Fuel indasitiri

Mafuta indasitiri (TA) - mumwe mugodhi uye kubudiswa simba zvinhu. Zvinosanganisira gasi, marasha, mafuta, peat indasitiri. The mafuta indasitiri ndechimwe chikuru pamatavi rinorema indasitiri.

Kukura chinotsva indasitiri munyika zvakananga anoenderana chii mbishi pfuma panguva yayo inoraswa. Somuenzaniso, kuRussia mafuta indasitiri anoshanda achinyanya pahwaro gasi uye mafuta indasitiri. In Ukraine, chikuru mafuta zvekuvaka ndiyo marasha. The mafuta Indasitiri muna Belarus ari kukura nokuda dzokubudisa uye kubudiswa peat. Also kushandiswa nevamwe mhando huni, asi munyaya ino tichakurukura kungogumira dzinokosha mashoko.

The mafuta Indasitiri mu Russia ine mapazi matatu. Izvi mafuta, gasi uye marasha Mazinga.

The mafuta indasitiri ndiye aitungamirira nemauto ari mafuta uye simba yakaoma. Panguva yose yakati sandara, Russia pokutanga wechipiri ari kugadzirwa uye pakuchenesa mafuta uye vokutanga reserves uye gasi kugadzirwa. The mafuta runobereka nyika huru dziri zvigadziko West Siberian (70% of zvachose mafuta ikabereka) uye Volga-Ural (20%). Inenge hafu yose mafuta anobudiswa iri aivigirwa muchimiro zvigadzirwa mafuta kunyika pedyo. Sezvo zvokufambisa ramafuta - kwacho hakusi chisingakoshi, nokuti nokupfuuridzirwa zvinhu pamusoro refu daro mafuta Mapaipi yakavakwa, ya inova 48 zviuru? Km ..

The chikuru Chikamu Russian gasi indasitiri achingoraramira pahwaro Orenburg, Astrakhan uye West Siberian minda. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira Scout nyanzvi chigayo anogona kugamuchira mumwe chikuru gasi kugadzirwa nechigadziko - muminda Sakhalin uye Yakutia. For mapaipi akatakura gasi rakashandiswa, yose kureba -. Vanenge 150 zviuru Km.

Pashure kuwanikwa gasi minda uye mafuta kushandiswa marasha ave mafuta shoma yekudyidzana. Kana mumakore 50 mugove marasha indasitiri chakaita kuti 60% yose mafuta zvekutepfenyura munyika, munguva yedu, mufananidzo uyu akawira 11%. Ichi kuderera nokukurumidza imhaka kwete chete kune yose kukurumbira mafuta uye gasi. Coal kuchera, oddly zvakakwana, zvinoda zvikuru avo dzikawanda zvinhu uye mumuviri mari. Izvi kuchera, uye zvokushandisa, izvo zvino kunoda mazuvaano uye unhu zvikaramba mbishi zvinhu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mari inogona kupfuura kwemari. Nyore uye yakachipa pashiri nzira kuti marasha kuchera mu yamabwe (kuvhura). Inenge 2/3 of nhamba anogadzirwa munyika marasha akatorazve nenzira iyi. marasha rakavhurika kukandira mugodhi chete kumabvazuva dziri nyika.

World Fuel Industry

The yose simba Bhizimisi iri nezvezvandaifanira mafuta, gasi uye marasha Mazinga. Extraction uye kugadzira mafuta anobata munyika 75. The vaitungamirira nyika Saudi Arabia. Russia panzvimbo yechipiri, vakatevera neUnited States, Mexico, United Arab Emirates, etc.

The gasi indasitiri kunokudziridzwa zvakanaka munyika 60. In indasitiri ino, Russia panzvimbo yokutanga, pamusoro rechipiri - United States, ipapo - Canada, Turkmenistan, etc.

The marasha indasitiri ndiyo nyika nhasi hwapedyo zvishoma nezvishoma, sezvo mafuta uye gasi, vanenge vakaritsiva nemazita musika nyika. Coal dzinowanzotsigi- ufungisise nyika nayo uye mushoma. Nokuti ekisipoti ndiyo chete 10%.

Maererano nezvokurara, marasha reserves kwakakwanira anenge mumwe makore 240, apo gasi - chete 65, uye mafuta - kwemakore 50. On hwaro ichi, tinogona kutaura chokwadi kuti pashure pechinguva kushandisa marasha ave mafuta kuti zvakare kugara munhu kutungamirira chinzvimbo yose mafuta indasitiri.