Inzvimbo yevatongi i ... Stavropigial monstere - zvinorevei?

Chimwe chinhu chinokosha cheSlavic tsika ndiyo machechi eOorthodox nemamatare. Havafariri vatendi chete vanotenda zvechokwadi, asiwo vatashanyi. Izvozvo zvinonakidza zvivakwa zvekuvaka, mukati mekunakidzwa kwemachechi, nhoroondo yehupo hwavo.

General pfungwa uye zvinoreva

Pfungwa ye "monastery" yakauya pamwe nechiKristu muKivanvan Rus kubva kuByzantium. Iyi nyika yakasimuka pamusana pemaitiro echiGiriki. Kubva muchiGiriki "monastery" "nzvimbo yega yega".

Mariri, vatongi vanocherechedza rimwe charter. Zvisinei, havasi vose vanouya kumusha wemasitori vanova monki. Kutanga, inopedza muedzo. Kana yakapera kubudirira, munhu anopiwa muchero. Maererano nemitemo yakasimbiswa paEcumenical Council, pasinei nehutsika hwepakutanga hwehupenyu, munhu anogona kupinda muhupenyu hwemararamiro kururamisa (ruponeso) rwemweya.

Izvo zvinoreva izwi rokuti "monastery" kune vakawanda mazuva ano rinoreva zvakananga kumunharaunda wemamoniki.

VaKristu vekutanga vatemberi

Iyo imba yemamende inzvimbo imwe neimwe ine mararamiro ayo. Mahedheni ekutanga akabuda muEgypt nePalestina (mazana emakore mazana mashanu kusvika kuzana AD). Nokufamba kwenguva, dzimba dzemamoni dzakatanga kuonekwa muConstantinople (guta guru reByzantium), iro riri mumabhuku eRussia anonzi Tsargrad.

Vatangi vekutanga vekutonga kweRussia muRussia Antony naTheodosius, avo vakagadzira musha weKias-Pechersky Monastery.

Mhando dzevahedheni vechiKristu

MuchiKristu pane kupatsanurana kuva mukadzi nemudzimai wemhondi. Zvinoreva izvi zviri nyore kunzwisisa. Zita racho rinotarisa kana mukadzi wechikadzi kana kuti mharaunda yemhuri ari mupenyu uye anoita mabasa pasi pechechi chechechi. Hapana mumiririri akavhenganiswa muChiKristu.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemisha yemamoni:

Abbey. Inoitika muKaturike (kumadokero) kutungamirirwa. Anotarisira abbot munharaunda yevarume uye kubvisa mumharaunda yevakadzi. Obeys bhishopu, uye dzimwe nguva Papa pachake.

The Lavra. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakakura yekugara kwechigaro cheOrthodox (kumabvazuva). Iko rudzi rwekugara kwechihedheni kunokodzera chete munharaunda dzevarume.

Cinema. Dzimba dzemitambo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti sangano rine chinyorwa chekugara kwevanhu, iyo iyo nhengo dzayo dzose dziri pasi.

Compound. Iyi inzvimbo yakabviswa kubva kumataresi, iyo iri muguta kana mumusha. Inoshandiswa kuunganidza zvipo, kugamuchira mafambiro, nekurima.

Marenje. Nzvimbo iyo, yakasikwa mumitambo yeRussian Orthodoxy, yakavakwa munzvimbo yakachengetedzeka kure neimba yemamera pachayo.

Skeet. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yehupenyu hwemoni, uyo aida kuva mutezo.

Zvizhinji zvedzimba dzemamongi zviri pasi pekutungamirirwa kwebhishopu ve diocesa. Madhimoni akadaro anonzi diocesan. Mamwe machechi eOrthodox angave ane chimiro che stauropegic.

Stavropegic monastery

Izvo zvinoreva izvi zvichabatsira kuziva kudzokera kune mutauro wechiGiriki. Neshanduro chaiyo, "stavropegia" zvinoreva "kusimudzira muchinjikwa". Hazvifananidzi kune vatemberi chete, asiwo kune makedhedrals, zvikoro zvemweya.

Ichi chirevo chinoreva kuti monastery iri pasi pepamusoro kune tateguru kana synod. Inotenderera Imba yeMasitori inzvimbo yechipembere iyo yakasimwa nemutateguru wega. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakakwirira.

Pamusana pekuti diocese yeChechi yeOrthodox yakakamurwa kuva matavi akawanda, kune mazita akasiyana emapoka e stavropegic. Zvichienderana nekugutsikana kwavo, vanogona kutaura kuOrthodox Church yeRussia, Ukraine, Belarus nezvimwe zvakadaro. Kune nzvimbo dzakadaro kune dzimwe nyika, dzakadai seEstonia, Italy, United States, Germany.

Mazuva ano mamiriyoni emasasa

Nhamba yakawanda yemisha yakafanana yemamoni inomirirwa kuMoscow uye kuMoscow.

Urongwa hwemisha yevanhu muMoscow:

• Andreevsky;
• High-Petrovsky;
• Danilov;
• The Don;
• Zaikonospassky;
• Novospassky;
• Sretensky.

Rwendo rwemisha yevakadzi muMoscow:

• Alekseevsky;
• Theotokos-Krisimasi;
• Zachatievsky;
• Ioanno-Predtechensky;
• Pokrovsky;
• Troitsk-Odigitrievskaya murenje.

Ndeipi uye kupi kunofanirwa kuzarura mutsva wesitoriyasi ye stauropegic? Izvi zvinorevei? Chisarudzo pamagazini iyi chinongoratidzwa chete neHatori weMoscow neRussia yose.

Mafomu ehutano hwezvinyorwa

Iyi imba yemamende ndiyo nzvimbo yehupenyu hwevatongi. Zvichienderana nemhando ipi yekusarudzwa yavakasarudza, monastery inogona kuva neyemahofisi ehurumende yakawanda kana sechimiro chekusimudzira.

Munyaya yevaKristu, mhedziso ndiyo nzira yakasimudzirwa yekutenderera. Kunyange Jesu Kristu pachake pachake akapedza mazuva makumi mana murenje.

Miti yekutanga yakasara murenje, akatambudzwa nevakuru veRoma muzana remakore rechitatu. Gare gare fomu yakadaro yakapararira kubva kuEgipita kuenda kuPalestine, Armenia, Gaul neEurope. MuChirungu ChiKristu, kutendeseka kwakanyangarika, kwakapona chete mumutungamiri weOrthodox. Pakati pemakwenzi avo vakazvitsaurira kuzvipira uye minyengetero yakasimba, pane varume nevakadzi. Mhedzisiro yakakurumbira ndeye Mary weEgypt kubva kuPalestina, uyo aigara muzana remakore rechitanhatu.

Imwe nzira yekusunganidzwa kwechihedheni inonzi Cinovia.

Cinemas Charter

Kubva muchiGiriki, izwi rinoreva "kugara pamwe chete", ndiko kuti, hostel.

Muvambi wemifananidzo yekutanga ndiyo St. Pachomius, uyo akaiumba muna 318 kumaodzanyemba kweEgypt. Kana iri Chechi yeRussian Orthodox, imba yekutanga yekutemberi yakasikwa naTheodosius wePechersky.

Maererano nevakuru vakuru vemitemo vanotora kubva kumitambo yezvinhu zvose zvinodiwa kuti vavepo. Somuenzaniso, zvokudya, nguo, shangu. Vanoshanda vasingabhadharisi, uye zvose zvigumisiro zvebasa ravo ndezvekuona mafirimu. Iyo moni, kusanganisira abbot, haina kodzero yekuva nehupfumi, haagoni kuita zviito zvechipo kana kuti nhaka nhaka. Havana pfuma chaiyo.

Mitemo yekufambisa muimba yevatongi yevamwe vanhu

Inzvimbo yemamende inyika inokosha. Zvinotora nguva kuti unzwisise zvose zvinotambudza zvevanhu vemunharaunda. Mafambiro evashambadziri anowanzorapwa nekushivirira, asi mamwe mitemo zviri nani kuziva kana kushanyira nzvimbo yekugara kwevatongi.

Chii chatinofanira kutarisa muhutano:

• Apo pilgrim inouya, tinofanira kubvunza zvikomborero zvose;
• Pasina chikomborero iwe haugoni kusiya imba yevatongi;
• Zvose zvinokonzera zvitadzo zvenyika zvinofanira kusiyiwa kumashure emadziro eimba yemombe (doro, fodya, mutauro wakaipa);
• Kukurukurirana kunofanirwa kuitwa chete pamusoro pemweya, uye mazwi makuru mukukurukurirana "kukanganwira", "kukomborera";
• Iwe unogona kudya chete pane kudya kumwe chete;
• Agere patafura kuti adye, zvakakosha kuchengeta mutemo wekutanga, gara wakanyarara uye teerera kuverenga.

Kuti apinde mu nyika yorugare nekubatana, iyo iri muimba yemamendari, hazvidi kuti uzive mitemo yese yehurongwa hwemhonasi. Zvakakwana kuti titevedzere tsika dzinowanzoenderana nehutsika, kuchengetedza uko kunosanganisira kuremekedza vakuru, kuzvidzora.