Glycogen. Chii? Ngationei!

Glycogen chinhu chisinganzwisisiki, kunzwisisa carbohydrate, iyo achiumbwa nedanho glycogenesis shuga anwa pamwe nezvokudya. Kubva makemikari nemaonero zviri pakutsvaga nzira C6H10O5 uye inomiririra colloidal polysaccharide ane zvikuru mapazi ngetani shuga residues. Munyaya ino, tichaudza zvose pamusoro glycogen: chii, chii mabasa avo, uko vari stocking vakakwira. Uyewo, tichaita kutsanangura ndedzipi zvarakasiya iri nedanho synthesizing.

Glycogen: chii uye sei vari synthesized?

Glycogen ndiwo muviri inoda shuga reserves. Muvanhu zvinonzi synthesized sezvinotevera. Yokudya makabhohaidhiretsi (kusanganisira starch uye disaccharides - lactose, maltose uye sucrose) pasi zvinoitwa enzayemu (amylase) vari rwakakamukana mamorekuru zvidiki. Zvadaro, muna duku ura makemikari akadai sucrase, maltase uye pancreatic amylase hydrolyzing kuti carbohydrate residues kuti monosaccharides, kusanganisira shuga. Chimwe chikamu kusunungurwa shuga, kupinda muropa, kuti chiropa, uye umwe zvifambiswe kupinda masero nedzimwe nhengo. Zvakananga masero, kusanganisira tsandanyama, pane kuora dzairamba pakati monosaccharide shuga, unonzi glycolysis. In nedanho glycolysis, kunoitika kana pasina kutora chikamu (Kurovedza uye anaerobic) okisijeni vari synthesized ATP Morekuru, izvo tsime simba mune zvose zvipenyu. Asi kwete yose shuga zvinopinda zvokudya mumuviri womunhu, rwapedzwa kubatana kwetunhu ATP. Part kwayo anochengeterwa muchimiro glycogen. Kwacho kunosanganisira polymerization pamusoro glycogenesis, i.e. ari sequential kuwedzera shuga kune mumwe uye monomers wezvamatongerwe mapazi cheni polysaccharide pasi pokudzora dzakananga makemikari.

Aripiko glycogen?

Tuvana glycogen vakawana muchimiro dzakananga granules vari cytoplasm (cytosol) masero akawanda muviri. Kunyanya yakakwirira zviri glycogen mu chiropa uye tsandanyama tishu. Uye Muscle glycogen - ndimo shuga ndiri kuti tsandanyama masero akawanda (panyaya mutoro), uye kuchengetedza zvakajairika hepatic ropa shuga wevasungwa. Sezvo nerubatsiro izvi makabhohaidhiretsi zvakaoma rinowanika masero etsinga, mwoyo, yeropa, epithelium, connective rinenge riri mucous Kamudzira pamusoro dumbu uye fetus tishu. Saka, isu akatarisa chii chinorehwa nemashoko okuti "glycogen". Chii, zvino zviri pachena. Next, ngatimbotaura pamusoro mabasa avo.

Chii muviri inoda glycogen?

Mumuviri glycogen inoshandiswa sechinhu simba chengetedza. In yenjodzi ezvinhu muviri anogona kubuda mariri kushaiwa shuga. Izvi zvinoitika sei? Glycogen Kuparara kunoitika pakati zvokudya, asi yekudyidzana nokukurumidza munguva zvikuru chaiko basa. Izvi kunoitika kuburikidza cleavage kuti shuga residues pasi pokudzora dzinokosha makemikari. Somugumisiro, glycogen uchiora kune vakasununguka shuga uye shuga-6-phosphate kuti ATP pasina mari.

Seiko tinoda glycogen ari chiropa?

Chiropa chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvomukati dzemuviri. It anoita zvakawanda anokosha. Kusanganisira anotipa kuipa ropa shuga yomuropa, zvakakodzera kuti uropi kushanda. Huru zvigadziriswe iyo kuramba shuga mukati inowanzotorwa siyana - kubva 80 kusvika 120 MG / KE anoteverwa manyowa kubva lipogenesis glycogen gluconeogenesis uye kuchinja mamwe shuga kuti shuga. By achideredza ropa shuga pamwero zvaanopa simba phosphorylase uye ipapo chiropa glycogen iri wakanamatira. Kubva cytoplasm masero inonyangarika makwai ake, uye shuga anopinda muropa, achipa muviri anodiwa simba. At dzakakwirira shuga Somuenzaniso pashure kuzodya, chiropa masero vanotanga vanoshingaira synthesize glycogen uye aiisa. Gluconeogenesis inofanira synthesizing shuga kubva chiropa kune zvimwe zvinhu, kusanganisira amino acids. The pamutemo kushanda chiropa inoita achitsoropodza zvakakodzera kuti kwomuzvarirwo muviri inoshanda. Kutsauka - kuwedzera / kuderera ropa shuga yomuropa - inomiririra nengozi kuti utano hwevanhu.

Zvaipesana glycogen usage

Metabolic Zvirwere vari boka glycogen glycogen enhaka zvirwere. Dzavo zvikonzero zviri siyana zvikanganiso makemikari chokuita zvakananga mutemo glycogen inotungamirwa kana cleavage. Pakati glycogen zvirwere uye yoga glycogenoses aglikogenozy. Wokutanga haiwanzowaniki nhaka chirwere anokonzerwa ane kunyanyisa kuunganidza polysaccharide muna C6H10O5 mumasero. Glycogen usage uye kuvapo kwayo kunyanyisa hwakazotevera mu chiropa, bapu, itsvo, skeletal tsandanyama uye cardiac zvikanganiso anokonzerwa enzayemu (semuenzaniso, shuga-6-phosphatase) munyaya Kuparara glycogen. Kakawanda, apo glycogen miviri vaichengeta kutyorwa kukura, psychomotor retardation, zvakakomba hypoglycemic mamiriro, kusvikira kutanga pakoma. Kuzosimbisa chirwere uye kuziva mhando glycogenosis vakatakura biopsy chiropa uye tsandanyama, uye ipapo kutumira zvichiguma mashoko histochemical kudzidza. Panguva yake yakatarwa glycogen kugutsikana mune nyama, uye nebasa makemikari dzinobudisa ayo kwetunhu uye kudzikisirana.

Kana muviri nzvimbo pasina glycogen, zvinorevei?

Aglikogenozy zvinomiririra chakakomba nhaka chirwere kunokonzerwa kushaya enzayemu inokwanisa kuita kwetunhu glycogen (glycogen). In pamberi chirwere ichi muna chiropa glycogen chose vasipo. Clinical zvinoratidza chirwere vari: zvikuru pasi ropa shuga, kwamakadarika - kugara hypoglycemic pfari. Mamiriro varwere richinzi zvikuru zvakakura. Kuvapo aglikogenoza ndiongororwe aite chiropa biopsy.