Mutsva weJerusarema mutsva: mapikicha uye kuongororwa kwevashanyi. Nzvimbo yeJerusarema Yenhemba yeMhonasi muIstra: sei kusvika

Kumuka kweJerusarema Jerusarema reMonastery rine nhoroondo yakawanda, iyo yakanyatsobatana neyekurangarira baba vako vanovamba, Patriarch Nikon. Utsvene hwake hwakada hugaro huno uye hwakagara pano anenge makore masere mushure mokunge abviswa kuMoscow. Muoni wacho akatungamirira masimba ake ose kuti aone chirongwa chake: mumasango, musha wemasitadhi aifanira kusikwa, iyo yaizova kopi chaiyo yeTemberi yakakurumbira yeKumuka kwaIshe, iri muJerusarema. MuKathedral, kufananidzana kwakafanana kwebako reSaint Sepulcher, Gomo reCarvary, nzvimbo yekuviga uye Kumuka kwaKristu kwakanyatsoberekwa. Mufundisi uyu aida vanhu veOrthodox kufungisisa imba yemamende sezvimbo yezvido zvitsvene.

Zviratidzo zvendima

Maererano nevakagadziri, mahedonyonym, maitiro ezvinyorwa, maitiro eimba yemamiti pachayo uye nzvimbo dzakapoteredza, iyo inotarira makumi emakumi emakiromita emakiromita, aifanira kudzorerazve mufananidzo weNzvimbo Tsvene uye maKristu echiKristu chePalestine. Pakati penzvimbo yakakomberedzwa musha wemasitari yakatangwa - guta-temberi. Shongwe dzedhonasi dzakawana mazita okufananidzira - Gethsemane, Waho'er's. Rwizi runokurumidza uye ruchivhuvhuta runofamba neRussia Palestine. Inogadzirisa uye inopisa nzvimbo inopoteredza New Jerusalem Monastery. Istra haisi iye oga muviri wemvura mundima. Musidhari unoyererawo unofamba-famba uchikomberedza chikomo chemakomo.

Iyi Imba yeMasasa yeJerusarema yakatanga kuvakwa muna 1656, apo Nikon akanga achiri muukama hwakanaka naTsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Nechipo chake, kuvakwa kwakaenderera mberi nekukurumidzira, asi kwakamira kwemakore gumi nemana mushure mekudzingwa kwatateguru. Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich kushingaira kwakadzorera basa rakanaka. Muumambo hwake pachake, chido chemurume mutsvene-tsvene kuti adzokere kunzvimbo yake yaanodikanwa yakazadzikiswa. Kubva kuna mambo, akagamuchira mvumo yekudzokera kuNew Jerusarema, asi akanyora pamusoro penzira yekubuda muutapwa ndokuvigwa.

Mushure mokufa kwaNicon, kuvaka kwakaenderera mberi, uye muna 1685 kereke yakagadzwa. Saramende yakabatwa nababa vakuru Joachim. Gore rakatevera, Chidziro Chitsvene cheKumhedheni yeKumuka chakasarudza kupa temberi "tsamba inogamuchirwa" kunyika dzose uye nzvimbo.

Pakutanga kwezana remakumi mana nezana remakumi mana nezana remakumi mana nezana remakumi mana nezana remakumi mana emakore, musha weJerusarema mutsva waiva umwe wemapurisa anozivikanwa zvikuru munyika. Apo ngarava yacho yakaiswa pedyo, nhamba yevaparidzi yakawedzerwa kunyange yakawanda. Muna 1913, imba yemasitadhi yakashanyira nevanhu vanenge zviuru makumi matatu. Nemari yakagoverwa nemamoni, hospice yakagadzirirwa varombo vafambi uye hotera. Kunyange nhengo dzakapfuma dzemhuri yeumambo dzakagadzirisa pfuma mu sacristy.

Historical Studies

Muzana remakore rechina reXIX, kuongorora kwesayenzi kwezvikamu zvekufambiswa kwemamoni kwakatanga. Mukuru wezvakaitika kare wechechi ndiye Archimandrite Leonid, uyo akasika basa rinokosha re "Historical Description of The Resurrection Monastery." Gwaro racho rakabudiswa muna 1874 uye rakanga risina nyaya yenyaya yekare chete, asiwo bhuku rezvinyorwa zvakawanda zvekukosha kwesayenzi izvo zvarasikirwa zvachose. Uyezve, archimandrite yakatanga musamuziyamu umo zvinhu zvekushandiswa kwemunhu weMutungamiriri wekare Nikon, zvidhori, mabhuku, mifananidzo, micheka kubva mumatokari emakoni zvakaratidzwa. Kusvikira zuva ranhasi Rumuko Idzva Jerusarema Monastery rakakurumbira pamusitamende yayo.

Kuvharwa kweimba yemamongi muhutongi

Munguva yakavhunduka yeRussia, maererano nechisarudzo chekodzero yezvenzambique yeSozets, New Syrian Monastery yakavharwa. Imba yedhesi, maererano nehurongwa, yakasungwa uye yakasarudzwa. Kusvikira nhasi, chiyeuchidzo chinoratidzirwa mune mari yeiyo inoshandiswa mumamamamiro e "Jerusarema Idzva". Iyo yakanyorwa nemashoko okuti Great Revolution yeRussia yakabvisa "Kereke" Kumutswa kweNew Jerusalem Monastery ndokuiisa kuvanhu. Dare rekereke rakabva rarega kushumira. Kwapera nguva yakati, zvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru zvakabviswa kubva mumidziyo uye zvakatamira kuIngoro yeChirungu.

Monastic Affairs uye Great Patriotic War

Muna 1941, imba yemamoni yakanga iri mumhoteredzo yekurwa kunotyisa kuMoscow. Zvizhinji zvezvivako uye zvivako zvemuzinda wemamende zvakatambura zvakanyanya, dzimwe dzazvo dzakaparadzwa zvachose. Mashoko pamusoro pechiyero ichi kunyange kuNuremberg Miedzo. Mushure mehondo, pedyo nemakore makumi mashanu, basa rekudzorera rakatanga muimba yemamongi . Imba yekuvakwa kweimba yemamiti yakamutswa kubva kumatongo. Zvadaro, basa rakaitwa kuitira kuti kugadziriswa kwekunaka kwekatiraire. Nenyasha yeIshe Ishe mutsva weJerusarema yakasvika muupenyu, Istria inoramba ichiyerera kuburikidza nenharaunda yayo, kusimbisa rugare nerunako rwemahara.

Cathedral uye nhoroondo yezvino

Muna 1994, Chechi yeRussian Orthodox yakaratidza kuvezve kweRussia Palestine. Mutsva weJerusarema mutsva, kudzorerwa kwahwo kwakanga kusati watanga, wakagamuchira chitsauko chitsva. Mutungamiriri wekare Alexy II akasarudza muteroy weimba yemamiti - Archimandrite Nikita.

Kubvira pakati pegore ra2008, Svondo Yera yeChechi yeRussian Orthodox yakagamuchira musoro weDaigum Theophylactus. Mugore rimwe chete, imba yemasitadhi yakashanyirwa nababa vedu pachake, pamwe chete neMutungamiriri weRussian Federation Dmitry Medvedev. Vakanyatsoziva zvivako uye vakabvumirana kuti pane zvakawanda zvokuita kuitira kuti vadzosezve kubwinya kwekare kweRussia Palestine. Yaiva panguva iyo iyo nheyo yezvipo yeimba yemamiti yakasimbiswa.

Muna 2009, Mutungamiri akasaina chirevo, nekuda kwekuti zviyero zvakatorwa kuti adzokerezve kuonekwa kwenzvimbo yacho. Kubatsira kwekudzorerwa kwevahedheni kunopiwa kubva mubhadharo yehurumende. Maererano nevakagadziri, nzvimbo yose inofanira kutora zvinhu zvayo zvekare, iyo yakakurumbira zvikuru neNew Jerusalem Jerusalem Monastery. Apo kudzorerwa kwapera, masuo eimba yemamoni ichave yakazarurirwa zvikuru kune vose vanofambira nemaparidzi.

Monastery Museum

Icho chimiro uye nhoroondo uye yakagadzirirwa musumamende yemunharasi yakatangwa muna 1920. Kusvika iye zvino, ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakura uye zvekare kupfuura zvose zvekare mumamamuziyamu ari munzvimbo dzakasununguka. Penguva yekuvapo kwake, akawana kushungurudzika uye kushandurwa. Muna 1941, chivakwa chacho chakanga chaparadzwa zvachose nevasviki vevaFascist. Pasinei nekukuvara kwakanyanya, nzvimbo yekuyeuchidza yakasununguka uye ichiri kushingaira kukura.

Imwe musimamende yemazuva ano yava mudziyo wezvinodarika mazana masere ezvioni zvezviratidzo, uko kuunganidza zvakasiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvechechi, zvekunze nekudzika kwemukati, zvombo, mapuranga, zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisiki uye zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinofanirwa kunyatsotarisirwa. Iwe unogona kuona kuunganidza kwemabasa ekushongedza uye kushandiswa kweunyanzvi, maikirwo uye mufananidzo wezana remakore rechimakumi maviri. Munharaunda yepaki, pasi pedenga rakashama, kune dhipatimendi rekuvaka matanda. Chero mushanyi kana mupilgrim anogona kuona zviitiko zvekare zvekare muzana remakore rechina reXIX: gorosi, chechipiri, dzimba dzevarimi.

Kusvika iye zvino, museum inochengetwa mune imwe chivako chemazuva ano, iyo yakavakwa kunyanya pedyo neimba yemamende. Kuti tishanyire musha wevatariri veNew Jerusalem, mufananidzo waro unoratidzwa pasi apa, nekuda kwechisarudzo ichi, yakava yakanyanya kunaka.

Nguva dzezvirongwa

Chokutanga pane zvose, kutarisirwa kunokodzera nehurongwa humwe chete, hwakagadzirirwa nguva yechando. Muchikamu chekufambisa uku, chivako chekuvakwa kweMuzinda weKumuka kunoongororwa. Rwendo rwekuona nzvimbo runosanganisira kushanyira kunzvimbo yepamusoro yekereke, kereke yepasi peSt. Helens naConstantine, mapurisa nezvimwe zvakawanda. Purogiramu inosanganisirawo kutasva mabhiza uye tewa yekunwa nemapasita emakona. Kushanyira kunowanikwa kune mapoka ose emakore.

Nguva "Mutungamiri Nikon"

Mutariri weMusamumusi panguva yekufambira anotaura nezvekuguma kwemuvambi weimba yemamoni. Basa rake munhoroondo yeRussia yezana remakore rechiXVII rakazara. Kufamba munzvimbo dzisingakanganwiki kunoitirwa vanhu vakuru nevana. Nokuda kwekufananidzirwa kwekufananidzira, iwe unogona kuona Imba yeJerusarema Yenyika Itsva, kereke yepamusoro uye ndima dzakapoteredza.

Kunyatsotarisirwa kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kutenderera pamusoro pekereke dzeOrthodox uye unyanzvi hwechechi. Pano iwe unogona kuwana ruzivo runobatsira pamusoro pezvakaoma zvechigadzirwa chevatongi veRussia, mitemo yechechi, zvinhu uye zvigadzirwa zvemashirisheni echechi, izvo zvinoshandiswa pakuita mabasa ekunamata. Vanoshanyira museum vanogona kuita rwendo rwechokwadi kunyika yenyika yeRussia, kudzidza zvakadzama pamusoro pevatsvene vanoremekedzwa muOrthodoxy, chimiro chakakurumbira che "Muponesi Asina Kuitwa nemaoko," kuumbwa kwemifananidzo uye hukama nemifananidzo mumazuva ekare.

Basa rokudzorera

Kusvika parizvino, zviyero zvose zvakatorwa kuzomutsidzira musha wemamende semumwe wezvinhu zvinokosha zvekunamata zveRussia. Kutenda kubasa rekudzorera kwakanyanya, Voskresensky Monastery Museum ichava hurukuro huru yekuratidzira nzvimbo yeMoscow. Zvinhu zvose zvinodiwa zvekudzorerwa, kuchengetwa kwezvakaitika kare zvekusungirirwa kwemamoriyamu yezvenje "Jerusarema Idzva" richavakwazve pano.

Imyuziyamu ichatanga kushanda zvizere kunopera 2015. Chivako chayo chitsva chinenge katatu chekare. Pamusoro pekutsanangurwa uye nzvimbo yekuratidzira, basa rekudzorera rinofunga nezvekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano ekuchengetedza, nzvimbo dzekuchengetedzwa kwemasamuki nemakamuri, uye dzakasiyana-siyana zvemitemo uye nzvimbo dzezvidzidzo. Pasinei nebasa rekugadzirisa, mutungamiriri wega wega kana vatashanyi vanogona kushanyira Imba yeMusha yeJerusarema. Zviitiko zvinowanzoitwa nguva dzose.

Iye zvino bhuku racho riri kugadzirirwa kubudiswa, iro richafukidza zvikamu zvose zvekuponesa nekuona basa rokudzorera kwevakavakwa pamwe veNew Jerusalem Jerusalem Monastery. Mariri, memo dzakawanda dzemazuva ano, magwaro nemifananidzo zvichaitwa pachena.

Zvose basa rekuvakazve riri kuitika kuburikidza neNew Jerusalem Jerusalem Monastery rakarongedzerwa kupedzerwa nekupera kwegore rinotevera, musamuziyamu ichadzorerwa zvishoma zvishoma. Iyo imba yevatemberi ichadzorerwa zvizere.

Resurrection Cathedral

Kusvika iye zvino, ndiyo chete chivako chemhando yeRussia umo mataresi akashandiswa mukati mekushongedza kwemukati. Mapapiro emakamuri, friezes eneramic, zvinyorwa zvakakwana zvinopindirana nekuparadzaniswa kwetemberi nzvimbo. Denga remukova rinoshongedza mapurisa e ceramic. Mumatunhu manomwe, zvaive zvichikwanisa kuchengetedza ichinostasis yakasiyana-siyana, iyo yakaitwawo nematombo. Especially impressive three-tier iconostases, iyo yakakwirira yakareba mamita masere. Kereke yeKumuka kweNew Jerusalem Jerusalem Monastery inofadza nekunaka kwayo.

Nzira yekuenda kumusha wemamatare

Kubva kuMoscow, kubva kuchiteshi chezvitima cheRiga , motokari yemagetsi inoenda kuchiteshi cheIstra kana kuNosvoirussalimskaya. Zvino iwe unofanirwa kuchinja bhazi kana taxi yakatarisa-taxi uye enda ku "Monastery". Mukuwedzera, pane kumira pachiteshi chemasitiriti cheTushino, kubva apo bhavha yekuvhara inoenda kuIstra. Mitikiti iri nani kutenga kare, kuti urege kumira mumatsetse ako.

Kana iwe uchireva rwendo rwemotokari, iwe unofanira kuenda kumigwagwa yeVolokolamsk. Zvakakosha kuenderera mberi Nakhabino, Krasnogorsk, Bullfinches, Dedovsk, kuburikidza neguta reIstra, mugwagwa mukuru unopfuura kupfuura musha. Kune nzvimbo dzakakosha munharaunda yaunogona kusiya motokari yako.

Kuongorora kwevashanyi

Kushanyira imba yemitambo kunyange panguva yekugadzirisa basa iri kuva imwe yezviitiko zvakakosha kune vanhu. Kunyangwe kubva kure kusvika kumataresi maonero akanaka kwazvo anotanga. Sezvo vashanyi vanoti, iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yaunogona kushanyira kazhinji. Kune mudzimu chaiwo unoramba uri nemunhu kwemazuva mashomanana mushure mokunge uenda kumusha wemamongi. Maererano neavo vakashanyira imba yemamongi, Museum yeThe New Jerusalem Monastery inopa maitiro akajeka, mune zvidzidzo zvinofadza uye zvekudzidzisa zvinoitwa.

Vanhu vanocherechedza mukudzokorora kwavo dome rakanaka uye risina kujairika, masvingo akanaka, anoshamisa nekunaka kwavo pakutanga pakuona. Iyi imba yevatongi inomira pakati pevamwe temberi dzekare dzeRussia, iyo inoonekwa nokukurumidza kune vaenzi vanoziva. Zvinonakidza zvikuru, maererano nevashumiri, kuti vapfuure nepagedhi guru: kutanga kutarira kunozarura kereke yepasi, ipapo kereke huru. Kuyeuka uye maonero ezvitsvene zvakadaro zvinoramba kwenguva yakareba.

Vamwe vanhu vanofara kuti imba yemhuri ine nzvimbo yakakura, yakakura, kune tsime rine mvura tsvene, nzvimbo dzaunokwanisa kutasva mabhiza, maruva akawanda, mabhizinesi ane mhemberero yakazaruka. Vose vafambi, vatashanyi, vanhu vamunosangana navo munzira, vanyemwe uye venyatso netsitsi.

Iyi imba yevatemberi inogona kushanyirwa nevana, izvo zvakanaka kune mhuri dzose. Kana uchida, iwe unogona kudya zvokudya zvisiri nyore, asi zvinonaka uye unoramba uchiongorora.

Panzvimbo yekupedzisa

Nharaunda yemunharaunda inzvimbo iyo kunaka kwakanaka kunonzwa. Kunyange panguva yekudzorerwa kwechimiro chayo, temberi yakazarurirwa kune vechechi uye vatashanyi avo vanoda kunzwa kunzwa kwekunamata kwemaNamolennoe nzvimbo uye pachavo vanoona kunaka kwose iyo iyo Jerusarema Idzva reMhonasi. Apo kudzorerwa kwapera, nharaunda uye musamuziyamu zvinofadza ungano nekunze kwavo kwekudzorerwa nekunze kwekunze.