Prelate uye Chishamiso-Mushandi Mitrofan weVeronezh. Munyrofan Voronezhsky munyengetero wekubatsirwa mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana

Zita re prelate uye mushandi-anoshamisa Mitrofan Voronezh rinozivikanwa muRussia uye kupfuura. MunaSeptember (4 - maererano nekare uye 17 - maererano nemutauro mutsva), Chechi yeRussia Orthodox inopemberera yechipiri kuwana uye kutumidzwa kwezvinyorwa zvevatsvene. Mitrophan weVeronezh, uyo munyengetero wake nesungano mharidzo yakajeka yemufundisi kune boka rake raanoda, akave akakurumbira nekuda kwekunamata kwake uye hutsika hwakanaka.

Gore negore kune chikonzero chekutsvenesa mutsvene uye kuvabereki vake: Muprista Vasily naamai Maria. Mune Annunciation Cathedral yeguta reVeronezh inotaura zvisingakanganisiki-iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yekufambisa vatendi. Kunyangwe munguva yehupenyu hwake, mushandi wezvishamiso akaudza kuti misangano yemariro yemufiro inoitwa pamusoro pake uye, nokuda kweizvi, akavaka muganhu weMutumwa mukuru Mikaeri, vatsvene vake.

Kunyengetera kuMweya Mitrofan weVeronezh

Mutungamiri wemangwana akazoberekwa musi waNovember 8, 1623 mumhuri yemupristi ane nhaka. Nevabereki vaMitrofan (munyika yaMikael) zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. Iye pachake anonyora mukuda kwake kuti vabereki vake vaiva vanhu vanonamata uye vakamukwidza mukutenda kwakadzika.

Hafu yeupenyu hwaMitrofan Voronezhsky aigara sababa vake: akaroora, akashanda semupirisita weparamende mumusha weSidorovskoye muVladimir, akarera mwanakomana wake John. Nokusvika kwake, muprista aiva mufundisi anozvipira uye anozvipira, akanga akagadzirira kuisa mweya wake kune umwe neumwe wevana vake vomudzimu. Uye tsamba kumwanakomana wake ndezvapupu zvekutarisira uye rudo rwaBaba Michael. Kusvikira nhasi, munyengetero waMitrophan weVeronezh pamusoro pomwanakomana wake unobatsira vatendi kuponesa vanakomana vavo kubva mumaoko evavengi.

Upenyu hwemhepo

Asi kupa kwaMwari kwakamutungamirira nenzira yakasiyana. Chirikadzi yepakutanga (ipapo akanga ava nemakore makumi mana), mupristi Michael akasarudza kupa upenyu hwakasara pakushumira Mwari uye kuenda kuimba yemamongi. Anogara mumurenje reZolotnikovo, kwaanorayirwa kuti aite zvisiri izvo nezita rokuti Mitrofan. Imwe nzvimbo yakachengetedzeka uye ine runyararo ndeyokunakidzwa kwevatsvene uye inopika kurarama hupenyu hwake hwose murenje iri uye kuvigwa ikoko.

Asi, zvakare nekuda kwaMwari, makore matatu gare gare, pakukumbira kwehama dzeavo vakavakidzana neYakhroma monastery, hegumen yakasarudzwa. Mitrofan weVeronezh (kunyengetera uye chikumbiro chake chekugara murenje chakanga chisina kugutsikana) kunomanikidzwa kuputsa mhiko uye kubva muimba yemamende, iyo yaanozvidemba pamusoro pehupenyu hwake hwose.

Mune temberi ye Yakhrom, St. Voronezh aifanira kushumira makore gumi. Uyu munhu anoshamisa anozvipira zvakakwana kutarisira hupenyu hwemweya hwehama uye kubudirira kweimba yemamongi. Kwete pasina rubatsiro rwake, vazhinji vanobatsira vanogovera mari yekuvakwa kwetemberi huru mukukudza kweVese-Nenyasha Muponesi, Mufananidzo weChena Tsvene.

Patriarch Ioakim pachake (1674-1690) anodzidza pamusoro pezvakanaka zvevatsvene uye anoshamisika uye anomusimudza kusvika pachikwata che archimandrite muMakariyev-Unzhen monastery. Iko, nekutarisirwa kwaMitrophan we Voronezh, Chechi yeAn Annunciation yeNzvimbo Tsvene-tsvene Theotokos ine bell yayo uye refectory iri kuvakwa.

Kuzvitsaurira kuna mabhishopiti

Kuguma kwezana remakore gumi nemanomwe rakange rakashongedzwa neAn Old Believer schism. Iyi yaiva nguva yakaoma uye inotambudza yeOrthodoxy, kunyanya yakanzwa ichitsvene Hierarch Mitrophan weVeronezh. Munyengetero wake kunyika yebaba panguva iyi yaive yakanyanyisa. Kudzidzisa vanhu, zvakagadziriswa kuvhura dioceses matsva, kusanganisira Voronezh. Nokuda kweizvi, mutsvene anodana kuMoscow uye akazvitsaurira kuna bhishopi we Voronezh.

Paanosvika panzvimbo iyo, mufudzi anotanga kunyora uye anotumira mharidzo kuvafundisi ve diocese yake. Dhiyabhorosi rakapona kusvikira nhasi. Kutendeukira kuvapristi, Baba Mitrofan vanotsanangura Evhangeri, uko Ishe akarayira muapositori katatu kuti ape boka rake. Nokudaro iye mutsvene anoratidza kuti kune marudzi matatu ehufundisi hwehufundisi: shoko rekudzidzisa, minyengetero uye rubatsiro rweZvenhema Zvitsvene uye nzira yehupenyu.

Sezvimwewo nzvimbo, Mitrofan Voronezhsky anotanga basa rake nekuvakwa kwechechi yepamhedheni mukuremekedza Annunciation yeNzvimbo Tsvene-tsvene Theotokos, paanozovaka gungano muzita reMutumwa mukuru Michael naNikolai the Sad.

Kwemakore makumi maviri, mutsvene akawedzera kuwanda kwekereke dziri mu diocese kubva 182 kusvika 239, dzakavakwa mamiriyoni maviri: Kukwidzwa kweKorotoyak uye Utatu hweBityugovsky.

Munyrofan Voronezhsky munyengetero wemabasa, hutano nezvimwe zvinoda

Kusvika muVeronezh nevabhishopi gumi nematanhatu, mutsvene waMwari anonzwisisa kuti pa 58, achafanirwa kushanda zvakaoma. Nharaunda yeVeronezh yakanga ichangobva kugarwa, guta racho pacharo harina kuverenga kwemakore zana, uye vazhinji vevanhu vari muruwa vanogara vasingabatsiri, avo vamambo vakadzingirira kudzivirira nzvimbo kubva mukurwisa kweCrimean Tatars. Vakagara pano nevapoteri vakasiya nzvimbo dzavo dzekuzvarwa nekuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, uye vagari veDnieper, vakatiza kubva kuPoland kudzvinyirirwa.

Vanhu ava havana hanya nehutsika, vazhinji vaipfeka mazita echihedheni uye vairarama maererano netsika dzechihedheni. Kunamatira kwakanga kusingapindi, kunwa, mhuri yakasvibiswa nehuipi. Munguva yeLiturgy, vaigona kuwana hukama hwevamwe uye vachipika zvikuru. Pasi pechirevo che "mauto ehurumende", mapoka emakororo akapambadza vanhu varombo kwose kwose.

Kuvakwa kwetemberi uye munyengetero wevatsvene

Dare rebhishopu raiva mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuti mutsvene pamwe nevanhu vake vaifanira kugara muimba yevaeni kwekutanga. Mutsvene waMwari pachake akanga asingatenderi pamusha, asi urombo hweva diocese hwakakanganisa vamwe vagari vese veimba yebhishopi kuti varombo, uyezve, urombo hwakamuvharira kupa rupo rukuru, kupemberera liturgy nemamwe mabasa muchechi inoitira kereke.

Kutenda kuminamato yake tsvene, nzvimbo yeVeronezh yakatanga kuchinja, kwete kunze kunze. Kuziva kwevanhu zvishoma nezvishoma kwakashanduka uye kunyange munguva yeupenyu hwevatsvene, vazhinji vakagamuchira kuporesa nekunyaradzwa kubva kumufundisi.

Kunyengetera kuna Mitrofan Voronezh pamusoro pehupenyu hwevana, pamusoro pekuwana hutano, nezvemabasa, nezvimwewo zvakadaro, sezvakadaro, uye zvino zvinobatsira vatendi. Ihwo hukuru hwakanaka hwechiratidzo chechiKristu-hunofungisisa kunyengetera, nokuti, mumaonero ake, iyo inotungamirira kuHumambo hwaMwari. Iye mutsvene aida kunyengeterera munhu wose waaiziva, kunyora mazita avo mu synodics yehutano uye nerunyararo. Akanyanya kukoshesa mauto akawira kunyika yababa. Mukuru akanga aine chokwadi chokuti kana mweya wakarurama, ipapo uchakudzwa kune imwe huru muHumambo hweKudenga, uye kana chivi chiri tsitsi dzake.

Peter Mukuru

Mutsvene mutsvene akanzwisisa kukosha uye kutanga kwemambo wenyika yebaba uye vanhu. Mharidzo dzake, mutsvene waMwari akadana boka kuti ribatsire tsar mune chivako chezvikepe muVeronezh, sezvo vakawanda vakafunga kuti izvi hazvina maturo. Iye pachake pachavo akazvipa kuna Petro Mukuru, achipa mari yose yehurumende yezvinodikanwa, achiziva kuti ndeyekuti vabatsire nyika yavo.

Pamwe chete neizvi, mutsvene akatarisisa kuchena kweOrthodoxy uye akanga asingatyi kupindirana neTsar paakafunga kuti zvakakodzera. Muhupenyu hwevatsvene vaMwari chiitiko ichi chinotsanangurwa. Changamire, asvika kuVeronezh, aida kuona vatsvene muimba yake yamambo, akabva aenda netsoka kuenda kumusangano. Asi, paakaisa netsoka munharaunda yeimba yamambo ndokuona zvifananidzo zvechihedheni, Mitrophan weVeronezh (uyo munyengetero wake aigona kumutsa munhu akafa) akadzoka shure ndokubva asingatauri shoko, asingateereri chirongwa cheTsar. Paakadzidza chikonzero chekusateerera kwevatsvene, Petro wekutanga akatsamwa uye akamuraira kuti amuudze kuti nokusateerera kwake aigona kuzviisa pachena kurangwa rwekufa. Asi Mitrofan Voronezhsky akaramba akasimba mune zvaaidavira. Manheru manheru tsar akazonzwa vhangeri kune Vose-usiku Vigil uye akashamiswa, kubva mangwanani mainge pasina chechi yezororo. Paakabvunzwa naPetro kuti nei vachidana basa racho, mutendi akapindura kuti asati afa iye akasarudza kugadzirira uye nemunyengetero unobvumirana kuti akumbire Ishe kuti akanganwirwe zvivi zvavo.

Kurwisana kwakagadziriswa, Petro wekutanga akarayira kubvisa zvose zvidhori zvevanamwari vechihedheni. Ndizvo chete ipapo iye mutsvene akapinda mumba make.

Rufu rwaShe

Muna 1702, Vladyka akarwara zvakanyanya, uye muna August wegore rino akadzingwa mu schema ane zita rokuti Makarii, mukuremekedzwa kwaMakary Unzhinsky, muvambi weimba yemamende, umo Mitrophan we Voronezh akanga ari hegum. Chirwere chacho chaiva chokufa, akanzwisisa izvi uye akanyora mukuda kwake kuti akanga asina goridhe kana mari yekusiya chiyeuchidzo chake uye "yezvirangariro zve mweya wangu wakaipa." Mari yose yaakanga anayo, yaipedza kune varombo, pane urongwa hwetemberi, nokuda kwevanhu vose.

Musi waNovember 23, 1703, mutendi akafa. Paakavigwa, Tsar Petro Mukuru pachake akanga aripo, akatakura bhokisi raIshe neruoko rwake. Mushure mokuvigwa, tsar akati haaina mukuru mutsvene akadaro. Bhishop uye mushamiso-Mitrofan Voronezhsky akavigwa muKathedral Cathedral yeVeronezh.

Zvishamiso uye kubatsira kubva kubva pane zvinyorwa zvevatsvene

Zvinyorwa zvevatsvene zvakanga zvisingafi, uye, maererano nevakawanda, zvishamiso zvakaitika kubva kwavari. Muna 1832, mutsvene aisimudzirwa pamberi peVatsvene. Kumisoro yake nguva dzose inovakwa rutsva rwevafambi. Vatendi vazhinji vanokumbira kuti munyengetero kuna Mitrofan Voronezh pamusoro pebasa, pamusoro pekuporesa kubva kune zvirwere zvakakomba, pamusoro pokubvisa urombo kuverenga pedyo nekusingaperi kwake kusingagumi. Uye chikumbiro chavo hachiregi kutarisa - mukuru ari kutarisana naMwari uye anokumbira munhu wose anomuteterera nerubatsiro.