Chimiro cheSiberia: makona akasiyana

Vanhu vazhinji vane pfungwa yavo yeSiberia. Zvisinei, vose vanobvumirana kuti nzvimbo iyi isingawaniki inyika yakasiyana-siyana yaunogona kuwana mitsara yemasikirwo emasikirwo epo, uko kwemakore mazhinji pakange pasina vanhu.

Vokune dzimwe nyika vanoziva kuti idzi dzakawanda dzisina chando chakavharwa masango mausingawani mhuka, shiri kana munhu. Chii chaicho chaizvo, uye chii chakafanana neSiberia?

Territory

Zvinyorwa zvinoratidza nzvimbo yakasiyana yeSiberia. Pakati pevhesi, inobva mamiriyoni gumi kusvika ku12 makiromita masere emunyika. Kusiyana kwemamiriyoni maviri kunokonzerwa nekusiyana kwemaonero emasayendisiti: vamwe vanotenda kuti Far East chikamu cheSiberia, asi vamwe vanosiyanisa Far East mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, miganhu yeSiberia Federal District yakaoma kutsanangura: kubva kumadokero iyo isiri iyo Ural Mountains, yeActic Ocean inowedzera kuchamhembe kwenharaunda, muganhu wenyika yedu unobva kubva kumaodzanyemba, uye kumadokero kumiganhu inokonzera kukakavara kwakawanda - mamwe masayendisiti anowanzotarisa mugwagwa wePacific watershedhe. Muchidimbu, nzvimbo ino iri munzvimbo yakakwirira uye yapakati. Mamiriro emamiriro ekumusoro kwenharaunda yakakura yenyika yedu haina maturo, yakaoma makondinendi uye yakaoma chaizvo.

Nature

Chimiro cheSiberia chakasiyana kwazvo, kwete zvishoma pamusana pehupamhi hunoshamisa hwemunda. Nzvimbo huru pane iyi chikamu chenyika ndiyo West Siberian Plain, iyo Central Siberian Plateau, makomo eNorth East uye makomo eSouth Siberia.

Nzvimbo dzomusango yeSiberia dzinochinja zvikuru kubva kumaodzanyemba kuenda kuchamhembe. Zvinokwanisika kutsvaga kuparadzaniswa kwakajeka kwezvinhu zvakasikwa mumasango-mawere, tundra, nezvimwewo. MuMosses, lichens uye zvigaro zvekusingaperi, mass, lichen uye uswa zvinowanzoonekwa mumasango-tundra uye tundra. Iyo yakanyanya kufanana kune dzimwe nyika yeSiberia ndiyo taiga. Masango eConiferous anotambanudza munharaunda yepamakiromita 2 000 pasina zviratidzo zvekugara. Dark coniferous taiga inoumbwa zvikurukuru ye fir uye spruce. Inowanzowanzokwanisa kusangana nemisidhari yeSiberia. Taiga ine nheyo dzhenje dzinowanikwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo kumabvazuva kweYenisei. Kazhinji iyi taiga ndiyo Dahurian larch. Chinhu chinoshamisa chechivimbiso chezvisikwa - chitsuwa chinonzi lime, chiri muAltai.

Kuenda kumaodzanyemba kwetiraiga, chimiro cheWestern Siberia chinomiririrwa nemasango uye masango. Chaizvoizvo, iyi ndiyo chaiyo iyo nzvimbo yemhuka inoguma. Yaiva nzvimbo idzi dzakave dzakakanganiswa nekuvapo kwemunhu uye nemigumisiro yemabasa ake ehupfumi. Iwaimbova steppes ikozvino yava nyika yakaoma, mhuka dzakanaka dzinoputika-dzichienda kuhasfields. Mamwe mhuka dzisina kuyeukwa dzinorangarirwa nhasi chete nechemberi dzisina nguva refu. Mhando dzakawanda dzemhuka dzeSiberia dzakarashika nokusingaperi, dzimwe dzadzo dzichiri kuonekwa munzvimbo dzomunharaunda dzomusango.

Flora

Nzvimbo yemakomo ine nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya kuonekwa zvakanaka mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukwirira kwepamusoro. Saka, makiromita anomiririra zvirimwa zvezvikepe, makomo anokwira makomo masiga, mashizha makuru haasisina miti yakawanda mumatare akasiyana-siyana, tundras nematombo ematombo.

Simba rakadaro rakadai reSiberia rine runyararo rurefu rwezvirimwa zvisingawanzoitiki. Chero muSiberia kune tsvina yakareba, yakasvikidzika, Baikal anemone uye mamwe akawanda akanyorwa pamapeji eBlack Book, mbeu.