GAZ-M21: tsanangudzo, mifananidzo

GAZ-M21 imotokari yeVolga yakagadzirwa kwemakore gumi nemana kubva muna 1956. Kuvandudzwa kwemotokari, iyo yakazonzi zita reGAZ-21, yakatanga muna 1951. Izvi zvakaitika nekuti mhando yekare yakange isina nguva uye isina kukodzera Pasi pemitemo uye zvinodiwa nevatyairi. Kunyange zvakadaro, pfungwa yekugadzirwa yakasikwa, uye yakateverwa nguva yose, kusvikira motokari yakagumburwa kusvika pakuiswa kwekuvandudzwa patsva. Panguva iyoyo aviation uye rocket vavariro yakave yakakurumbira, saka GAZ-M21 interface, iyo mifananidzo iri pasi apa, yakakurumidza kurova nekukwezva vatengi nekuda kwekudziviswa, asi panguva imwechete inonakidza uye yakanaka kune chitarisiko.

Chigadzirwa

Kana tikacherechedza maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvemakore iwayo, zvino tinogona kutaura zvakasimba kuti zvinhu zvakashanduka zvakasara hazvina motokari. Asi nokuda kweSoviet Union motokari yaitarisa yakachena, inonakidza uye inokwezva. Zvinosuruvarisa, mukati me "Volga" zvakakurumidza kupera, nokuti maitiro akachinja gore rose. Yakave muna 1958 kugadzirwa kweGAZ-M21 kwakanga kusina basa uye kunoda kuvandudzwa.

Kugadzirwa kwemotokari kwakashandurwa mumakore ekuma 60, saka akawana kuonekwa kweEurope. Mutevedzeri wave wakanyanya kuchenjerera, wakasimba uye wakagadzikana. Icho chakava chekuita pakunotenga ichi sarudzo kune hurumende inoda.

Zvichitevedzwa muhutano hwemagetsi

I-GAZ-M21, iyo inyanzvi yezvigadzirwa zvezvinhu zvinorondedzerwa pasi apa, yakanga ine kugadzirisa kwakakodzera kwemigwagwa mumigwagwa yeU.SR. Zvinhu zvemotokari zvaive zvakangofanana nemaAmerican. Saroni yakagadzirirwa vanhu 5-6. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti iyo sofa mumutsara wechipiri ine zviyero zvinoshamisa. Iyo injini, yakakwira pamotokari, ine magadzirirwe mana uye yakashanda pairi nekutengesa kushanduka. Nenzira, iyo yekupedzisira yakakweretwa kubva kuAmerican company Ford. Mutumbi waiva neunhu hunhu hwe "Kukunda", kumiswa kwakatorwawo kubva mumotokari iyi. Yokutanga yakanga isingagadziri kupisa, kunyanya kuoma uye kuoma, izvo zvakachengetedza kufamba kwakachengeteka.

Zvinyorwa zveGAZ-M21

Purogiramu yekutanga yemotokari yaive nemucheka wechiriry. Iye, pamwe chete nemimwe miviri miviri, iyo yakanga iriwo vatungamiri vemotokari iri pasi pekuongororwa, yakaendeswa mberi. Motokari imwe bedzi yakanga yakagadzirwa nehutachiona hwekutengesa, iyo yose - imwe yemagetsi. Pane kunze kwekunze kwaivawo zvakasiyana-siyana-imwe girazi rejeri, bundu, muviri, zvimwe zvekushongedza mumakamuri, nezvimwewo.

Iko nhamba yekufananidzira nhatu yakagadzirwa muna 1955 munguva yegore. Haana kuenda kunhandaidza. Munguva imwecheteyo, iyi muenzaniso uye imwe iyo mbiri yakagamuchira imwe grille.

Kutanga kukohwa

Shanduro dzekutanga dzeGAZ-M21 mhando dzakagadzirwa pakugadzirwa muna 1956. Panguva iyi nguva makopi mashanu akabudiswa.

Kuedzwa kwemuenzaniso kwakapera kwenguva refu uye, zvichida, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Munguva yekupera-yechando nguva yemotokari yakapfuura makiromita zviuru makumi maviri. Akafambisa mumigwagwa yeUkraine, Russia, Belarus, neCaucasus. Chikamu chokupedzisira chekuedzwa chakaitwa muMoscow. Munguva iyi, zvikanganiso zvakaringana zvakaonekwa, asi zvizhinji zvacho zvakabviswa pakarepo. Izvo zvakanga zvisati zvasimwa pakarepo, zvakaramba zviripo kusvikira pakuguma kwekusunungurwa kwemuenzaniso kana mushure mechinguva ivo vaikwanisa kugadzirisa zvemazuva ano.

Initial Release

Mushandi weGAZ-M21 waiva mu-pre-akabudiswa kusunungurwa kwemakore maviri. Zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakauya kuvanhu, izvo zvakanga zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe pakuonekwa uye mukati memaonero. Pakupedzisira, zvakasiyana zvachose. Zvakanga zvakasiyana-siyana zvakanga zvakaita chrome-plated yakagadzirirwa. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva, yakapiwa sechimwe chikwata uye, maererano naizvozvo, nemari. Sezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinokwanisika kucherechedza maitiro auscharacteristic mamwe emotokari yepamberi nemasuo emashure.

Zvizvarwa (kana nyaya)

Vagadziri vane mazita akasiyana ezvimwe nyaya dzeVolga. Pane zvikamu zvitatu zvakarongwa - 1957, 1959 uye 1962. Kugadzirisa kweGAZ-M21 yezvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana kwakange yakafanana, ndicho chikonzero kuti zvisingakwanisi kunzwisisa kuti kuchinjwa kwemotokari ndeipi. Chokutanga pane izvi, izvi zvinobva pakuti nhamba yakawanda yezvirongwa yakagadzirwa "kwete nharaunda" mauniti.

Uyewo misiyano huru ndiyo mvura. Icho chinhu chiduku chinopoteredza denga. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kudzivirira mvura kupinda mukati.

Série №1

Mutsara wekutanga weGAZ-M21, mufananidzo waro uri pasi, wakabudiswa makore maviri, kubva muna 1956 kusvika muna 1958. Muvanhu iyi muenzaniso unonyanya kuzivikanwa pasi pezita "neyeredzi". Mugore rokutanga rekugadzirwa, mabhiza mashanu chete akabva pagungano. Chibage chikuru chakatanga muna 1957.

Pakutanga, rutsva rwekutanga rwakanga rwakaungana ne injini kubva "Kukunda". Mune mamwe mahofisi ehurumende zvinotaurwa kuti mufananidzo wakadaro wakangopiwa chete kune imwe nguva, uye nhamba yemotokari yaive yakananga kune yakanyatsorongeka ye 1100. Zvisinei, mashoko aya haana kururama. "Volga" yakabudiswa neungano yakadaro kusvika pakuguma kwemagetsi. Kupfuura nguva yose, makopi 30 000 akabudiswa uye akatengwa.

Série №2

Kubva muna 1959, yechipiri motokari yakatevedzana yakagadzirwa. Pamberi pekugadziriswa, basa duku rakaitwa kune kunze nekunze maitiro. Chaizvoizvo, shanduko dzave dzakabata mukati. MunaFebruary 59 shanduro yechipiri yakashandiswa. Panguva ino akabata magetsi, dashboard. Zvechokwadi, sezviri mune zvese zvekugadzirisa, kune zvinyorwa izvi, kuchinja kusingagoni kuonekwa kubva kune yekutanga. I-GAZ-M21 haina kudaro.

Nyaya yechipiri yakagadzirwa nemutumbi wakashandurwa, uyo ane maAmerica. Zvisinei, sarudzo yakadaro haina kuenda mukugadzirwa. Kwemakore ose ekugadzirwa (kubva muna 1959 kusvika muna 1962) dzinopfuura 120 zviuru zvemotokari zvakabuda pagungano.

Série №3

Iko kushandurwa kwave kwakave kwakakurumbira. Kuonekwa kwepakutanga kwakatevedzana kwakange kusina kushanda nokukurumidza, asi mugadziri aisazogadzirisa GAZ-M21. "Volga" mukugadzirisa kwechitatu kwakaendeswa kune mutengi angangodaro ane bundu idzva uye mamwe mashoko akabatanidzwa mumuviri. Nokufamba kwenguva, girairi rairator rakashandurwa. Mushure mekuda kwemazuva ano, kunze kwemotokari kwakashandurwa zvakanyanya - yakave yakanyanya kuoma, nyore. Muenzaniso wacho kazhinji waifananidzwa nemotokari inonzi "Seagull".

Pamwe chete nekuchinja kwekunyora, tinogona kuona zvinyorwa zvishoma maererano nezvesayenzi. Semuenzaniso, injini yemagetsi yemakore 75 yakanyanya kuva nesimba. Shanduro ine gearbox inotsvaga yakabviswa zvachose kubva pakugadzirwa.

Kugadzirisa kwemaitiro

Motokari yacho yakabudiswa mumitauro miviri - neyakati yemaitiro mukati uye yakavandudzwa. Izvozvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvaizivikanwa necheti ye chrome-plated uye yakagadzikana. Mushonga wakadaro wakagadzirwa zvakawanda kune zvekutengesa, kunyange zvazvo waipiwawo kumisika yeU.SR. Uyezve, "mararamiro chrome" anogona kuiswa pamhando chero ipi zvayo ye "Volga", saka hazvibviri kutaura zvakananga kana yakagadzirwa kubva pagungano.

Paivawo nemasarudzo akadaro umo kupedzisa kumwe kwaigona kuva magwaro akakwana akazara. Chokutanga, tinenge tichitaura nezvemotokari ine chikwata chinowedzera (kutengeserana) uye ine injini inowanikwa.

Vane-gumbo motokari yemotokari

Iyi shanduro yeGAZ-21 haina kupinda mukugadzirwa kwemazhinji. Imotokari ine motokari yakazara iri mufananidzo we sedan uye munhu akashandura zvinhu zvakabudiswa. Maererano nedzimwe shanduro, chisarudzo chokupedzisira kunyange chaiva cheBrzhnev, paakaenda kunditsvaga.

Maererano nemashoko asina ruzivo, izvi zvienzaniso zvaive "collab" yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zveVolga. Chinhu choga, kuburitsa kwavo kwakagadzirwa mukuti zviyero izvi, izvo zvakaiswa pamidziyo, zvakakonzerwa nemotokari dzese. Izvo zvakasikwa kwete mune zvinyorwa, asi mumararoni ekugadzirisa magetsi, mumagaraji, mauto ehondo, nezvimwewo.

The Red East

Chinhu chinonakidza ndechokuti muChina analogu yeGAZ-21 yakagadzirwa, iyo yakanga yakafanana zvakakwana kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvepakutanga maererano nehutano hwemhando. Iko mukati memotokari yakanga yakasiyana zvakasiyana. Pamusika wemusha "Red East" yakapiwa makore gumi. Zvikwata zvaiiswa pamotokari zvakatengwa kubva kuU.SR, uye miviri yakaitwa nemaoko.