Common Rail - chii? musimboti oparesheni

Mumakore achangopfuura, vachiwedzera vatyairi kushandisa Diesel motokari. Kare, Motors aya yakaiswa chete zvokutengeserana motokari. Zvisinei, vava kushandiswa chaizvo mutakurwi motokari, kunyanya mu Europe. Zvechokwadi mumwe nomumwe wedu akanga anzwa yakadaro ezvinhu, sezvo Common Rail. Chii uye sei kushanda, isu munyaya ino.

mamiriro

"Common Ryle" - imwe huni jekiseni marongedzero Diesel injini. Pfungwa dzacho kushanda inobva nerubatsiro parafini injectors zvinowanzoitwa njanji kufurirwa. The hurongwa yakazokudziridzwa nenyanzvi German wekambani "Bosch". Common Rail Bosch inowanzoshandiswa mu motokari akadai "Volvo", "Mercedes", BMW nevamwe.

Chii chaicho?

The chikuru runoratidza ezvinhu - kukwanisa kupa zvinodiwa simba shoma mafuta norukosoro. Common Rail chinotsva anogona kuderedza padanho chiutsi choutsi. Reviews pamusoro vatyairi vanoti motokari ine mafuta jekiseni kwava zvikuru yakanyarara (kwete "kuomba" akadaro hunhu, kufanana wekare Diesel injini). "Common Rail" ane zvakasiyana-siyana dzvinyiriro murau huni jekiseni kutanga nguva.

mudziyo

The mazano pamusoro Common Rail ezvinhu ari mukuru-kumanikidzwa redunhu. Kana injini rinoitwa rakananga jekiseni peturu (i.e., mafuta ari kusvitsa zvakananga muimba humburumbira mukamuri). Kune akawanda zvinhu dzinoitwa basa Common Rail hurongwa. Ndezvipi zvinoriumba izvi? Chokutanga refu kumanikidzwa mafuta pombi. It rinoshandiswawo ari dosing vharuvhu uye kumanikidzwa regulator. Uyezve, pane mafuta njanji uye injector magadzirirwo. Common Rail - a panzvimbo yakaoma hurongwa, uye kunzwisisa ayo vanoshanda musimboti, funga zvinoitwa nomumwe zvinoriumba.

pombi

Saka, mupristi kumanikidzwa pombi. mashandiro ichi chinoshandiswa kuumba yakakwirira kumanikidzwa Urume. Level zvinoenderana injini mutoro uye RPM yacho crankshaft. Sezvaunoziva, kukurumidza Diesel injini haana nokudzorwa hwomukova throttle vharuvhu, achikudzwa kureva chikamu chinotsva yawapihwa. Nokuti ichi, uye ichiita yakakwirira kumanikidzwa pombi. The mudziyo iri nani yakaoma, saka ichi chinhu - kupfuura zvinodhura pakuderedza ari Diesel car (pamusoro, asi dzinokosha dzakabatana, dzakadai munyika combustion injini uye PPC).

Regulator uye vharafu Common Rail

Chii eremendi ichi? The vharafu chinoshandiswa kudzora uwandu huni vaipa kune pombi. Structural zvinhu pamwe chete pombi. Panewo mafuta nevezera regulator. Zvinonzi akagadzawo ari mafuta njanji, uye anodzora injini zvichienderana mutoro wayo.

limes

chikwata ichi anoita akawanda mabasa. kuunganidza uku huni pasi kumusoro kumanikidzwa mitigating kufurirwa oscillations uye mafuta kuparadzirwa mokugezera. Ndizvo chikamu yaunodya hurongwa.

mokugezera

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti avo vari kuisa se peturu (injector), uye nokuda Diesel injini. Zvisinei, musiyano chavainyanya - zviri kumanikidzwa kuti kusika. In iyi injector "Common Rail" uyewo anodzora chitsama huni kuti zvokudya zvakananga kupinda humburumbira. The chinhu zvakabatana zvakananga murwere. Panguva iyoyo, akasiyana zviviri mokugezera:

• The piezo injectors ( "Bosch").
• Electro (mukuru mugadziri - "Delfi").

Mukupera nyaya, chinotsva wedzerai anogadzirwa achishandisa mudzimu wacho solenoid vharuvhu. The piezo injectors ndivo crystals chinokosha ichi. Nokumhanya zvinhu izvi zviri yakakwirira zvikuru, saka ivo zvakawanda zvakajairika. Zvisinei, yokugadzirisa Common Rail (jets) kubudisa maoko avo hazvibviri nokuda kunzwisisa akagadzira nomucheka Tuning. Saka, zvose kugadzira basa mugadziriro yaitwa chete panguva unyanzvi zvechitima. Ndiro huru drawback motokari dzakadaro.

Ungazviita sei?

Basa rinodzorwa Diesel jekiseni hurongwa kudzora hurongwa. The ichangoburwa zvinosanganisira actuators, sensors uye ECU. Kufungisisa parameters zvose - nzvimbo akisarareta, iyo coolant tembiricha, uwandu mhepo uye kunyange Kuronga chiutsi magasi (a lambda vachiongorora). Panyaya yacho actuators, ndivo dzataurwa pamusoro apa kamwene ndokudzikunda mafuta pombi, regulator uye mavharuvhu. Saka, sei mabasa hurongwa? Pachishandiswa zviratidzo kuti kudzora vakanzwisisa sensors, hurongwa akaumba aida huwandu mafuta. Zvinonzi zvokudya pachishandiswa metering vharuvhu. Chinotsva kunosvika pombi, uye ipapo kumanikidza inokwira ari murwere. The zvaida kumanikidzwa iri rakaramba chaiyo regulator. Pane imwe nguva, kuti kombiyuta anogamuchira chiratidzo kubva injectors, uye avo mabasa kuvhurika migero imwe nguva. Zvichienderana nokushanda kwadzinoita pamusoro injini, uye mafuta nevamwe kunogona kungoerekana kushandura maitiro pachishandiswa mashoko kubva yakachena Switch. Zvisinei, kuti run inofanira kuva diki. Rinokosha zvarakasiya dzinoratidza zvikanganiso ne "Common Rail" hurongwa.

Mhando jekiseni Common Rail

Chii? Kune mhando dzakawanda mafuta jekiseni munyika:

• Rokutanga.
• Main.
• Hako.

The zvinoitika pamberi chikuru kuti kuwedzera kufurirwa netembiricha ari combustion mukamuri. Saka vakatapwa wakakurumidza autoignition chikuru mutariri uye kuderedza injini ruzha. Pre-jekiseni angava akasiyana, zvichienderana injini uchishandisa ezvinhu. Saka, panguva simbe anogadzirwa kaviri. With kuwedzera mutoro - kamwe. pre-jekiseni haina chinozoiswa panguva zvizere mutoro. Chinangwa chikuru jekiseni - zvakananga anopa injini. Subtypes, haana kuparadzaniswa. Zvimwe jekiseni zvinoshanda kuderedza chiutsi magasi toxicity. Saka, sezvo okisijeni Switch anogamuchira mashoko pakombiyuta, uye ipapo akapa mumwe chikamu mafuta. Zvinokuvadza afterburned mu nokuva gombedzero (uyewo zviri kunzi Diesel particulate firita).

Generation "Common Rail"

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti rudzi rokutanga hurongwa akazviratidza muna 1999 gore. It goho kumanikidzwa 145 MPa. Makore maviri gare gare fume chizvarwa hurongwa (160 MPa). 3 Common Rail yakatanga muna 2005 gore. Panguva iyoyo, motokari dziri vakapakata kwegadziriro "Common Rail" chizvarwa chechina. The mokugezera anoshanda ari kumanikidzwa 220 MPa. Sei zvakadaro ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna kufurirwa? The kumusoro ari mamakisi, zvikuru chinotsva iri jekiseni kupinda humburumbira. Saizvozvowo, nokuti imwe nguva zviri akaziva zvikuru simba inowedzerawo injini kunyatsoshanda.

mhedziso

Saka, takazoziva chii zvakananga jekiseni hurongwa, sei yakarongwa uye kuti inoshanda sei. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti "Common Rail" rinoshandiswa zvikuru Diesel motokari, kunyanya mu Europe. The Hurongwa, pasinei kwayo kunzwisisa, ane rakakura zvinogona.