Orthodoxy yeRussia: Imamende yekumuka (Torzhok)

Muzana remakore emakore nhoroondo yeRussia, mamiriyoni akasimuka pamwe chete nekuwana chiKristu. MuchiGiriki, "monastery" zvinoreva "nzvimbo yakachengetwa".

Mune misha yevatongi vemamonki (vatongi) vakararama maererano nemirairo yakasimba, mumunyengetero usingaperi.

Vaya vaida kuzvipa kuna Mwari, vakasiya upenyu hwenyika nekuda kwekunatswa mumweya vakabviswa pano.

Kubuda kwemamatare

Sezvo mutemo, vatemberi vaisimudzwa kure nevanhu, mumasango asingagoneki, musango risina kuzivikanwa uye nzizi.

Asi kubwinya kwevatsvene vemunharaunda yevamongi vanobatsira vanofamba-famba nevarwere vakanga vakaparadzirwa zvakapararira, kuitira kuti pakufamba kwenguva, misha yakatanga yakapoteredza musha wakakura ukava mumaguta makuru.

Mhuri yakazadzirwa nemashandiro, kuwedzerwa kune zvivako zvakange zviriko zvakaitwa kune dzimwe nyika dzematunhu, matamende, machechi mitsva uye shongwe dzebhero dzakavakwa.

Nokufamba kwenguva, mamiriyoni akaumba zvivakwa zvakaisvonaka zvekunakisa, zvakaberekerwa mukusanganiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana.

Historical Torzhok

Nokudaro guta reTorzhok rakasimuka panguva yaro pazvinhu zvekare zveRussia. Iyo yakagadziriswa yakawanda inowanikwa mairi iyo murume Borisoglebsky uye mukadzikadzi Kumuka kweSimba. Torzhok nhasi iguta reharaunda reTver nzvimbo yeRussia.

Torzhok iri parutivi rwizi rwaTvertsy, makiromita 60 kubva kunharaunda yedunhu, pedyo neMoscow-St Petersburg mugwagwa mukuru.

Munguva yakapfuura, yakanzi Novotorzhsk. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, vanhu vomunharaunda vachiri kudanwa kuti novomotors, nzvimbo dzakawanda uye zvivako muguta racho zvinonzi Novotorzhskys. Kubvira muna 1917 guta racho rakazoshanduka rikava chirongwa.

Kwenguva yokutanga Imba yeVamambo yeKumuka muTurzhok inotaurwa mukutanga kwezana remakore re XVII, uye yakaiswa zana remakore mberi.

Kune uyu mumiririri nyanzvi Marita (munyika Xenia Ivanovna), amai vaTsar Mikhail Fedorovich, vakapa mufananidzo wekumuka kwaKristu mumucheka wesirivha.

Uye pamwe chete nemufananidzo, makapu maviri ekokoni muvhavha. Gare gare makombe aya akachinjwa kuva mwenje.

Monastery

Kusvikira ikozvino, pasinei nezvose, Mharidzo yekumuka kwevakafa yakanga isina kunyatsochengetedzwa. Torzhok, Kufanana nemaguta akawanda ekare, yakavakwa nematanda. Uye zvivakwa zvokutanga zveimba yematemberi zvaivawo matanda.

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi18, kuvakwa kweKumuka kweKumhedheni neChapel yeMuponesi Isina Kuitwa nemaoko kwakagadzirwa nematombo, uye pakupera kwezana remakore nzvimbo yeimba yemasvingo yaiva yakakombererwa norusvingo rwematombo.

Zvimwe zvezvivako zvakavandudzwa gare gare, saka mavakirwo avo akasiyana. Kereke yeKumuka yakavakwa nenzira yekare, uye bell yakaramba iine baroque architecture.

Mazuva chaiwo ekuvakwa nekugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosiyana.

Muchechi yeRoma makanga mune zvigaro zviviri: pane yekutanga kune Chechi yekududzirwa kweMhandara Yakaropafadzwa, uye wechipiri - Kumuka kwaKristu.

Gare gare, muzana remakore rechina reXIX, masero akavakwa (dzimba dzevanamwari uye abbesses), mucherechedzo uye chechi yeBeheading yemusoro waJohn the Forerunner.

IKathedral yeKumuka kwaKristu ndiyo yakarongeka. Kubva pairi ndokugamuchira zita raKumuka Kwemusha. Torzhok nhasi iguta duku, vanenge zviuru makumi mashanu, asi rine machechi akawanda.

Monastery nhasi

Vatendi nevashanyi vanofarira nhoroondo yeRussia, hazvisi zvakaoma kuwana Imba yeMumuko muTurzhok. Kero yake yakanyorwa mumatungamiri eOrthodox, kunyange zvazvo imba yemamende isiri kushanda.

Rinomira pamusoro pekumusoro kwebhandi reRwizi Tvertsy, mumugwagwa unonzi Red Town, imba 22, pedo nemabhiriji emotokari uye anofambisa pedo, mumugwagwa wakaitika weguta.

Uye pane zvinopesana, pane bhangi rakarurama, mhondi yemurume Borisoglebsky, zvishoma nechekumusoro. Maererano nheyo, pasi pehova pane nzvimbo yepasi pasi kuenda kubhangi yakarurama.

Mumakore makumi maviri ezana remakore ekupedzisira dambudziko rakavharwa. Uye Imba yekumuka kwevakafa muTotzhok haigoni kushanda. Mufananidzo wezvivako zvinounza chinyaradzo chinosuruvarisa chemamiriro ake ezvinhu.

Pamberi pekuvandudzwa, imba yemamata yaiva nenherera uye chikoro chevasikana kubva kumhuri dzine urombo. Muchizivo chemasasa chakanga chakabatanidzwa muzviratidzo zvekugadzira, kupfeka masaga, kuvekesa, kugadzira dowry kune vakaroorana vakapfuma.

Zvinotendwa kuti unyanzvi hwakakurumbira, unonzi novotorzhskoe hurairi hwegoridhe, hwakatanga hupenyu hupenyu hwekumuka kwevakafa.

Torzhok Kwete Ive yakagamuchira nguva yakareba yeguta-musimamende yezvematongerwo enyika, sezvo yakachengetedza zvivakwa zvakawanda zvekugadzirwa kwemazana emakore akapfuura.

Uye kunyange zvazvo imba yemamera iri mukuparadzwa, zvivakwa zvayo zvisina kugadziriswa zvinoparadzwa uye kubva kune yekare mararamiro hapana chakasara, dambudziko rakanaka chaizvo.