Fonvizina inoshanda: mazita mabasa

Chii mabasa Fonvizin anozivikanwa kuvaverengi vemazuva ano? Chokwadi, "Oaf." Handiti, mutambo ndiyo chikamu chikoro hweutungamiri. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kunyorwa munyori Russian ndezvaJehovha kutsoropodza nyaya, shanduro dzimwe vanyori. Zvisinei, mabasa chaiko uye satirical kunyora pamusoro vasingazivi mhuri Prost inoshanda Fonvizin kwete shoma.

Chiizve akanyora musiki zvezvipfuwo Comedy? Uye nei mumakore ake akazotevera kuti munyori, "ignoramus" Zvakanga zvakaoma kubudisa zvisikwa zvavo?

Russian munyori vemamwe mavambo

Munyori aigara uye aishanda nguva Catherine. Fonvizina anoshanda asingadi vasikwa kana mumwe madzitateguru mutambo havana kuwana mumwe muutapwa Russian. Zvisinei, The musiki vatambi akadai Prostakov Starodum uye Mitrofanushka aiva vavatorwa mavambo, chainyanya Russian evanyori zvose Russian pamusoro namasere remakore. Kanenge sezvo zvakawanda nezvake Pushkin akati.

shanduro mabasa

Munyori ari kusekondari, ipapo ndakava mudzidzi ari rorusununguko Philosophy. Fonvizina mabasa anomiririra porusvingo chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo art nemisere remakore. Zvisinei, usati wawana kukudzwa, mumwe munyori kwemakore akawanda poring pamusoro shanduro akakurumbira wokumwe uye kunyange yekare playwrights. Uye chete uwane ruzivo, akatanga kunyora yapakuvamba nziyo.

Mabhuku shanduro protagonist ino akatanga netsaona. Kamwe mumwe St. Petersburg booksellers akanzwa yaro rakaisvonaka ruzivo mitauro yokumwe. Entrepreneur akakoka jaya kushandura kupinda Russian mabasa Ludvig Holberg. Denis Fonvizin kukurira basa. Ipapo akawira pasi yakawanda inopiwa kubva vaparidzi.

mabhuku basa

Kana akatanga kuonekwa mabasa yepakutanga Fonvizin? The pamazita mabasa ake muduku. Pasi mazita mabasa zvinoshamisa uye mabhuku enyika dingindira. Asi mashoko okutanga mashoma anofanira akati pamusoro nemaonero nemunyori.

In yechipiri yezana namasere remakore muEurope yaiva mufashoni redzidzo kufunga, mumwe havaoni rakanga Voltaire. munyori Russian vanofara kushandura mabasa satirist French. Humor, izvo zvakasiyana Fonvizina anoshanda ari dzekare manyorerwo, zvichida, aiva inoti, yakanga kufurirwa Voltaire kuti okugadzira zvinhu. Mumakore apo munyori vakashanyira chitendero hachina basa muupenyu kushingaira kunyanya zvikwata, mutambo yakatanga akasikwa.

"Foreman"

Zvidzidzo chaiko akabatsira Fonvizin kukwira manera achiri muduku, asi aiva ngozi chaizvo emunyori okugadzira zvinhu pakukwegura. Translation aviary nenhamo akasimbisa Empress. A kunyanya kubudirira ainakidzwa mutambo "Brigadier".

publicism

Muna 1769, munyori akapinda basa Count Panin, izvo chakaita kuti kunyora enyika yekutanga. Zita basa iri inopindirana zvizere nguva iyo munyori akararama, "Nhaurirano iri vaparadza chero hurumende mamiriro uye ehurumende zyblemom Empire uye pamadzimambo."

Munguva Catherine vanhu vakadzidza akaratidza pachavo zvikuru flowery, kunyange mambokadzi pachake, izvo, sezvinei, haana kuita basa. Chokwadi ndechokuti basa iri, munyori vakatsoropodza uye Catherine, uye vake vaaida, vachirayira yepamutemo kuchinja. Muchiitiko chino, kunyange akamboda kutyisidzira nevapanduki.

In Paris

Anopfuura makore maviri mubasa France Fonvizin. Kubva ipapo, aiva dzose kunyorerana Panin uye nevamwe vanhu vaiva nemafungiro akafanana neangu. Social uye evanhu vaiva ainyanya zvose tsamba zvinyorwa. Journalistic inoshanda Fonvizin, ndandanda chiri zvishoma kuvazivisa vomuzuva, pasinei kusavapo wakaoma kusenza mumakore iwayo yanyatisa nenyota shanduko, kuchinja mweya.

political maonero

Pashure pokushanya kuFrance, Denis Fonvizin akanyora itsva "nharo". nguva ino, vakanga vakazvipira mitemo hurumende. In basa iri munyori akamutsa mubvunzo pamusoro serfdom. Nechokwadi kudiwa kuiparadza, akanga achiri pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu "Pugachev" uye naizvozvo zvinganaka kubvisa serfdom mwero zvishoma nezvishoma.

Fonvizin akanga achiparidza mumabhuku basa kusvikira parufu rwake. Asi nokuda asambofarirwa of Empress akanga asingakwanisi kubudisa mabasa ake zviunganidzwe. Pakupedzisira, zvinokosha kutaura mabasa Fonvizin.

mazita emabhuku

1. "Foreman".
2. "Oaf."
3. "Nharo pamusoro inokosha mitemo nehurumende."
4. "Kusarudza nomuperekedzi."
5. "Kukurukura pana Princess Haldin."
6. "Confession."
7. "Korionov."

"Confession," munyori akasika, ava nemakore mazhinji. Basa iri ndiro autobiographical. Mumakore achangopfuura, munyori Fonvizin kunyanya akanyora nyaya mumagazini. Munhoroondo mabhuku Russian, Fonvizin akauya ari munyori comedies vari Genre pamusoro classicism. Chii murayiridzo ichi? Ndezvipi zvachiri?

mabasa Fonvizin

Classicism ndiye mirayiridzo, kunobva mirawu rationalism. Mabasa kuuya kuwirirana kutenda uye zvachose akabvumirana enhetembo normativity. Magamba enyika mutambo "The Minor" vari rakakamurwa akanaka uye kunaka. Dzinopikisana mifananidzo haasi pano. Uye zvakare anozivikanwa classicism.

Akazvarwa mirayiridzo iyi muFrance. The Russian classicism akasiyana satirical nemunhu. In mabasa French playwrights pakutanga raiva dingindira yekare. For Russian classicism hunhu National-munhoroondo motifs.

The chikuru chinoratidza mabasa inoshamisa nemasere remakore - kubatana nguva uye nzvimbo. Events "Oaf" kuitika mumhuri Prost musha. Zvose inorondedzerwa mutambo, kwapera mumaawa maviri nezvina. Fonvizin akapa vatambi ake taura mazita. Skotinin vanorota mumisha umo zvizhinji renguruve kufudza. Vralman anonyepedzera kujekesera Mitrofanushka, apo kudzidzisa ignoramus mu chinotokurudzira zvikuru zvinotyisa mukusaziva.

The mutambo zvinovhiringidzika dingindira dzidzo. Educational Pfungwa akava chinokosha kwakabatsira ose mabasa Fonvizin. The munyori aida kuchinja zvematongerwo enyika. Asi ndinotenda kuti pasina dzidzo, kuchinja chero kuchaita kuti nokumukira, "Pugachev" kana dzinoodza mumagariro uye enyika yakaipa.