Concept uye mhando uchangamire

Pfungwa yokuti "changamire" iri ano mupfungwa yakatanga kusvika XIX remakore. Izwi iri zvakabatana chaizvo kuti pfungwa dzakadaro se "mamiriro", "nyika". Yakanga iri XIX remakore, romuMiddle zvinoreva "changamire" rinoshanda kuna hurumende dzose, achiumba pfungwa "rusununguko", mune zvakafanana dzinounzwa rudzi. Dzidza zvakawanda nezvokuti chii chiri uchangamire, uchangamire pfungwa uye mhando - gare gare munyaya. We kutanga tsananguro.

tsananguro

Asati nekukatanura mhando hurumende uchangamire, tikanyatsoongorora pfungwa. Izwi iri rinobva souverainete French, iro rinoshandurudzwa rinoreva "simba guru." Uyu ndiwo mumwe chinokosha unhu ehurumende, izvo zvinopa kodzero kuita epamba uye vatorwa wokuti hurumende pasina kupindira pane dzimwe vamiririri (hurumende, maNGO, uye vamwe.).

Uchangamire uye mutemo dzakawanda

Zviri kukanganisa kutenda kuti uchangamire chinhu kodzero yakakwana dzokurasa munyika. All democratic inoti pasi mutemo dzakawanda. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane normative mabasa kushandisa kunze imwe nyika, asi tine simba pamusoro wake.

Somuenzaniso, ngatiteererei mamiriro edu. The soro mudare Russia ndiyo Supreme uye reConstitutional Court. Pane reEuropean Court of Human Rights. It riri muStrasbourg, France. It anoongorora nyaya inobva Convention on Human Rights. Uyu remarudzi pamutemo chiito, izvo vakanyorerana zvakawanda yakazvimirira nyika. Kana muStrasbourg anoratidza kuti vamwe vaiona nyaya dare chaiitirwa pamwe kutyorwa kuri Convention mune Russian, matare yedu ichaparadzwa vanosungirwa kubvisa vakapiwa zvakazvinakira.

Izvi hazvirevi kuti Russia haana uchangamire. nyika yedu yave yakasainwa nokuzvidira uye vakanyorerana zvibvumirano dzakawanda kubvumira matare dzakawanda kuti ashaise zvisarudzo Russian. Tinogona chero nguva unilaterally kusada chibvumirano uye kusateerera chisarudzo muStrasbourg. Kwokuzvidira pasi - ichi chinoratidza dzimwe negwaro. Zvino zvakawanda pamusoro mhando changamire. Next nayo.

mhando changamire

Saka, mumwe yakazvimirira mamiriro anekodzero yakazvimirira epamba uye dzimwe negwaro. Marudzi anotevera uchangamire:

• State;
• vanhu;
• National.

State uchangamire: paumbwe pfungwa

Pfungwa yokuti "nyika uchangamire" kwakasimbiswa mukunopera Middle Ages. Raishandiswa kusiyanisa chechi kubva hurumende simba. KuMadokero, chechi yaiva yakazvimirira nesangano hurumende. Kusiyana nehurumende rakanga risina miganhu miganhu uye ane supranational inotungamirwa. With kukura centralized simba zvakava zvakakodzera inoona nezvenjodzi kuparadzana mumwe kubva mumwe mambo. Nokudaro pfungwa wehurumende uchangamire, kusiyana kuchechi.

Musimboti wehurumende uchangamire

State simba riri pamusoro vakuru vakuru. subsystems All uye magariro masangano omurume nayo. Tinomiririra refu, kuti chabvisa hurumende changamire. An Nguva mhirizhonga. Havagoni kuva yepamusoro supervisory uye pamutemo masangano. Imwe nyika iri rakakamurwa kweutongi yemunyika, madzinza, izvo zvichaita kutanga zvachose hondo pamwe nemumwe. Areas zvakadai sedzidzo, utano, kuchengeteka havazokwanisi kushanda. Pasina rakabatana utariri gadziriro, mitemo, mitemo, vanhu havagoni zviripo senguva yedu nokunzwisisa.

Nemigumisiro yakaipa kushaya wehurumende uchangamire

History anoziva mienzaniso yakawanda apo pakanga pasina chimwe muzinda simba. Izvi vanonzi nguva Dual simba. A yakafanana nyaya munhau yedu yaiva 1917, maererano abdication pamusoro Nicholas II isati Great October Socialist Revolution, apo vatsigiri Lenin vake oga akatora simba mumaoko avo. The kuedza zviri kutarisana kuti akanga Hondo Yenyika II. Mhirizhonga iri Army, kwete kuteerera mirairo, sabhoteji, vashandi shure, zvokudya dambudziko - izvi chete chiduku chikamu matambudziko kushatiriswa mhirizhonga. Zviviri zvakasiyana Tsika hurumende akatungamirira pakupedzisira kuti hondo reropa vehurumende, izvo zvisiri muduku vakaurayiwa panyika.

Kushaya wehurumende uchangamire, zviremera 'kutyora ayo inokanganisa nzanga yose zvayo. Zvino, asi akafanana kuedza, zvinosuruvarisa anoziva nhoroondo yedu. Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union rwendo mazvake uye, sezvo zvakaguma kuparadzwa wehurumende uchangamire munyika. Power, pamusoro pfungwa vavandudzi, aifanira kumiririra zvido nzanga kunze kwenyika. Mukati, inofanira kuva isina upi kuratidzwa ehurumende munyaya vose munzanga.

Izvi zvakaita kuti taisireva: asi "ruoko kusingaoneki kumusika" haina mamiriro ezveupfumi, nenzara, hondo akarasikirwa kurwa vanokwanisa pakati Vezvemitemo vave kukwanisa kurwisa utsotsi, dzakafanana mwero dzidzo kwete kuwanikwa. Izvi chete chidimbu chiduku matambudziko rawira nyika yedu mukutanga 90-ies wekupedzisira remakore.

Mhando mamiriro uchangamire

State changamire ane mhando mbiri:

1. Internal. The State ane chete kodzero kuti mitemo, kuti pamutemo kushandisa simba.
2. External. Hurumende inogona vakazvimiririra vanoita wokumwe mutemo akamiririra yose muvanhu. zvibvumirano International akasaina nokuda kwehurumende, chichasungwa vose vagari.

mukurumbira changamire

Tikaramba kutaura pamusoro mhando changamire. Kuwedzera mamiriro, masayendisiti enyika kusiyanisa zvavo. Pfungwa ndechokuti vanhu, ndizvo. E. Vomuyaimbova mugari Vagari nyika, ndiyo nyaya simba. Vanhu vanovimba anokosha zvisarudzo zvematongerwo enyika.

Pfungwa yokuti "vanhu changamire" rakada kufanana pfungwa hweruzhinji. People, vanhu kuona njodzi uye hunhu hwavo mamiriro. Kwete pamutemo siyana changamire. RF Constitution haatauri ichi. Zvisinei, Basic Mutemo, mundima 1 Chikamu 3 inoti kuti mutakuri youchangamire kunobva simba munyika yedu nemakambani vanhu Russian Federation.

Kwete mukana reMitemo rinoreva "rinobva mumarudzi akawanda vanhu." Izvi zvinoreva kuti hatina rave rudzi, raiva zvevanhu changamire. Hongu, wokuRussia mune Russian ruzhinji. Vari vanoumba rudzi wehurumende. Izvi zvinoratidza vatungamiriri munyika. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti Russian vane exclusivity muna Implementation zvevanhu changamire.

Vanhu kodzero dzavo kuita zvisarudzo kuburikidza siyana democratic Ezvemutauro:

• nemareferenda;
• sarudzo;
• pickets, zviito;
• chichemo;
• MaNGO, mapato ezvematongerwo enyika, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Zvakaoma kuronga nemareferenda imwe neimwe nguva. Pakuva anarchist Nestor Makhno - mumwe nguva kuunganidza murimi mudiki kuungana - mundima yakakura uye huru vakawanda hakusi noitika. Kuti izvi zvidaro, ari yegutsaruzhinji vanhu hwaJehovha kuburikidza vamiririri. vagari vedu achiati "varanda vevanhu."

Izvi zvinosanganisira Constitution of Russian Federation:

• Russian President.
• Federal Assembly.
• Parliaments of Russian Federation.
• Mumiririri zvitunha omunzvimbo kuzvitonga.
• Jurors mumatare.

Popular uchangamire - kodzero vagari kugadzirisa kupfuura dzinokosha rehurumende.

national changamire

Kupedzisa dingindira "changamire" marudzi. Pfungwa iyi chinoratidza chokwadi uchangamire rwacho. rudzi ose ane kodzero yokusarudza zvinozoitika yavo, kugadzirisa-siyana panyaya chokuita nyika uye mamiriro shamwari, uye zvichingodaro. D.

National changamire kunoratidzwa pakuchengetedza nokuzivikanwa, mutauro, tsika. Uyewo pano dzinosanganisira kodzero marudzi yokuzvitonga, sezvo enshrined mune dzakawanda zviridzwa zhinji, kusanganisira secession imwe National munharaunda imwe.

Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiyo kuvapo National uchangamire bazi Kosovo achibva kuSerbia. Kosovo Region ave dzinozivikanwa zvikuru munharaunda yeSerbia. Zvisinei, kwemazana emakore akawanda pano kugadziriswa dzemadzinza vokuAlbania. Kosovo vokuAlbania vava anotonga rudzi, riri kuonekwa nharaunda kuKosovo sezvo yokumusha kwavo. Vakatora mukana National changamire uye akataura rusununguko.

Kodzero marudzi kuzvitonga waibatanidzwa rokutanga Bumbiro of USSR. Panguva iyoyowo akaramba Lenin, sezvo paiva vavengi, inotungamirwa Stalin. National chinoda vakapiwa kodzero kusada Union. Republic mukati Russian Federation kugona kubuda munyika maererano Constitution, asi vanewo National changamire. Kunoratidza pacharo enyika ari enyika chinoda. The chete kukamurwa - mitemo yemunyika havafaniri kupikisana mutemo batana.

Saka, tinofanira kunzwisisa uchangamire chii. Concept, marudzi akanga muchidimbu kukurukurwa. To muchidimbu.

zvabuda

Russian rusununguko, t. E. The vakasununguka kodzero kuitisa epamba uye vatorwa mutemo, inonzi "Russian uchangamire". Types naye: mamiriro, National, zvavo. A kusiyana pakati pavo. Izvi vakaparadzana subsystems rimwe rose, iro anoumba nyika rusununguko.