Electronic configuration - chakavanzika mabhomba mamiriro

Mumatsutso 1910 Ernest Rutherford, ane pfungwa, inorwadza kuedza kunzwisisa womukati nemamiriro atomu. kuedza ake akapararira yeAlpha nezvimedu siyana zvinhu zvinogutsa nekusimba - atomu aripo mukati mumwe, kusvikira unexplored, hombe muviri. Muna 1912, Rutherford kuti vanouti ive mabhomba neerekitironi. Musoro musayendisiti zvikazara zviuru mibvunzo. Chii mutariri ane ichi muviri isingazivikanwi? Chii uwandu maerekitironi vaifanira nechokwadi kwayo uremu?

Muna May 1911, Rutherford, yakabudiswa imwe nyaya pamusoro nemamiriro atomu, iyo anticipates inokosha chaizvo caveat kuti kutsiga maatomu mamiriro anogona kuvimba subtleties ari womukati nemamiriro atomu uye inofamba pakati mhosva nezvimedu, izvo ayo inokosha STRUCTURAL zvinoriumba. Saka akaberekwa ari Erekitironi configuration - zvenyukireya maerekitironi the Atomic womuenzaniso. muenzaniso uyu kwaifanira kuita zvikuru basa wefizikisi kwenyukireya.

Electronic configuration - ndiwo murayiro kuparadzira maerekitironi pamusoro mabhomba kutenderera. Nemhaka yokuda kuziva pfungwa uye nokutsungirira Ernest Rutherford, uyo akakwanisa kudzivirira pfungwa yake, sayenzi makapfumiswa zivo itsva, kukosha risingagoni hunokosha.

Electronic configuration ane atomu iri. Pakati yose mamiriro unongoda panozogadzirika zvinosanganisira yakasiyana zvinhu neimwe mari neutrons uye protons. Uye ichi imhaka zvakanaka rokuchengeta mwoyo. Around nayo akakodzera concentric kutenderera kunofambisa maerekitironi - isakarurama mhosva zvokutanga inoramba. Izvi mabhomba kutenderera vanonziwo anoshongwa. Chokunze muchadenga pamusoro atomu anonzi Valencia. A uwandu maerekitironi pamusoro payo - valency.

Mumwe yemagetsi configuration ose okunze siyana uwandu maerekitironi zviri mukati. Somuenzaniso, imwe nyaya iri nyore chaizvo pane zvakasikwa - rehydrogen - zvine Erekitironi imwe chete chete, okisijeni atomu, - sere uye yemagetsi configuration simbi ine makumi matanhatu maerekitironi.

Asi inokosha kune electronic muenzaniso atomu haisi uwandu maerekitironi, uye chii anoiteerera pamwe chete uye anoita kuti hurongwa ishande zvakanaka - musimboti wayo sezvamunoita. Rinopa fuma chinoumba nomumwe unhu uye unhu. Maerekitironi dzimwe nguva siya mabhomba womuenzaniso, uye ipapo atomu anowana mhosva akanaka (nokuda mutariri renyukireya). Panyaya iyi, nefuma haachinji ehupfumi ayo. Asi kana imi achinje Zvinoumba musimboti, zvichava zvakasiyana chaizvo yacho zvakasiyana unhu. Ita zvakaoma, asi zvakadaro zvinoita.

Sezvo Erekitironi configuration hazvibviri pasina yayo huru STRUCTURAL maatomu akafanana - maatomu musimboti, zvinofanira kusimbiswa. Ndicho ichi chinokosha che maatomu womuenzaniso rinoumbwa nomumwe zvivako uye maitiro chero namakemikari. Protons, zviri, chokwadi, mupe chinoumba yakanaka mutariri 1840 nguva zvairema kupfuura Erekitironi. Asi simba Purotoni akamurairawo akaenzana kuti vamwe Erekitironi. In mamiriro pakuenzanisa nhamba protons iri atomu inhamba maerekitironi. Panyaya iyi, chinoumba ndiye mutakuri razero vebasa.

Chimwe chirevo chikuru vakadanidzira Nyuturoni the Atomic musimboti. Hazvina chaikosha ichi izvo haana mhosva, zvibvire renyukireya cheni zvakaitwa. Saka kuti kuona kukosha Nyuturoni hazvitomboiti.