftnets, uyewo Pacific Islands Forum.

Maererano gwaro iri, iro Implementation zvinhu hove kushandisa driftnets sechinoitika "zvaisaenderana zvinodiwa mutemo dzakawanda." Izvi anorondedzera zvakananga mabasa akapa kuti achengetedze dzinongoitika uye, zvikurukuru pamusoro Fisheries zvinhu pamatunhu mumakungwa, uyewo mukana pakushandisa pavo.

Izvo kumukuvadza kunokonzerwa vasakukurwa-mambure ezvinhu?

Nokuti yose vemunharaunda kwezvakatipoteredza njodzi yemabasa hove kushandisa driftnets nhasi anomiririra mumwe matambudziko makuru. Uyezve, iye kunyange mabasa yokutsvakurudza zvinangwa. The dambudziko iri kuti kunyange kana uwandu hove hove nenzira iyi kwezvakatipoteredza kukuvara duku kunokonzerwa nyore yakakura.

Zvinonzi aronga kuzozivisa zvinotevera kurambidzwa muitiro hove kushandisa vasakukurwa mambure (Chokwadi, chete munyika idzodzo umo izvi asati hakubvumidzwi nemutemo zvachose):

• kuderedza uwandu vasakukurwa mirairo;
• kuderedza uwandu drifters vari hove pamusoro panguva imwe chete.

Panyaya iyi zvinonzi aronga kutora rinokosha nokugadziriswa weUnited Nations, uyewo matanho akasimba kuti kushomeka uwandu mirairo vasakukurwa iri kumaodzanyemba zvePacific Ocean. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti izvi chipimo kuchabatsira kurerutsa zvaparadzwa, iro rinoshandiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kana nzira iyi hove.

All vanoda hove unofanira kuziva kuti vasakukurwa-mambure hove, uye chii vari zvachiri. Izvi zvichakubatsira kudzivisa mamiriro ezvinhu akawanda, uye kubvisa uchizviyeuchidza zvinetso zvisina kufanira.