Ilmen (nyanza): kuzorora, hove uye wongororo

Kuchamhembe-kumadokero East European Plain, ndipo kunozivikanwa uye wakajeka Lake Ilmen. Novgorod nharaunda, kumadokero chikamu icho inoremekedzwa, pamuganhu muPskov uye Tver nyika uye anoramba anokwezva kuti vashanyi, vabati vehove, uye vavhimi. Kuramba kufarira dziva uye Spurs ake vamwe yakakura, nokuti kutaurwa inowanikwa zhinji yaMakoronike nezvipupuriro, zvikuru akadzikama ngano. Hatidi yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora nhoroondo mvura muviri zita, ipapo shanduro dzakasiyana vazhinji, uye hapana umwe wavo haina vaudzewo pachena. In zvekare kusvikira muzana remakore rechi16, gungwa iri kunzi Ilmer, iro rinoshandurwa kubva Finnish symbiosis "ilm" uye necheSalvic "VaEf" rinoreva "dziva pave ekunze." Zvinowanikwa nechepakati chikamu Russia nokuda Novgorod munyika dzakadaro mufumi zviitiko munhoroondo yenyika, yava akasika Aura yechakavanzika uye pachivande kuti achiri runopoteredza gungwa uye anomutsa kuziva vaenzi vedu, saka Novgorod rudo. Lake Ilmen, nguva dzose inoshamisa uye rupo, chaizvoizvo akafanira kuteerera.

Pearl Novgorod Land

Kare, mitumbi hombe remvura - nzizi uye madhamu - muri dzinozivikanwa utiziro vanhu vazhinji, kupa zvokudya, kutsigira upenyu, achidzivirira pamusoro nenhamo. Ndozvakaitikawo Ilmen Lake, riri pamusoro akakurumbira nzira "kubva VaViking kuvaGiriki" uye kushanda mvura wezvokutengeserana tsinga unobatanidza North uye South Russia uye kuBaltic States uye dzekuma Scandinavia - pamwe Byzantium. Kubvira kare, vakagara pamwe madzinza Mahombekombe ayo akasiyana madzinza ose kuBaltic Finns uye Balts. Hombe Kugadzirwa nemahombekombe dura nokuda Slavs vakatanga muzana remakore rechipfumbamwe, sezvinoratidzwa vakawanda matongo nzvimbo: pazvikomo uye misha. Lake Ilmen (guta, uyo akakurira Mahombekombe ayo - izvi rusununguko-rudo Novgorod) anotaurwa mu "zvakaedza zvekare Years", kudanana kubva regumi namaviri remakore.

Unique dzinongoitika dziva, ndakapedza gumi nevaviri makurusa madhamu Russian wokutanga kukura, ari aizivikanwawo mamiriro ayo kuti hapana mumwe haagoni kuzvirumbidza. Donhwe remvura panguva nemafashamo kunosvika 7 metres, uye kuwedzera munzvimbo yayo pamusoro ichiwedzerwa 3 nguva.

Izvi zvinonzwisisika rechibharo dzakawanda 40 nehova yakakodzwa dura imwe duku kudzika 3.5-4 M (kunonyanyisa 10 m). The chaizvo kukura nyanza rimwe pakureba 45 uye wakafara makubhiti 35? Km uye kushaya munhu zviwi wobereka zvikuru girazi-wakatsetseka pamusoro, achisiya pajengachenga uye pakusika fungidziro pakati spaciousness regungwa, kuwedzera inzwi egungwa ari mukuru rwezasi-yokumadokero kumahombekombe. Ndosaka venhoroondo vakamutumidza Moyskim uye ipapo Slovenian gungwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, vashanyi kusvika pano kokutanga, zvinokosha kuziva zviri ichi chinoshamisa nyanza, ine chimiro akaoma.

Chivande Moyskogo gungwa

Ilmen Lake pamepu yeRussia kuwana Snap. Zvakakwana rokunyaradza mumapani nzvimbo, zvishoma kwazvo zvakadini nyanza (18.1 m), uye duku kudzika uchaponesa zvinhu, kana pane dutu, sezvamakaropafadzwa munzvimbo idzi dzinokosha oumhizha. Just kushaya zvitsuwa, kushanda kuti tisaita dzimwe mvura, pano anopa mukana famba mafungu. Dutu mafungu richisvika mamita maviri, vari yaiteverwa pamwe pfupi chaizvo, vanokwanisa kutendeuka nyore igwa kana chikepe. Strong dutu Ilmen uri nguva dzose, mu yaMakoronike remakore rechigumi nemashanu kunorondedzerwa dutu rinotyisa, iyo yakaitika muna 1471, mhedzisiro yaiva yakawanda mungarava zvikepe vane mapfupa mazuvano pemvura vematongo vari kuedza kuwana pasi.

Asi musafunganya pamusoro kuuya kunzvimbo ino kuti vashanyi. Chakakomba madutu - the Chiitiko isingawanzowanikwi, asi vasati kuti kufamba-famba kana rwendo hove vanofanira kuongorora mamiriro okunze uye yakanakisisa maonero vatungamiriri vemunzvimbo vanoziva mudziva kwavo Ilmen. Novgorod nharaunda, zororo iri kuti chokuita akati muviri mvura, rave refu akahwina kuzivikanwa zvakanakisisa mudzimba varedzi.

mahombekombe

Lake Plains nzvimbo richinzi uye mumhenderekedzo yegungwa nomunzvimbo dzine, kunyanya inoumbwa kuderedzwa nhema wetlands, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo Muganhu Delta zvakawanda sandara floodplain muzvitsuwa uye makwara. The romumhenderekedzo yegungwa nharaunda kubva kuchamhembe-dzokumadokero chikamu mudziva yakaderera, elongated anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri, yaiteverwa pamwe nemipata, machakwi kumaodzanyemba Mahombekombe. Kumboda dziva unopoteredza kumbonyanya sandara nomunzvimbo dzine. Asi Ilmen zvaisazova asinganzwisisiki chishamiso mugungwa, kana asina isu akapa vane dzinonakidza hwenhoroondo uye hwezvokuchera matongo nemaonero Glint. Izvi pamawere makomba, Musara vanenge 15 metres uye kureba 8 km, iri pakati nemisha Korosten uye Heath. Kusimba yakanaka nzvimbo, zvinoshamisa: a reraimu pamawere, izvo rikazvisundira richirarama uchapupu dzekare achiri excites mafeni uye anopa musayendisiti kuvhura. In makobvu reraimu akaturikidzana akawana zvisaririra zhinji miti yekare uye mhuka.

nyanza mvura

Natural peat kupa mvura inonatsa iri ilmenite brownish noruvara, asi kuchena kwayo mudziva panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro. Vanopfuura mashanu nenzizi izvozvo, usarega mvura stagnate, uye ose 1.5-2 mwedzi nekuda dzinongoitika riparadzirwe zvizere achiudza. Constant kufamba runoyerera haatarisi bathers, sezvo tembiricha munzvimbo yakakura udzamu kunyange kupisa kazhinji kwazvo +20 ° C. Zvisinei, vabati vehove kuti chokwadi ichi chete zvakare kufara nekuti yairamba ichifambira uye kunatsurudza mvura hazvirevi kusika kurega kunotanga,, zvakakwana zvinodiridza mvura oxygen, uye hove hwapedyo zvakanaka, chinofadza hove.

Kutaura kunaka mvura, tisingatauri chaizvo rwizi izere Ilmen nyanza, hove umo hwoumambo zvechokwadi. Shelon, Paul, MSTA, Lovat, Vergot, Veryazha, Krupka, Psizha nevamwe arteries zhinji Ilmen kuramba yokuisvonaka mvura.

River upenyu pesto

rwizi ose runoyerera kupinda Ilmen Lake, akazara rifts uye makomba, ndiro rakanaka Pike, knot, Catfish, bream, neKubhi, Pike. Panguva confluence pamusoro Lovat, uriri uye Vergoti kazhinji kubatwa uye oga zvinhu. Vakawanda kure negungwa munyanza, nzizi vanokurukura ducts, - dzinongoitika zviri kukonzera nhandare, apo zvizhinji hove duku zvinokwezva nezvikara. Lovat kureba 530 makiromita, zvichiguma kubva Belarusian Lake Lovatets ichipfuura maduku reservoirs wemuTesitamende muPskov uye Novgorod kumatunhu. Capricious rwizi mugero ane chakakombama, Mvura imwe nzvimbo vanosvika vasere-kudzika, uye sandbars zvinoumba nezvikumbaridzo, uye kuerera velocity dzinosiyana. Its avhareji upamhi 70 m, panguva confluence pamusoro Ilmen - 220 m.

nyanza pfuma, rokusika ekunze

Ancient madzinza necheSalvic vagara pamhenderekedzo Ilmen, akaritumidza kuti "ndarama yangu" kuti mupfumi mumatanda hove. Nhasi, zvinonzi zvakanaka beneaped zvichienzaniswa nevaya yakare nguva mudziva ichiri kufara dzinokatyamadza hove. Unowanikwa anenge 40 mhando Freshwater hove: Pike, knot, Catfish, bream, bream zvitema, burbot, roach, sabrefish, tariro.

Kubata uri muropa, hove ngaatore zvose: vana nevakuru, amateurs uye nyanzvi raingova purazi. Fishing, Rental giya, raanoziva uye dzimba vashanyi kwakura bhizimisi raibudirira Priilmenye vagari Misha, kubatsira kurarama munyika yakaoma ezvinhu zvachose dambudziko.

hove

Fabulously akapfuma hove pfuma Ilmen Lake iguru yezororo rwendo. Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira nzvimbo kuti hove - musha Vzvad iri pakatarisana kumahombekombe Novgorod uye rinotaurwa yaMakoronike wegumi remakore sezvo nzvimbo kunovhima muchinda uye hove. Pari zvino pane anoshanda chirimwa "Red wehove" nokudaro kutanga zhinji migwagwa ilmenite,. Vanoti hove vari kuruma Mudziva kwose kwose. Hit uye mikombe kumorwa kubva pakadzika ichi aikudzwa rupo remasangano ari European chikamu Russia dziva.

Sangano ose hove yokufaranuka uye migwagwa musi Ilmen riitwe vanopfuura gumi nevaviri zvigadziko, wakaiswa uye akayangarara, pamwe yakasiyana siyana kunyaradza, zvinokosha mutemo inova vakadzikama nzvimbo kuenda. Nounyanzvi uye nokukurumidza rwakapedza dambudziko upenyu uye kuzvivaraidza varedzi zvigoneke kubhadhara chitandadzo napo. The chikuru mukana dislocation nevaraidzo nzvimbo - Ndiwo marongerwo richitungamirira mabasa, ruzivo uye ruzivo, kupa zvakanaka hove nzira, kuti dzave dziri nzira yakanakisisa hove, kubatsira kusarudza rakakodzera hunoshandiswa uye kuudza vamwe pamusoro nezvehukorokodzwa yacho.

Kuvapo pamusoro Nezvigadziko anodiwa michina uye michina nzira - chinhu chinokosha kuti tibudirire hove. Chokwadi, pane nzira dzakawanda Ilmen, chisarudzo iri pakutsvaga rwokugadzira michina. Kana paine chikepe ine injini zvakanaka iwe kuwana kure, ingangodaro kuti vaizotibata zvikuru nzvimbo.

Lake Ilmen, hove icho chinounza mufaro chaiwo gore rose anotora vanoda, pano zvakanaka sezvinoita zhizha nechando hove.

chando hove

Winter hove zhinji kuva dzinonakidza zvikuru, njodzi uye dzakanaka. Ice musi Ilmen akaisa pakupera November, uye akazarura pakupera April.

Ice hove pamusoro Ilmen - inonakidza chitandadzo. Kana iwe kufembera okunze, nguva uye mamiriro, kubata zvinogona kusvika makirogiramu gumi. Early March - inguva zvikuru shoma hove. The hove pachava kusashanda kana chando hunowedzera porous, ndipo thawed, uye gungwa mvura yakazara oxygen.

The rakakura Dam nharaunda KUNOTADZISA yakazvimirira kutsvaka. Saka, kudzivisa kuora mwoyo, zvinokosha kana kuti kugadzirira uye ongorora ruzivo pamusoro kwakaita nzvimbo yacho, kupaka nzvimbo uye kunyanya ayo hove uchibata, kana kutsvaga rutsigiro nomazvo nenyanzvi, shamwari dzavo kana vatungamiriri vakapofumara, kupa nhandaro. Ilmen Lake munguva yechando - zviri rakakura akazaruka dzezvimwe, uye nzira mhiri chando kunzvimbo yakapikirwa yakanakisisa yokukurirwa kwataita. High-nokukurumidza, akaronga zvakanaka, vachibvumira kuenda kumativi hummocks uye thawed, uyewo kuderedza tsvaga nguva uye achawedzera kuda chando hove uye vanakidzwe runako munzvimbo idzi.

kunovhima

Vavhimi, kamwe akashanyira nzvimbo idzi, nomufaro pamusoro guru huwandu yemhuka, iyo inowanikwa iri marshes uye masango akapoteredza Ilmen. Vachipemberera runako zvibereko kwematsutso kunovhima mallard pamwe stuffed kana nzira nechikepe. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti zvokudya riri guru zvakakwana; hova zhinji uye madziva maduku, nzvimbo huru netsanga, hwomutambarakede nzvimbo nesting uye zvokurera.

On mafashamo mapani vakawanda nomumachakwi shiri: snipe, corncrake, snipe. Nokuti vanoda dzinovhima pamwe gundog haimbodaviriki mafaro. Pamusangano rokutanga chibvumirano dzemo zvikwata kunovhima zvakanaka anogona kuenda imwe Elk uye nezvikara musii.

Sununguka pamusoro Ilmen

Kuwedzera kukurumbira nhasi kuwana zvinotivaraidza hove. Rakaisvonaka Ilmen Lake yakapoteredzwa anoshamisa masango, doro mhepo uye shiri kuimba - izvi zvose, pamwe tarisiro zvinoshamisa hove Pike dzinokwezva dzakawanda vashanyi. A basa guru, yakakunakira nzvimbo uye kupa nyaradzo kunonyanyisa anogara kuwanikwa vaenzi. Kuwanda vanoshuva kushanyira mashiripiti nzvimbo idzi ari kukura gore negore. Uye kwete chete hove chinokwezva vazhinji vashanyi, kunyange ruzivo vatungamiriri uye rangers kucharamba kupa zvakanakisisa migwagwa uye nechokwadi anobudirira mugumisiro.

Base, riri pamusoro pegungwa, anopa zvakawanda basa rinoita kutandara yokufaranuka uye:

• nyore uye musha nokuda vapenyu;
• landscaped nzvimbo;
• kugeza;
• awa kwakarinda yokupakira motokari;
• rekurira nezvekutanga;
• Rental basa magwa uye zvikepe;
• kupa kushandisa snowmobiles.

The chikuru vairairwa magadzirirwo zvinotivaraidza panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa chaiva nechokwadi kunonyanyisa kurerukirwa Pakushanyira anglers. Asi tsvimbo bhizimisi nomutsa kuita zvose zvinobvira kuti Siyanisai vamwe uye kuti chisingakanganwiki ruzivo kana zviri hove, kuvhima, mhuri uye ushamwari mazororo kana chepamusoro chiitiko. muenzi nomumwe achakwanisa ndezverudzii pazororo kuti vangadai Waipfuudzira kwaari.

Chero yokufaranuka anova kunakidza kana zvose imba kufunganya achipfeka nhandaro. Ilmen Lake - ichi chikepe nzendo uye excursions muzhizha - mvura Skiing munguva yechando - zvinonakidza chokufambisa pamusoro snowmobiles. Anogamuchira anotanga kuti holidaymakers pano mamiriro ezvinhu dzokubikisa pamusoro moto, akapa grills uye smokehouses. Kumadzimai anglers uye vavhimi vanogona kuchengeta mikombe yavo pachando makamuri.

On Lake Ilmen, haugoni chete kuva yokufaranuka kukuru, ronga rakaisvonaka hove, asi kuvandudza utano hwavo. Ari zvombo kuti nekwevanorwa pfungwa uye dzimba yevanogara vari yemazuva vakanyatsogadzirira dzimba, kupa physiotherapy, simbisa muviri uye pfungwa utano, kunonatsiridza kutapata uye kunopindirana muviri matauriro. Kana kutsvakwa, vafambi anopiwa makoteji zvokushambira madziva, wakapamhama kupaka dzezvimwe. The private kwemauto ichataura pekugara mabasa ari Mari-inobudirira zvikuru kuita.

Ilmen mugungwa, kutandara uye hove - izvi pfungwa kuvanhu vakawanda pagore kushanyira nzvimbo idzi, kuti akabatanidzwa. Izvi hazvishamisi - Vakati pano kamwe, hazvibviri kukanganwa ukuru Slovenian gungwa mairi uye runako. Lake Ilmen, apo unogona kukanganwa pamusoro uchimhanya kushanda zuva nezuva, mangwanani kunyudza yakachena sekristaro mvura, kufema zviri zvikuru doro mhepo uye kubata Goldfish, anopa zvinoshamisa mufaro nokudzosa rugare rwepfungwa.