Jeriko iguta rebhaibheri muPalestine

Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro peguta rino? MuchiRussia mutauro wekuti "Jeriko mapipu" wakabatanidzwa. Inoreva kudanidzira kukuru kunofananidzira dambudziko. Isuwo tinoziva kuti Jeriko ndiro guta rekare kupfuura dzose muPalestine, uye, zvichida, panyika yose. Vanochera matongo vakaona kuti panzvimbo ino vanhu vakaramba vachirarama kwemakore gumi nezviuru! Yeriko inofadzawo maererano nenzvimbo yaro: iyo yakareba mamita 250 pasi pegungwa. Iri ndiro guta rakadzama pasi rose. Uye, zvechokwadi, isu tinofanira kuzarura Bhaibheri, sezvo isu nokukurumidza tinosangana nekutaura kweJeriko.

MuTestamende Yekare zvinotaurwa mumabhuku: Dheuteronomio, Vatongi, 2 Makoronike, Joshua. Asi muEvhangeri guta rebhaibheri riri muPalestina harina kukanganwa. Kuswedera kwaari, Ishe wedu akaporesa mapofu kubva pakuberekwa. Achipinda masvingo eguta munzira inoenda kuJerusarema, Jesu Kristu akasangana naZakeo, uyo akanga ari mudiki murefu, saka akakwira pamuonde kuti aone Mesiya nokuda kwevanhu vakavapoteredza. Nenzira, muti uyu uchiri kurarama, uye unoratidzwa uchida.

"Zvose izvi nhoroondo," - anodaro murume asingatendi Bhaibheri. Vanorevei pamusoro pe "Guta reMapamu" (maererano neshoko rimwe chete, naizvozvo zita reguta reJeriko) chokwadi, iko, iko uchapupu hwezvinhu? Zvechokwadi, pamagumo ezana remakore rechi19, apo kufamba kwekutanga kwechechi yeBritain yakasvika muguta rebhaibheri, yakamira mumusha wekugara wakanyarara. Shanduro masayendisiti muna 1868 akaunganidza zvakanyanya. Mushure memakore makumi mana imwe nzendo yakasvika mumusha, ino nguva ine maGermany. Iyi nhume, yakatungamirirwa nechekuchera matongo E. Sellin, pakarepo yakatanga kukura zvakadzama. Somugumisiro, muna 1908, masayendisiti akawana rusvingo rwekare rweguta.

Kwemazuva ano, kuburikidza nekuedza kwechekuchera matongo, guta rebhaibheri muPalestine rave rakazivisa zvikamu makumi maviri nezviviri zvevanhu vakabva. Nzvimbo yekutanga yekugara kumadokero kwemahombekiti emakona eJeriko yemazuva ano ndeyemireniyamu ye8 BC. E. Asi izvi hazvikoshi: kugadzirisa kwakanga kusina kugadzikana kwemashure emasango, asi guta. Izvi zvinoratidzwa neshongwe ine simba yemamita masere, ichibva panguva ye-pre-ceramic Neolithic. Kugadziriswa kweBronze Age (7300 BC) kwakashamisa masayendisiti nehukuru hwezvombo zveguta racho. Zvinenge zvisingabviri kutenda kuti masvingo ane simba akadaro angavakwa navanhu vasingazivi iron.

Kune zvakawanda zvigadzirwa zveJeriko zvekuzotevera: iyo necropolis ye nguva yeHalkolite, matongo eimba yechando yeHerodhe, imba yamambo weArabhu yezana remakore rechinomwe. Asi chii chinotibvumira kutaura kuti Jeriko ndiro guta rebhaibheri muPalestina? Chokutanga, iyo inobva pagomo Tel-as-Sultan, inonzi kiyi yaErisha. MuBhuku rechina reMadzimambo (2: 19-22) tinoverenga kuti zvinhu zvose zvakanga zvakanaka muguta racho, asi mvura mairi yakanga isina kunaka. Muporofita Erisha akakanda munyu ipapo, izvo zvakagadzirisa zvakakodzera kunwa. Uye hausi kure neguta rinosimudza gomo iro Jesu Kristu akazvinyima kwemazuva makumi mana uye akaedzwa naDhiyabhorosi.

Asi "hwamanda dzeJeriko" dzinorevei? Bhuku raJoshua rinotitaurira kuti vaJudha vekare vakasarudza kutora nzvimbo ino yakabudirira zvikuru muoasis, nokuti vakavimbiswa kutsigira Jehovha. Hondo yakapoteredza guta rebhaibheri muPalestina ndokutanga kurira nenzwi guru nekubudisa mhere yekurwa. Somugumisiro, simba rakasimba rakasimbiswa uye VaIsraa vakauraya vagari vese kunze kweimba yemushandi pamwe nemhombwe Rahabhi. Nhoroondo iyi inofanirwa ine chinyorwa chipi zvacho here? Zvechokwadi, rusvingo rusvingo rweguta guru (17 hectares, risinganzwisisiki kare) rakakoromoka kamwechete munzvimbo dzakawanda. Asi chikonzero chei ichi chakanga chisisiri hwamanda, asi kudengenyeka kwenyika.