Dysgraphia pa schoolboys vaduku: kutsiurwa, kurovedza muviri, dziviriro, zvinokonzera

Kazhinji puraimari vadzidzi vanotambura kutaura kurapa chirwere - dysgraphia. It kunoratidzwa mamwe kutyora letters: Vana kunyora sezvo vachiti, tsamba Apfuura, kushandura nokuguma. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi idambudziko chakakomba zvikuru. Kana musingadi kuteerera ayo chisarudzo, mwana anogona kuva uduku yakaoma. Vezera kuchikoro kuti vanomuseka, zvichiita kuti kurasikirwa chivimbo. Naizvozvo, dysgraphia vadzidzi vaduku (zvichakurukurwa pazasi kururamiswa, maekisesaizi uye kudzivirira) vanofanira kuva inokosha yokukurukurirana pakati vabereki.

zvinokonzera

Masayendisiti vachiri vasina kuzivikanwa chaiyo zvinokonzera, ndokusaka pane chirwere. nyaya iyi ichiri kwete zvakazara, asi nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinobvuma kuti maererano nokuda kukura chirwere chacho chichigarwa nhaka. Zvikonzero dysgraphia pa schoolboys vaduku:

1. Nhodzera. Sezvatotaurwa, ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru nokuda pakuonekwa chirwere. Vana kutora vabereki kwouropi umbishi mune zvimwe mumadhipatimendi. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, pane kunonoka kukura mamwe mabasa.
2. Dzichipfekeka zvinyorwa. Izvi zvinoreva dzakasiyana-siyana mumuviri zvirwere. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, pane kutyora kwepfungwa uye matauriro kukura, uyewo mwana anorasikirwa kukwanisa kuverenga nokunyora. Kururamiswa dysgraphia, dyslexia vana chikoro chepuraimari mu inofanira kuendeswa zvikurukuru kubvisa zvinokonzera chirwere.
3. chepfungwa hypoplasia. pakukuvara Chero kana kukuvadza kungaita dysgraphia. Uye uropi zvingaitika somugumisiro abnormalities ari pamuviri, asphyxia kana kugara chirwere.
4. Social uye mupfungwa zvikuru. Chokwadi, hatifaniri kukanganwa pamusoro chinhu ichi. The chirwere muvana zvingaitika nokuda Kutaura kusina kukodzera vamwe vanhu, kukurukurirana deficits, uyewo inattention kuti kuverenga uye kunyora mwana nevabereki.

Mhando dysgraphia pa schoolboys vaduku

Voga siyana chirwere kuchabatsira vabereki kuti zvakarurama kushandisa muviri ndakarumbidzwa nokutaura varapi. Unofanira kuziva kuti pane mhando huru matatu chirwere ichi:

1. Acoustic. Ichi chimiro dysgraphia ndiwo mugumisiro zvokukura zvirwere kutaura kunzwa. Kureva mwana haasi kukwanisa kunzwisisa ruzha nomazvo. Nokuda kwaizvozvi tsamba kutambura, vana vasingazivi kuchinja mavara mumashoko, nekuti vari saka dzinonzwa. Ruzha Similar vane vakavhengana uye kazhinji vakavhiringidzika, semuenzaniso b-s, h-g, c-W uye nevamwe. Acoustic dysgraphia kunokanganisa softness kuti emakonzonendi mutsamba (akafanana - lubit). Uyewo, mwana kazhinji skips tsamba. Kururamiswa acoustic dysgraphia pa schoolboys vaduku pachishandiswa muviri zvakagadzirirwa kuvandudza auditory nzvimbo.
2. Motor. dambudziko iri kunooneka pacharo muchimiro kwemashifiti fambisa ruoko paainyora. Panyaya iyi, mwana anogona kuita zvimwe zviito. Kazhinji kutyora zvaainazvo rinoonekwa uye makaseti mifananidzo chinokonzera chirwere chimiro injini. Kururamiswa dysgraphia pa schoolboys muduku uyu mhando anokanda panguva rusununguko rwakakwana kubva chirwere ichi. Somugumisiro, mwana achakwanisa kunyora zvakarurama uye kuenzaniswa zvifananidzo.
3. Optical. Dysgraphia iyi mhando kunoratidzwa kutyora ziso mabasa. Vana vangasaziva nemazvo kuratidza mavara, zvichiguma girazi kunyora, kuchinja kana nokusanganisa pamusoro siyana zvinhu. Kazhinji pane permutation yakafanana tsamba (m-n). A kuratidzwa chirwere ichi chiri kunyora girazi kubva kuruboshwe zvichienda kurudyi mumutsetse kuruboshwe-handers nevamwe pfungwa zvirwere. Optical dysgraphia pa vadzidzi vaduku (kururamiswa muchiitwa akafukidza munyaya) ndiyo nyaya inokosha ano. Madzerere - a kakawanda nyaya. Naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti kubhadhara ngwariro chaiyo nyaya iyi. Mhando dysgraphia pa schoolboys vaduku kubvumira kuti tsanangurai kurapwa mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu.

Ndingabatsira kuwana dysgraphia?

Kana vabereki vakafungidzira mukana kukura chirwere ichi, unofanira ndiongororwe chiremba wetsinga kana ophthalmologist. Padanho ikure chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura macheki. Chinhu chikuru - nemazvo kuona kana mwana ane dysgraphia kana kungoti banal kusaziva nemitemo chiperengo.

Imwe ongororo vana pamberi dysgraphia dzinosanganisira:

• Check kutaura. Cherechedzai inofanira kubhadharwa kuti rutivi urwu, kunyanya ezita ruzha, mashoko akarurama mutongo mamiriro.
• Tinyatsonzwisisa kunyora. Mushure wokutanga Danho unofanira kuongorora mail. Kuti aite izvi, mwana aida kuita mamwe mabasa. Kakawanda ndiwo rewriting chorugwaro, achiitisa kuverenga uye dhikitesheni tsamba uye mabhii. Maererano migumisiro kurovedza idzi pakutsvaga mwero kukura mutauro wakanyorwa.
• Kudzidza kunzwa uye kuona mwana. Uyewo vachiongorora ezvinhu Chinyorwa injini uye matauriro.

Kudzivirira dysgraphia vana chikoro chepuraimari mu kunokosha chaizvo. Nhovo huru kuona chirwere angava akasiyana. The anowanzodanwa kushandiswa nzira nokuda kutsunga phonemic mano. zviitwa izvi kubvumira mwana kuratidza unyanzvi hwavo;

• kusiyanisa chaizvo manzwi namashoko;
• perera mifananidzo mazita kutanga chete inzwi;
• akadzokorora mabhii akawanda mumutsetse kuti mudzidzisi;
• inzwai mispronunciation uye womuratidza zvikanganiso.

Kana mwana muduku chaizvo uye achiri kwete kuchikoro, anogonawo kuva dysgraphia. Unogona kuongorora izvi pamusoro vanodhirowa mwana. Vana vanoda kuswedera uye kazhinji aidaro ichi, anenge asina kukanganiswa chirwere ichi. Kana mwana asingadi kuita izvozvo, uye mifananidzo yake yose ine discontinuous kana sekubvunda mitsetse, pane mukuru ndingangokuvara kukura dysgraphia.

Nzira kugadzirisa chirwere

Dysgraphia pa vadzidzi vaduku (kururamiswa, kurovedza uye kurapwa kubatsira kukunda dambudziko) nderokukurumidzira. Kana dambudziko inoziviswa, unofanira pakarepo kutanga kudzidzisa. Kana mwana aine chirwere inofanira kugadziriswa chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura uye wepfungwa.

nokuda dysgraphia kururamiswa chirongwa vana chikoro chepuraimari mu akatsunga zvichienderana chimiro chirwere. Vabereki vanofanira kukoshesa nyaya iyi uye kuti pave kunenge nenyanzvi. An kwazvo nzira ndiyo mwana kutapurirana kuti kurapa kuchikoro kutaura, asi kwete muguta ose riripo. Kakawanda, vabereki pachavo vanofanira kushanda nevana.

Kururamiswa dysgraphia panguva schoolboys vaduku nenzira dzinotevera:

• kuitisa zvidzidzo kuvandudza ndangariro;
• zvakawedzera Mutauro;
• nomusoro chiperengo mitemo;
• akanyorwa mabasa akasiyana-siyana hunhu;
• kunaya masaja kugamuchirwa nyaradzo sezvinodiwa.

kurapwa nzendo

Kubviswa dysgraphia vana chikoro chepuraimari mu rinoitwa matanho mana:

1. Kuongorora chirwere. Zvinofanira kazhinji vanoita siyana dhikitesheni muchiitwa kuongorora mamiriro nenhanho yomutauro. The vakawana zvabuda vanofanira kuongorora uye ataure mhedziso vokutanga.
2. Preparation. Pano, teererai kutanga ndangariro, mafungiro uye nomucheka motokari unyanzvi. Zvakakosha kuziva kunzwisisa spatial ukama.
3. Kururamiswa. Kubva panguva iyi kunotanga zvakananga mishonga zviripo abnormalities. All basa rinonyatsotarira mitatu: zvivakamutauro, lexical uye phonetic. Chinangwa - kururamisa kutyorwa, kuti normalize kuverenga uye kunyora kwacho.
4. Evaluation. Wokupedzisira danho, inova cheki ose zvabuda, vabereki ndivo ichangoburwa audzwa.

Panzira dzinobudirira nokuraira dysgraphia

Pane ichakurukurwa muudzame yenzira chokururamisa chirwere:

1. Model mashoko. ichi sezvinotevera: mwana kupa mufananidzo kuti kupendwa uye kuisa zano mashoko. Basa mudzidzi chii mazita chinhu, uye ipapo kutaura zvose ruzha kutaura kuti. Zvino ose Unonzwa correlated pamwe netsamba uye kunyora shoko rose.
2. Method Ebbigauza. Students vanogamuchira semucheka nemashoko umo tsamba zvisipo. It anofanira dzinoisa zvisipo tsamba uye nyorazve zvose neshoko chose.
3. The Kuongororwa nemavara. Ipa mwana mumwe mufananidzo womumwe nyaya. Aifanira kuzodana ichi chinhu uye kunyora shoko. Uise madudziro emazwi, yakakamurwa mabhii uye dudza zvinonzwika. inzwi mumwe nomumwe zvakafanira kuparadzana uye kusimbisa runoenzanirana ruvara. Zvino unofanira kuenzanisa nhamba nokuwanda tsamba.
4. Kururamiswa zvikanganiso. Pano, munhu wese awane mashoko mashoma zvikanganiso nemaune. wechikoro basa - kuchigadzira uye nyorazve mashoko zvakarurama chimiro.

The inonyanya kutaura kurapa chirwere - dysgraphia vadzidzi vaduku. Kurangwa kurovedza kuti dzinobatsira kurapwa kwayo, aida kuteerera kwako pazasi.

Kunyatsovatsanangurira "Kunyora Zvinonzwika"

Zvichida ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru muviri. Hazvina kutsiva musimboti ari kutaura zvinonzwika akanyorwa kwairayirwa kusunungurwa simba mugove. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma, zvakajeka enunciating tsamba neimwe. Somuenzaniso: mombe kupa mukaka.

Kuekisesaiza nechinangwa kukwidza padanho kuverenga. Simba anorova vari ruzha izvo kana vachisimbisa haina akateerera uye vari kutaurwa nepasipo. The inokosha ndiko ezita shoko kusvikira kumugumo, kusarudzwa harinzwi. Vana vane dysgraphia, chaizvo Kashoma anogona kunyora shoko rose. Kazhinji, pakupedzisira vakaisa zvimiti kuti inogona kutorwa tsamba. Zvisinei, nhamba mitsetse izvi hazvirevi kuenzaniswa nhamba tsamba kuti zvinofanira kuva neshoko iri.

With basa izvi zvinoitwa acoustic kururamiswa dysgraphia vadzidzi vaduku. Muchiitwa zvainanga pakurapa chirwere, zvikuru-siyana. Asi chinokosha iri "Kunyora zvinonzwika." Zvakakosha kudzidzisa mwana kutaura mumwe shoko rakanyorwa, uye ipapo mugumisiro haanganonoki refu.

Exercise "corrector"

Nokuti kuzadziswa basa iri achada akaoma kana hakunakidzi chinyorwa bhuku. Chokwadi chokuti mwana akanga asingafariri kuverenga. The chete chinodiwa - guru tsamba kusiyanisa zvakanyorwa. Tinofanira kutanga kusarudza tsamba nyore (kazhinji nzvanyira), izvo mwana anoziva uye haakanganisi vake kunyora, zvakadai so "". wechikoro basa richava kuwana kutaurwa tsamba iyi uye ayo muchinjikwa panze.

Izvi zvinoteverwa mberi zvakawanda zvakaoma kutotanga. Zvinokwanisika kuwedzera nhamba mabhii, zviri chinodiwa kusarudza kufanana kunyora Somuenzaniso, "Jehovha" uye "M". Nzwisisa chaizvo chii kunokonzera matambudziko ari mwana, hazvina nyore chaizvo. Zvakakosha kuita achiudzwa, mu nedanho kunyora kuti vadzidzi achaita zvimwe zvikanganiso. Pahwaro zvikanganiso izvi zvinogona kuzivikanwa kusimba mune girama.

Nokururamiswa Manyiminya dysgraphia pa schoolboys vaduku achishandisa muviri ichi. Zviri inoshanda chaizvo, sezvo zvakakodzera kwete chete kuti kudzvinyirira uropi, asi meso. Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti rugwaro arege kukonzera kufarira mwana. Haafaniri kuverenga, uye kuwana chimiro tsamba.

Exercise "Wana uye tsanangura"

Kuti azadzise basa ichi vanoda dictations akawanda, rakanyorwa mwana. Inofanira tsanangura koma ose, nenzira mutongo wakapiwa. Kana asina zivo rwaunoda kosi anodzidzisa vadzidzi mitemo. Kunyange nani, kana mudzidzisi kuchaita kukurudzira mudzidzi kuti mhinduro yakarurama, saka mawana aigona kuronga sarudzo yake.

Panguva yechiitwa, zvakakosha kurangarira kuti wakaremedza mwana. Mumwe dhikitesheni inokurudzirwa kuti nekukatanura shanu kana matanhatu nemutsetse. Mhinduro yakarurama zvinokosha inzwi kakati. Somuenzaniso, koma pakati rokuti "zuva" uye chokuti "isu" vaiita chikamu slozhnopodchinonnogo zvinowanika. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pashure mumwe dhikitesheni zvechokwadi kugadzirisa bug.

Sezvo chikamu basa iri rinoitwa nokururamiswa acoustic dysgraphia vadzidzi vaduku. Exercise "Wana uye tsanangura" uye "Kunyora Zvinonzwika" ndiyo inonyatsobudirira kuti kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.

Mabasa "Labyrinth" uye "Kuwana asipo tsamba"

zviitwa maviri aya akakurumbira zvikuru, uye vabereki vakawanda vari kushandisa navo kukura unyanzvi vomwana. Vanodawo runobatsira dysgraphia kururamiswa.

"Labyrinth" zvakakwana anovandudza chakakomba injini unyanzvi vana. Pari zvino pane yakawanda yakasiyana akaunganidzwa, apo unogona kuwana Puzzles zvikuru. Labyrinths, kana kutsvakwa, vanogona kuswedera vabereki vavo. The chikuru basa mwana kurondwa ane munwe kana chinyoreso kubva pakutanga kusvika kumugumo oma unotii. Sangano muzvidzivirire uye kururamiswa dysgraphia pane vadzidzi vaduku kunogona kwakavakirwa pachiitwa ichi. Ndicho kupfuura nyore uye pahunosiya.

Exercise "Tsvakai vasisina tsamba" ndehwokuti kutanga mindfulness vana. Nokuti kwayo Implementation inoda tsime code, apo zvose zviri panzvimbo yayo. Zvadaro, muna chete zvinhu zvaunoda kubvisa mavara, vachisiya panzvimbo yavo dzakasiyiwa. Basa mudzidzi - kuti zadza zvine maatomu akafanana. Unofanira kubvisa mavara-tsime, sezvinoita mwana unofanira kuvaka chinhu.

Kana kutsvaka zvinhu zvaunofanira kufunga kuti ave mudzidzi kufarira. Panyaya iyi, basa kuurayiwa kutendeukira mune mutambo. Munguva ichangopfuura, zvimwe uye kazhinji kutanga dysgraphia vadzidzi vaduku. Kururamiswa, maekisesaizi uye kudzivirira zvirwere izvi zvinokosha kudzivirira mwana kubva nemigumisiro.

kururamiswa manyorero

Chokwadi ndechokuti mwana pamwe manyorero dysgraphia ndiyo imwe kunzwisisa. Kazhinji vana ava kunyora kana vashomashoma kana guru kwazvo. Kutsvaira manyorero hakusi kunaka chakajairika, nokuti kumhura mwana haasi zviripo.

Kuti adzidzise vadzidzi kuti vanyore zvakarurama, achatora kwemavhiki anenge matatu. First unofanira kutenga mukabhuku ari keji uye akakumbira zvichiberekana rugwaro papepa. Tsamba arege kudarika masero - mukuru utongi. Unofanira kutevera pamusoro ichi uye kutsigira zvizere mwana.

Regai wakaremedza vana vamwe zvakanyorwa zvakanaka mitsetse pazuva - shasha mugumisiro. Kunyange kana vabereki vari kuneta kuita nemwana, zviri zvaisambobvumirwa kuratidza nayo, uye kunyange zvakawanda kusimudza hunhu. Sezvo kunyora zviridzwa varumbidzwa kushandisa chinyoreso ine kumeso pamusoro, uye nepenzura muchimiro netriangle.

Kumba, unogona kutamba mwana wako, achipa imwe neingi. Ipapo achaedza kunyora zvakarurama, kuitira kuti zvikanganise mutambo.

Zvinotarisirwa kubva nyanzvi pakutaura varapi

Nyanzvi dzakawanda mumunda uyu ndiwo zvinotevera gadziriro:

• Dysgraphia kururamiswa dzinoshandiswa chaizvo siyana, asi zvakaenzana inobudirira. Vabereki vanofanira kushanda nevana, nekuti zvinokanganisawo remangwana mwana.
• Kuita mabasa kunoda kutsungirira uye kushivirira. Uyezve, basa rinofanira kuitwa nguva, vanenge awa rimwe zuva.
• Kana nyanzvi akabvunza zvakawanda kuti dzifunge, mashoko anofanira rwakakamukana akawanda nhengo. Saka zvichava nyore uye mwana uye vakura. Tinogona kubvumira kuneta, sezvo izvi kuchaita kuti vachida uye kuderedzwa kunyatsoshanda.
• The inonyanya chikanganiso ndiko nyorazve rechikoro kakawanda. Vabereki havafaniri kumanikidza vana kuzviita, nokuti haizoiti kuti chinhu chakanaka. Mukupesana, mwana tichadzivisa zvakawanda zvikanganiso kutungamirira kusada kubata.
• Support kunokosha chaizvo, kunyange zvikuru vasingakoshi ezvinhu. A mwana kusvikira basa? Tinofanira kumurumbidza, asi zvine mwero. In nyaya iyi vanoda delicacy, haukwanisi overdo nayo. For kukundikana chero nyaya kwete kunyadzisa mwana. Kunyanya hazvitenderwi wekuvamba nicknames inogumbura. Izvi kwakakanganisa kunokanganisa mwana psyche.

dziviriro

Yambiro dysgraphia vadzidzi vaduku vanogona kuva kutyora auditory kuzivikanwa kutaura kurira. More 3 years zvakakodzera kuramba kuongorora kuti pfungwa. Kana mwana ane matambudziko venyika ino, vakanga vari nyore kugadzirisa uchibatsirwa uchirovedza muviri.

Mumakore achangopfuura, mukurumbira zvikuru kurovedzwa imwe mutauro vana (kazhinji Chirungu) nemakore 3-4. Children munguva ino itsva kuyeuka zvikuru uye nyore kuchigamuchira. Zvisinei, kana kunaka nzira kudzidzisa mwana anogona kuva dyslexia kana dysgraphia.

Vanofanira kuteerera mataurirwo emashoko mashoko vakura. Kana vabereki achapiwa kudzokororwa vana, zvinogona kukonzera kuti mamwe matambudziko. Kana mwana anoti zvakaipa, inofanira pakarepo kudzidziswa sei kuzviita. Zvadaro zvingava nani kuyeuka, uye kuchawedzera nokukurumidza.