Epics kuti mubereko? Kutsunga Epic

No vanofanira kuva nyanzvi kucherechedza kuti shoko "paakaita" uye "mubereko" zvakafanana mudzi. Pakutanga, zvinobikwa ngano, icho tinopa tsanangudzo "yakakura" anonzi mazuva akare. The zita kuitika vakagamuchira vari XIX remakore nechiedza ruoko musayendisiti Sakharov muteresi kuti ngano, pamusoro mutsara "Lay": "raparurwa sezvo musasa yeWatchtower nziyo bylinam panguva ino, kwete Bojan ari vakarangana".

Bylina - purofiti?

Vatsvakurudzi "Turika" kupa zvinotevera yeshoko rokuti "paakaita", kuitika chigadzirwa, "nyaya yechokwadi, chii chakaitika chaizvoizvo." Asi epics kuudzwa magamba, oga kurwisana ne dzisingaverengeki echiShinto villains. Kuwedzeredza uye rungano. Ko vanhu vane dzidzo yokuyunivhesiti yepamusorosoro, hwose vakaunganidza ngano, uyo akabudisa nyaya mumatongo uye ethnography, angadai zvakaipa zvakadaro, saka zvakaipa kushandisa tsanangudzo yakakura? Tangled yatinofanira edza kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi yakakura?

Tsanangudzo kuchikoro hunowanikwa chaizvo rinotsanangura: okuberekwa Russian umhare yakakura, vatambi izvo zvave magamba. Plot hwaro - the umhare chiitiko apo ". Yedu ibudirire urove pamusoro mhosva nechisimba uye vadzvinyiriri yeRussia" Zvarakanyorwa ndima chaiyo, inonzi yakakura. Izvi tonic ndima, umo imwe nhamba akasimbisa mabhii por mutsetse.

Epics: tsanangudzo Genre

Epics kwakaitwa nyaya, kazhinji vachifambidzana pachake nembira nokuimba. Epics zvisina kunyorwa, uye vanyori, ivo vanonyora USINGAZIKAMWI. Somugumisiro, ichi nziyo paakaita chokuita dzaiita zvokutaurwa zvavo unyanzvi. nziyo Ava kujairika pakuti havana kuti senhetembo, asi yakawanda enhetembo majana (parallelisms, epithets, kuenzanisa). Epics dzine zvikamu zviviri: kuti intonation (sechipiriso mutemo, mumwe storyteller kwake) uye basa pacharo, chii chave tsanangudzo "yakakura". Nokuti kuti yakakura isina kunyorwa, mumwe storyteller rinounza kwavari chinhu yavo, pane dzakasiyana inoverengeka nziyo musi iwoyo zano.

historicism

Pakanga pane hwaro chaihwo yekare paakaita nziyo? Zvakanga. Sakharov asina kukanganisa kana akashandisa tsanangudzo shoko "paakaita" mazuva ekare. Zvisinei, guva them Muromtsa ariko, ari Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Pane magwaro anotaura zvakananga kuti mamwe magamba - Alyosha Popovich, uyo akaurayiwa muna Hondo Kalka. The Novgorod Chronicle anorondedzera sei mumwe hunhu paakaita Stavr Godinovich, kubirwa vanhu vaviri Novgorod, nekuti wakange akaranga Vladimirom Monomahom. Nokurondedzerwa ukama, upenyu, kusango, apo chiito yakakura, rwakakudzwa yakarurama. Asi hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti yakakura - kwete kunyora, uye dzaiimbwa nomusoro vemifananidzo zhinji. Handiti, vaya basa ravo kuimba uye havana kuziva tsanangudzo "yakakura" uye havana kuziva kuti nguva ichauya apo izvi zvose zvichava chinhu kudzidza. Saka, mumwe zana muzana historicism havasi uye haagoni kuva.

Yakakurumbira paakaita magamba

Dangwe Epic magamba - Svyatogor. Ndiye kwazvo kuti zvakaoma pasi. Legends nezvake vakanga zvakapararira munzvimbo dokievsky munguva. Svjatogor asati afa akapa simba ravo uye zvombo Ile Muromtsu.

Akatevera matatu magamba dzakakurumbira, izvo isu Maiona pamusoro eponymous kupenda kubudikidza Vasnetsov: Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich uye Alyosha Popovich.

Muromets - magamba inozivikanwa kwazvo Russian ngano, pasinei nokuti akaudza nezvazvo zvikuru paya pane satellites dzayo Vasnetsov kupenda. Kubva zita rayo zviri pachena kuti akaberekwa muna Murom. Munguva epics, vakarondedzera hwake, ataurwa nzvimbo yaizoberekerwa: musha Karacharovo. Narrators akamurondedzera sendarama simba pakati magamba matatu, michina, vachena Bearded murwi.

Dobrynya Nikitich - kupfuura nedzenyu pamusoro nevatatu. Nounyanzvi negotiator. Aizivikanwa zmeeborets. The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo of yakakura gamba raiva guta Ryazan.

Alyosha Popovich - muduku voumhare vatatu. Akaberekerwa mumhuri mupristi muguta Rostov. Heather anofarira majee, ratidza kure muvengi. Sharp-pamuromo. Sezvo vachiti, vaduku, girini. Zviya, kusvikira zvino Alesha unhu huri pamakakatanwa pakati vaongorori uye paakaita unyanzvi kare. Chokwadi kuti kutaurwa rufu Popovic imomo yaMakoronike netsananguro Hondo Kalka River. Izvi chinofukidzwa kumusoro. Asi renhoroondo dzamadzimambo yaMakoronike, iye ainzi Alexander. Zvino masayendisiti ari scratching misoro yavo, pokutanga: Chronicle, uye ipapo paakaita pamusoro wechiduku gamba ndianiko epics, uye ipapo imi kunyora mu yenhau. gakava Izvi zvinokosha, nokuti kana wokutanga waiva zvinyorwa, asi epics vakanga riine chaicho-upenyu murwi.

Mugumisiro bylinas Russian tsika

Great. Kunokosha. Kazhinji, izvi Sub-dingindira anogona kuva yoga nyaya.

Kufungisisa paakaita okugadzira zvinhu yatinowana rengano, AS Pushkin, mune enhetembo ballads A.Tolstoy.

Ndianiko asingazivi nezvimwe wechipiri Borodin, unonzi - "Warriors"? Kohl Achitaura mimhanzi, chii havasi yeuka dhanzi "Sadko" by Rimsky-Korsakov?

Subject paakaita magamba kare uye akafuridzira Vasnetsov, Vrubel uye Bilibin.

Ndiko, tinogona nechivimbo vanoti yakakura - rakadzika, hariperi tsime femero kuumba mavara mifananidzo magamba Russian, uyewo rondedzero dzekare Russia.