Defence French mune wechesi: pfupi kuongorora zvinyamutanhatu

kudzivirira French rinonzi nehafu-rakazaruka, sezvo debut kunotanga unotii E4 - E6, apo Black asingadi kukurumidza kuzarura mapoka avo. The chikuru Basa iri kugadzirira kurwiswa vachidzivirira D5 pamusoro rechipiri chijana. Debut vaimudana saka pashure chikwata French vatambi dzakakundwa pamusoro vavengi kubva kuEngland muna mutambo mutambo nomutsamba. Pari, mupomerwi French chaizvo kudzidza uye rinoshandiswa zvikuru kwazvo vanokwanisa machisi.

Mukuru ngozi nhema achaparadzwa oga nzvimbo C8 bhishopu. Izvi zvinoita kuti tibvunze kuti runoenzanirana dambudziko nokuda vavengi: White anofanira kutanga kwavo uye Kudzivirira vanosungirwa kuedza kuunza dukusa kubatana kwayo pamusoro mudambudziko.

kudzivirirwa French. mikana

Kune akawanda mikuru debuts, uyewo awo, vari vainyatsoongorora uye akava Boka rose pamusoro grandmasters uye wechesi theorists mhosva. First kufamba dema kusimbisa simba pfungwa F7, asi kwenguva duku kurashikirwa takatsiga avo pakati mutsetse. The inokosha mirayiridzo inobva yakakura dema the pawn Kurwisa C5 - F6 mushure chena chimiro zvakasimba pamberi pakati, uye ipapo kumanikidzwa wakaparadzwa kuvakwa. Vanokosha chaizvo kuraramisa kurwisa mutambo muna 20 unotii vokutanga.

Nezvechisarudzo nokuchinjana

White dzimwe nguva vanoda husava chinzvimbo kana kutamba SWEDERA, saka mutambo saka kunyange pasinei nokuti kutanga inopa usingashandi kutungamirira. Black kunobatsira nezvechisarudzo ichi, sezvo bhishopu avo C8 inopa wakapamhama mugwagwa. Get kuti kukunda vari bato achava zvakaoma chaizvo. Pane vaviri bazi debut, apo White angawana zvikuru danho, kana nhema hachisi nenguva uye zvakakodzera kuita kuti kurwiswa G6 nzou.

Nimzowitsch maitiro

Maererano nedzimwe mishumo izvi mavambo zvakanzi muchinangwa 1620 maererano Italian wechesi mutambi Dzhoakino Greko debut kunyange vasati yawana zita aripo. Pakupera ari XVIII remakore zvakatanga kuita Louis Paulsen, asi Kuongororwa izere chinzvimbo ichi vakaita Aron Nimtsovich. Grandmaster akacherechedza kuti E5 kufamba constrains mashoko ouchenjeri kukura bhiza pamwe youmambo bato pamwe kunonoka paumbwe rose bapiro. Nimzowitsch pano anowedzera kuti kuchinjwa ari kurwisa zvinogona chete D5 E6 mamwe kuderedza nzvimbo kudzivirira dema pakati.

Zvisinei, nzira rokupedzisira chena vanotanga kurasikirwa tichimhanya. Izvi zvinobvumira vavengi kuronga coherent uye proactive kudzivirira pakutsoropodzwa. Unoisa munzvimbo iyi rimwe bato zvakanaka zvakaoma. Kune matavi mazhinji debut ichi, chakagadzirirwa nomukurumbira vanatenzi pamusoro wechesi:

• Closed mberi Nimzowitsch,
• Ipfungwa B. Steinitz,
• Paulsen kurwisa
• nzvimbo Euwe and said.

Tarrasch maitiro

White vanoramba kurwira pakati, zvichiita knight kuti chipe D2, uye D4-the pawn asara nekufunganya. rinoshamisa ichi anotyora mitemo manhamba, sezvo chena rima-mativi mana akaenzana bhishopu iri inobatwa yake shure. Zvisinei, kuvaka dzinovimbisa rakavimbika nechepakati nzvimbo yeminda.

Akakurumbira theorist German Siegbert Tarrasch Chess kakawanda uye zvinobudirira vakaita shanduro French Defence nokuda White, saka ari kutaurwa zita kuzvipedza. Muchechi makore anotevera, uyewo machisi pamwe Anatoly Karpov V. Korchnoi, apo wokutanga haana kuhwina hapana mutambo unoratidza kuti Black anogona equalize nzvimbo kosi 3 ... C5! In mugumisiro Karpov airidza bhiza kwete D2, uye C3. nzvimbo iyi ine vakawanda mapazi.

The hurongwa L. Paulsen

budiriro Izvi hazvirevi kiya C1 bhishopu, mumwe knight pamusoro queenside ari kushingaira kukura, kuvaka kumanikidza yakakwana pakati kuti vatema. Robert Fisher, Aleksandr Alehin uye Vasily Smyslov vachiwanzoshandisa chinzvimbo ichi uye zvinobudirira yakatanga nenhamba dzavo. Black ane mbiri zvikuru gadziriro - B4 nzou kana bhiza F6. Zvishoma zvishoma pamusoro Makuriro weboka chena kudzivirira akareva Kutama the pawn C5.

Pfungwa iri rwakabhadharwa kuna kuenderera Paulsen ino, yainzi "musiyano wezvinyorwa Vinovera» (1. E4 E6 2. D4 D5 3. To C3 B4). Zvinonzi vaiona zvikuru nevanhu zvevakomana. mabhuku Foreign anoratidza abatsira zvikuru kuti kuongorora debut ichi Botvinnik uye A. Nimzowitsch - vanhu vanopedza nguva yakawanda nesimba kukura mirayiridzo iyi.

Black anoda zvinoshingaira kutsigira pawns avo ferzevnom bapiro pashure zvinobudirira kubatanidza chena knight C3. Kuchengetedzwa bato kurukutika uye kurwisa kingside - mukuru basa nokuda nevachena. Botvinnik akafunga kuti mupomerwi French kuti Black mune placement ichi panzvimbo yokutanga. Maererano naye, mupomerwi ndiyo inopinza zvakakwana, ane counterchances kuti apikise zvakanakira kutanga pamusoro White, pasinei kuti rusununguko uye kushingaira mabhishopi maviri. The marapirwo nokuti kurwiswa inofambidzana kaviri pawns pamutsetse "c". Black, achiziva zvakanga achaparadza mukana swing C5 nyore - C4.

kudzivirira French - the Semi-rakavhurika yemhuka, uye zvinofanira kusarudzwa murwere vatambi vanoziva sei kuona kusimba kwako anokumhan'arira nezvetsika uye nguva yemabhuku.