Ndiani akazogadzira bhasikoro - German kana Russian yaipinda Dresen Artamonov?

Kazhinji, Russian, mberi vanhu mune dzimwe nyika, haachaoni vanokanganwa pamusoro zvishoma zvinhu - kugadzirisa chokwadi riini, kunyora nayo yakabudisa bhuku rainzi anodiwa patents uye Copyright certificate. Munyika zvinozivikanwa kuti redhiyo yokutanga yakaitwa Marconi. Ndiani akazogadzira vhiri? Unoziva sei? Eya, Chokwadi, Baron of Dresen! VeGermany ava akazochena, kwakadaro zvinhu ...

Hezvinoi, munyika muenzaniso bhasikoro rokutanga rakanyorwawo. The mufananidzo rinoratidza kuti pamatanda vemiti yake, vane mudhiraivho uye padded chigaro. Kazhinji, kana kuonekwa kure, vamwe zvakafanana ne ano mbiri-mavhiri mabhiza ikoko, asi pakunyanya afanane sidewall engoro, kubviswa vakasara nhengo dzayo. Kunyange zvakadaro, iye umire miziyamu, chokwadi chinoramba. ari muvambi pachake muna 1817 akamudana muchina kufamba, uye vachitevera ichangoburwa hwokugadzira pfungwa uye analogues, yakadai mashandiro aigona kunzi sikuta.

The mashoko zvino anogona kunzi yezvechitendero: a serf Artamonov pamusoro Nizhny Tagil muna 1801 akauya aine mbiri-mavhiri simbi chitiviri mashandiro pamwe gozvo uye kumboidza izvozvo, vachifamba anenge zviuru zviviri makiromita kubva St. Petersburg kuna Verkhoturye. Paavhareji nokukurumidza yakanga makiromita gumi paawa, yakanga kubudirira kuburikidza pamberi vhiri aiva dhayamita yakakura kupfuura rwemberi. Pashure run ichi nokuratidzira pana Khodynka motokari waibatanidzwa dzakaunganidzwa isingawanzowanikwi uye dzisingazikamwi zvinhu munyika akanga mubayiro rusununguko uye zvishoma mari, uye ichi varaidza chaizvo chiitiko pashure nguva kukanganwika. Zvino kana kwete kurangarira ndiani akazogadzira bhasikoro?

Asi mberi hazvirevi mirai, uye tinofanira kuripa mutero mhizha European - hapana michina pfungwa kubva Artamonov ivo chikwereti. Vakaedza nokutendeseka kuti reinvent vhiri. Vavambi havambofi mhosva plagiarism, nokuti motokari riri tsandanyama traction, iyo dzaitaurwa Paris makore manomwe, kuti gozvo akanga asina, sezvo That the pedals. Pasinei vakadaro vakaparadzana zvivako, nokugadzirwa akaita chishamiso. About uyo akazogadzira bhasikoro muFrance, nyaya, nenzira, zvakare chinyararire. Achida pahesera mavhiri maviri, kungoita amene pasi, zvakanga hwapararira. Yakanga uye paiva zita rine mazwi maviri rechiLatin rinoreva "nokukurumidza" uye "makumbo".

Zvino zvakare pamusoro ndiani akazogadzira bhasikoro, pamusoro Baron Karle Dreze. chokwadi mwana wake kupatsanurwa pane chinyakare French DIY kuvapo gozvo. Ichi chinhu chinokosha utsanzi akabvumira pahuma yake korona aine welaurel chishongo pokutanga.

Mune ramangwana, zera-matatu namashanu - mana vokuGermany nechivimbo muna kutungamirira bhasikoro indasitiri mu maindasitiri kugadzirwa. Fisher wafungidzira asi kuisa chitiviri kuti crank mashandiro. The vhiri mberi vakatanga kuita kupa rapidity yakawanda. Kwakadaro vanoronga kinematic akagashira bumbiro remitemo zita "dandemutande", asi kutaura zvazviri yakanga yakafanana Artamonovskaya marongerwo.

Zvino hazvina basa uyo akazogadzira bhasikoro. Pasinei nyore design, izvozvo zvakasimbisa pave pneumatic matai, izvo nokukurumidza akatanga kuiswa pa mota. Panguva ino, vokuBritain, Thomson uye Dunlop, yakagadzirwa uye akavashandisa bhasikoro mavhiri. Zvisinei, uye pano pasina yedu haina kuitwa: muvambi Ivanova aronga anogadzirwa yoga uye kamera casing.