German Truck "Opel Blitz": nhoroondo uye unhu

"Opel Blitz" - nayo kunge ndicho chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira marori ari Second World War. Mumuchina anozivikanwa, nekuti ine vakawanda. Takaziva kuti motokari uye USSR. Paivawo mana nemavhiri shanduro. Asi nezvazvo vaiziva zvishoma, kunyange mumwe zvemberi rinotumira nguva.

The Marori yokutanga chaizvo "Opel Blitz", vakawana muchimiro mikombe, Chokwadi, akamutsa zvechokwadi kufarira zvose. Motokari haana dzinonakidza chete nekuda kusvikira kwa1941, vose mikombe yaunganidzwa uto eSoviet, akatarisa kushoma chaizvo - kunyanya varwi panguva shure akapa motokari dzavo nezvimwewo vaimupikisa. Kugadzirwa German motokari indasitiri aigona kushamisa - michina vakanga zvikuru vakakwana. Vehicles akadai mana nemavhiri "Blitz" iri USSR uye haana zvachose.

mheni

History of Truck German "Opel Blitz" uye chikamu chimwe mikuru vechikamu hondo yakatanga kupfuura murunyararo. The motokari vakatanga kuvaka yechi30 gore. The kambani "Opel", iro gore rakapera akava zvinhu "General Motors", yakatanga dzakatevedzana yokutevedzera motokari ine payload rimwe tani. The "Opel", kusika muchina uyu, ngwarira varege Reichswehr - ipapo mauto eGermany haana kusiyana kana nechisimba kana zvinhu rutsigiro. Germany kudiwa kutengeka, panguva iyoyo yakavimbika uye hunogara marori.

Motokari Commercial uye harichambonyanyi kutumidzwa mazita akakodzera. Mumakore iwayo, nzira iyi akaita zvakanga itsva. Kunyanya kuti "Mheni" (rinoshandurwa kuti se "Blitz"), raizoenderana hombe yemitambo motokari kana Ndege yehondo. Asi motokari "Opel Blitz (Mheni)" chaiva runyararo. Asi muna 1935 zvinhu zvakachinja sezvo nguva vakachinja, uye nokuda German automaker. Yakanga iri gore rino muBrandenburg apedza kuvaka fekitari ano, apo akanga akaronga kuti pave chete mumarori. Zvino Reich michina izvi zvinoda napo. I akasimbisa rori kusvika 3 matani. Akauya munyika mune rechi37.

Features uye Magadzirirwo

The motokari panguva yakanga sechinhu akakwana. The kabhini, rakagadzirirwa vanhu vatatu, akatarisa zvikuru akanaka. Sezvo-humburumbira matanhatu injini, vokuGermany akashandisa 3,6-fő Unit, zvaakapiwa 75 zvapano Anawo chikwata kana yakaiswa pamusoro mufambi flagship muenzaniso German muchiso.

Vaviri rakawedzerwa injini uye shanu-nokukurumidza Chinyorwa hutachiwana chete-ndiro rakaoma batira. Mumuchina vakapakata hydraulic kuvhunduka absorbers. On mugwagwa "Opel Blitz" yakadaro simba chikamu yaigona nokukurumidza 90 km / h, kuti zvakanga yakakwirira zvikuru nokukurumidza panguva. Mafuta kunwa ranged kubva 25 kusvika 36 litres muzana 100 km.

mhando izvi ipapo wazova zvikuru Wehrmacht. Zvisinei, pamwe monoprivodnom motokari zvakanga zvakakodzera chaizvo uye zvose-nemavhiri rori. Military incursions uye rutsigiro yakaitwa dzakawanda dzenyika - vose zvakasiyana. Sezvingatarisirwa, ipapo apo hondo vakaenda Reich, mugwagwa wakanga asiri pamberi. The chikuru shanduro rwemberi-vhiri mutoro-Kutakura inokwana 3,3 matani wazara kunonyanyisa guru 5800 makirogiramu. Kusunungurwa yayo 37 kusvika 44 makore. The muchina aiva wheelbase pakati 3.600 mm uye mumugwagwa kurema Rori iri 2500 makirogiramu. Motokari akashongedzerwa rimwe chete mafuta tangi 82 litres. Motokari vaivawo mukana wose kuti sorwonzi turera yairema matani maviri.

40, pachiimbwa monoprivodnom shanduro vakatanga kubereka uye zvose-nemavhiri womuenzaniso. Pano, mbiri-nokukurumidza kuchinjirwa bhokisi kuiswa kuwedzera imwe shanu-nokukurumidza hutachiwana.

injini

Simba chikwata vakanda 75 horsepower ari Vhoriyamu 3.6 litres. Injini ichi kare yakaiswa pamusoro motokari "Admiral", uye zvakanga zvakajairika tsika kuti kambani. The kunonyanyisa torque pamusoro injini akaratidzwa pa 3120 Zvak / min. Engine waivako rakaenderana Soviet zis-5, asi vokuGermany akanga atova chiduku vhoriyamu aruminiyamu crankcase, humburumbira musoro yakagadzirwa kukandira simbi.

ichi injini compression reshiyo waivawo zvakarurama "mutakurwi". For vakarongeka mudzimu injini vanofanira uchapedza chete unhu mafuta. Izvi zvachose anobvisa mukana kushandisa mafuta akabatwa kuMabvazuva.

Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, muna January 1942, "Opel" vakatanga kuva injini nadzurudzo pamwe yakaderera compression reshiyo. kuchinja izvi wauisa zvinoderedza simba kusvika 68 horsepower. Kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza yakaderera kusvika 80 km / h. The muchina aiva akanaka kuchengeterwa mumotokari yakanga nepokuongorora mafuta mumota kuti 92 litres.

Pamwe mazuvaano dzikawedzera mafuta manwiro: motokari akatanga uchapedza kusvika marita 30 yepamusoro mugwagwa uye vanenge 40 litres vari kure-munzira ezvinhu.

Four-nemavhiri

Nyanzvi-kare Germany yemotokari indasitiri muhondo, vakati "Opel Blitz" Wehrmacht-nemavhiri (chakagadzirirwa muna yechi38 gore) haana kusikirwa zvinodiwa kuhondo. Ndinotenda zvakaoma chaizvo. Motokari dzinopfuura zvakafanira uye Wehrmacht uye SS. In Reich akanga urongwa zvikuru. Uye ndiani, kana kwete kambani, "Opel", kugadzira uye kuvaka muchina yakadaro. Base zvichienzaniswa monoprivodnom womuenzaniso kwakanga zvishoma pfupi. Standard Rori ane nehwaro 3600 mm. The mberi pamwe injini wakaiswa musana. Clearance akasiya rakafanana raiva. Zviri akaenzana 225 millimeters. Nokuti rori-Nzvimbo hazvisi zvikuru. Zveshure mavhiri vari iiswe. Nokuda traction rori akanaka aigona achikwira kusvika 40 inegumi.

In nokupfuuridzirwa hurongwa, sezvo dzatoona, takawedzera kutamira bhokisi. RESHIYO wayo 1: 1,93. Panguva iyoyowo tiite nokuchinja kubva yokumusoro mutsara rezasi rachulis aigona kuva aifamba - iwe chete vanofanira kushandisa miviri batira kudzvinya. Kwemakore iwayo, mamiriro ichi chave husiri nyore kuwana.

Four-nemavhiri - ndiye wakawedzera throughput uye nemikana yakawanda mumigwagwa. Asi zvakanakira izvi zvakabatsira zvikuru zvibayiro. Saka, wakawedzera throughput, uye pamwe chakatowedzera uye huni rinodyiwa. On pasipoti Data Truck "Opel Blitz" Ndaitofanira uchapedza kusvika 40 litres. huni sangano apo kusina migwagwa. Asi zvinofanira akati kuti, apo varwi eGermany akapinda michina iyi, mafuta vapera haana kukosha. Kunonyanyisa kumhanya mumotokari pamusoro penzira iri 85 km / h.

Miedzo vakaratidza kuti wokuenzanisira rori iri kuzvigona zvakanaka mabasa ayo. Naizvozvo, muna 1940, mumotokari amhanye akatevedzana. Miedzo yokutanga pamusoro mugove chiedza vezvokutengeserana motokari kwakaitika muna 41 fung gore. The muchina kwakaedzwa mu Africa - Marori yakatengwa basa Rommel kuti Corps.

Zvinetso uye nematambudziko

Wheel nemotokari shanduro "Opel Blitz" (ona mufananidzo munyaya ino), tinowana nani zvikuru pane vakaronga blitzkrieg. Hondo nokuti Germany, uye nokuda yose ikava chihombe ropa nenjodzi. Akanzwa vanhu kwete chete, asiwo ano, uye kusanganisira mota. Uye regai motokari eGermany akanga akakwana, asi vakanga mumatsutso 1941 iri chaizvoizvo Kunyudzwa Russian mumatope. Winter frosts injini Russian akaedzwa kuitira kuti zvose akarega kutanga. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro,-vhiri zvose kutyaira German Truck "Opel Blitz" zvishoma nezvisho- kuva dhefisiti.

okunatsiridza

"Blitz" iri zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinenge zvose idzodzo vehondo German. Vakauya mitoro, vachikweva zvokushandisa, zvifambiswe inifanduri.

Marori chassis akagadza akasiyana-siyana yemashoko emapuranga uye simbi miviri namapuranga kunosiyana dzakakwirira, vashandi matende, mabhenji nezvimwe namano. Pahwaro okunatsiridza siyana akasika papuratifomu. Model "Opel Blitz" rakava ichiita mabasa akawanda chaizvo.

Rori kutakura vakakuvadzwa

The kambani German "Mize" yakaiswa pamusoro rori vakagumisa ane utsanana muviri umo kutakura akuvara uye akadziisa uchishandisa mumunda uye murabhoritari. The kambani unoberekawo waifarirwa moto motokari. Mujinga womuenzaniso akashandisa motokari pombi, yakavakwa necheseri-nemotokari papuratifomu. Pahwaro nemavhiri ose nemotokari moto tangi akasikwa.

bhazi W39

Zvichida ichi ndicho chinozivikanwa zvikuru nadzurudzo. Her unogona kuona mufananidzo pazasi. Akagadzirirwa bhazi kuhondo, akasvika nomwoyo-metal muviri. Inside yaigona kukodzera 30-32 munhu. Yakabudiswa michina izvi 39 kusvika '44. Muenzaniso yakanyorerwa kuti chokufambisa varanda kuti utsanana zvinangwa.

Mabhazi izvi vakagara kudzimbahwe, kudhinda. Motokari inogona kusvika nokukurumidza zvakafanana nechepasi womuenzaniso. Mafuta kunwa iri marita anenge matatu paavhareji zana makiromita.

Nadzurudzo of "nyurusi"

42 kusvika 44 makore akabudisa vanenge zviuru zvina hafu-njanji rori-nematarakita anofamba pahwaro "Opel" polnopriovdnogo chassis. Mumwe mienzaniso unokwanisa kuona mufananidzo pazasi. Mune nadzurudzo yokushandisa lightweight injini. The rezinesi chakatengwa isati hondo. Rori vakapakata mukutsigira Disc rollers uye makwara hurongwa anochinja kumhanya kutenderera.

Rakanga mumwe inobudirira zvikuru nemotokari. muenzaniso uyu akakwanisa kutora nzvimbo pakati "Ford" zvigadzirwa chete uye "Klöckner-Deutz". Motokari uremu kwakanga anenge zviuru zvitanhatu makirogiramu, uye 100 makiromita zvakafanira 50 litres peturu. Nokukurumidza iye akakwanisa mhanyisa rori, kuti hapana makiromita anopfuura 38 paawa (nokuti mukuru unladen uremu).

Nhasi unogona kutenga "Opel Blitz (nyurusi)" 1:35. Izvi kuderera womuenzaniso yakarurama. Zvichava dzinonakidza vaya vanofarira zvechiuto uye Automotive nhoroondo. Pahwaro pamusoro chassis akasika uye dzimwe okunatsiridza Zvisinei - awa zvihombe, uye zvikuru akakurumbira.

"Blitz" pashure pehondo

Muzhizha ra1944, pashure zvikuru kubhomba, mbiri fekitari huru "Opel" yakadhirika. Kugadzirwa mumarori izvi yakanga ichinonoka panguva "Daimler-Benz". Pashure pehondo zvose zvokushandisa akaiswa kuna Soviet Union, uye "Opel" pamwe vokuAmerica kuvakazve kugadzirwa uye akaramba kubereka mumarori izvi.

Kwapera makore mashomanana nayo vachasunungurwa "Opel Bedford Blitz", iro richava akasiyana zvakanaka hwokugadzira maitiro uye michina. Asi kuti chimwe nyaya.

mhedziso

Saka isu afunga nhoroondo Truck "Opel Blitz". German "Mheni" - ane analogue kuti "rori" Gorky vake. Asi midziyo yedu eSoviet zvikuru akaomarara. Truck "Opel" vakaramba nditange chakakomba frosts uye nyore kugara "nedumbu" nemhaka 22-sendimita Clearance. To musi, michina izvi zvinogona kuonekwa chete sezvo mumiziyamu kana kuderera mapatani toga kuunganidza.