Chii pituitary shwanu? Aripiko pituitary shwanu?

Mysteries womunhu muviri usamhanya vazhinji emakore pamusara. Uye apo masayendisiti akawana kuti pituitary shwanu, zvikuru anoramba USINGAZIKAMWI. Izvi kwemakemikari anobudiswa shwanu iri pasi goko of Hemisférios Cerebrais iri Chigaro pamusoro dehenya mapfupa.

The Simba rine woita chimiro uye chiduku duku inorema 0.5 d vanhu vakawanda vanoziva apo pituitary shwanu, asi pamusoro kukosha basa executable fembera kwete zvose. Kukosha shwanu izvi zvakaoma kuona, nokuti zvinokanganisawo muviri, kuti kukura.

The nemamiriro pituitary shwanu: characterization

Human Pituitary muzvikamu zviviri: a nechemberi (anonzi adenohypophysis) uye rwemberi chikamu (neurohypophysis). Iyewo ane ukama hypothalamus kubudikidza fanera. Hazvina kubva chikamu ichi pituitary shwanu kuwa zvinhu kuti zvinowedzera kugadzirwa mahormone. Both ayo mugove mashandiro pasi kutungamirirwa hypothalamus, pasinei nokuti muviri ichi ndicho nechepakati uye chinokosha munyika yacho kwemakemikari anobudiswa ino womunhu muviri.

Anterior akafukidza

Achitaura hunhu chikamu ichi, isu ichapindura mubvunzo kuti chii pituitary shwanu. The nemamiriro Anterior akafukidza rine mhando dzakasiyana-siyana glandular kwemakemikari anobudiswa masero. Iyewo, iri muzvikamu akawanda nhengo:

• Distal. It unobereka chikuru uwandu mahormone.
• Tubular. Zviri kuenderera yaimbovapo, asi mabasa Hazvizivikanwi, sezvo nzvimbo iyi havaratidzi kunzwisiswa nemasayendisiti.
• Zvenguva. Kubva rokuti zviri pachena kuti riri pakati vaviri pamusoro apa.

mamiriro Izvi zviri pituitary shwanu. Mashandiro anoita mashoko Anterior akafukidza dzinokosha mune mutemo pezvakaitwa kubva vasiri nemaonero (izvozvo chokuita kukura, kubereka uye lactation, kushushikana). basa iri rinoitwa nemhaka peptide mahormone kuti vaite pamusoro nhengo zvinangwa: ovaries, chiropa, adrenal omumuviri, thyroid, etc ...

Sezvambotaurwa, kudzora lobes zvakanaka vane guru hemispheres uropi, dzinova hypothalamus. Chikamu ichi inotaura kukura kemikari, prolactin, thyroid anotokonya kemikari, follicle-nekurukurirano uye luteinizing kemikari, Beta-endorphin.

Posterior akafukidza pituitary shwanu

chikamu ichi chine yenhengo matatu, kureva mubatanidzwa huta mugove fanera hunde uye muMedhia akapiwa yapamusoro. Masayendisiti vanoti chinhu ichi ari fungidziro pamusoro hypothalamus, zvisinei zvakadai pituitary hormone sezvo oxytocin uye vasopressin, uropi dzinobudisa akati mamiriro. Neurosecretory vesicles ndivo gungwa pamusoro hormone izvi uye pasi yakakwana kwazvo ravanosunungurwa kupinda ropa.

zvokungoitawo mugove

It inomiririrwa mutete rukoko masero, izvo riri pakati zvimwe zvikamu zviviri. chikamu ichi chiri kushanda musi melanocyte-mutange kemikari.

shwanu mabasa

Zvino unogona zvakajeka kunzwisisa chii pituitary shwanu, kuburikidza rondedzero mabasa ayo. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Anterior akafukidza unobereka zvizhinji mapuroteni mahormone. Fuma prolactin ndiye anokonzera zvakakwana mukaka kurimwa vakadzi lactating. Kuwedzera muviri vanoda kukura kemikari. Kana iduku, kukura muviri yakapera, uye munhu anogona kuramba zvipfupi. Kana yakawandisa kemikari, zvinokwanisika kuchengeta nokunyanyisa kukura.

To utano aiva ari thyroid shwanu, kuti pituitary shwanu unobereka thyroid mutange kemikari. Kana kutyora zvaigona kuva vakaomerwa. Panguva adrenal cortex zvakunoita adrenocorticotropic kemikari, uye kukura bonde nhengo uye kutanga kuyaruka kunoenderana estrogen uye testosterone - mukono nehadzi pabonde mahormone.

Posterior akafukidza pituitary shwanu chakanyanya. basa rayo muna Pfungwa vakatobatana kurondedzerwa yeimwe: oxytocin uye vasopressin. Wokutanga kemikari anotora chikamu mune marwadzo ose anotsvedzerera tsandanyama zviri ura, nduru dundira uye Urinary. Oxytocin zvinosimudzira marwadzo ari uterine tsandanyama panguva kurwisana kwemadzinza ezvizvarwa. Uyewo, kemikari ichi anogadzirwa kuti kuderedza chityu, izvo achabatsira kuti chidzoke uye kukura mukaka. fuma iyi zvinobatsira itsvo kuti kuona yavaibvisa, zvichiita ropa pamwero rake ipfupi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vose lobes kuita mabasa avo tisingatungamirirwi.

Pituitary shwanu uye Hemisférios Cerebrais chokuita ne gumbo pamwe iyo duku arteries kuti anopa muviri zvokudya. Vanachiremba vanoti havasi kushanda zvose shwanu ichi zvakakwana vakadzidza, uye kuti kuwedzera kwetunhu mishonga, pane chimwe chikamu maatomu akafanana. Chaiwo Huwandu synthesized mahormone hadzina kuwanikwa.

Nezvinetso pituitary shwanu uye chirwere tevera

The dzose kushanda pituitary shwanu inopa vimbiso utano hwevanhu uye hurefu. muviri ichi - rudzi kudzora muviri pakubata nokudzora pakuenzanisa mahormone zvakakodzera kuti munhu. A rakakura muupenyu hwedu kuridza pituitary shwanu. The ndeyokuva Inowanzotyorwa uye tinganetseka zviratidzo kuti anoratidza kuchiitirwa chirwere. Pasinei anogadzirwa mahormone (rakawandisa kana zvishoma), munhu anogona kuva kwakakomba kwemakemikari anobudiswa chirwere kana chirwere.

Kushaya zvimwe mahormone chinokurwadzai zvakasiyana thyroid basa, hypothyroidism, kukura kusungwa, munhu anova zvipfupi. Uyewo zvimwe kuva hypopituitarism kuti rinononotsa kuyaruka ari mwana kana kunomutsa dzokubereka nadzo zvinetso nedzevakuru.

chinhu overabundance pamusoro mahormone hwakazara hapana zvishoma migumisiro yakaipa. Panyaya iyi, kuti maitiro zvirwere kuda zvakadai cheBP, chirwere cheshuga mellitus, nyonganyonga pfungwa uye dzokubereka nadzo, hombe kuwedzera (gigantism).

Nechipiriso kutyorwa - iri migumisiro zvemamiriro kushanda pituitary shwanu. Vari achiperekedzwa kwemakemikari anobudiswa uye metabolic chirwere, iyo chokuita pathological inotungamirwa pane imwe nzvimbo pamusoro pituitary muviri. In glandular zvinyama anogona kuumba benign nebundu rakanzi "Adenoma". Mhaka chirwere ave tagovera kana dehenya, zvichitungamirira kukuvara uropi kana neuroinfection.

Pituitary adenoma: chii ndiwo?

Bundu muchimiro bundu kunowedzera nguva, saizi yaro ikava makuru, uye anotanga kubudisa vomanikidza glandular zvinyama riri mukati dehenya. Huru chiratidzo inova kwemakemikari anobudiswa uye metabolic chirwere, icho pamwe chete Opthalmo-chetsinga kuchinja uye havachanyatsogoni hormone mwero.

The chikuru zvichemo dzevarwere kushanyira chiremba vari: nemusoro ari panzvimbo pituitary shwanu, kuchinja kutarisana mumunda, havachanyatsogoni ziso masangano. Chirwere uye kurapwa chirwere ichi ane pachake zvachiri uye kunyange contraindications kuti ushandiswe nachiremba, zvichienderana yezvakaita chirwere. Kana anomera makuru, kana kusina contraindications, shandisa kuvhiya kupindira uye dzidzo zvakabviswa.

Kana munhu akawana microadenomas navaduku saizi, hazvina kuipa kuchikosha kutyisidzira, asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti kurapa haumanikidzwi tiite, sezvo bundu kuwedzera, nokuwondisa, uye ipapo vachiri zvidimure.

Mhando pituitary adenomas

Kupatsanura pakati Education akatora hwaro kukura chokuratidza. Maererano neizvi, kune microadenomas, iyo dhayamita izvo zviri masendimita asingasviki maviri, uye macroadenoma rine kukura kupfuura masendimita maviri. Kana chiremba ane nokufungirana ane chirwere, murwere aifanira chiremba kuongororwa uye rinobva resonance kuri (rakapfupikiswa sezvo MRI). Izvi Nzira kubvumira tinosarudza hunhu bundu.

Positive chirwere mugumisiro achagadza yepamusoro kurapwa. Murwere achawana mishonga zvinodhaka kuti kuita pamusoro pathological pfungwa.

Drug uye nemwaranzi kurapa - ndiro inonyatsobudirira siyana pakurapa chirwere ichi, izvo zvinozivikanwa munyika okurapa. Apore ndiye munhu chaizvo uye kunobva dzichipfekeka mamiriro womunhu muviri, uyewo sei chirwere kunoitika, chii padanho zvayo kukura.

Kushandisa Radio wave kurapwa uye izvo zvinokanganisa pathological centre, hunhu kwokutanga pavaipfuura chirwere. Kana hunhu mberi adenomas, ipapo pakarepo zvinoda kuvhiyiwa.

Inokuvadza uye kushoma chaizvo nyaya - pituitary adenoma kuti anowanika vakadzi vane pamuviri. Zvinosuruvarisa aibata microadenomas akadaro contraindicated, kana pharmacological kupindira kana radiotherapy, sezvo izvi zvakadaro kunogona kukanganisa azvarwa. Chinhu bedzi anogona kuva vanachiremba - ndiko kudzora chirwere. Kana mukadzi anosununguka, kufambira mberi bundu inogona kuchekwa. Somugumisiro, varwere kwakadaro kupa zvakanaka fungidziro.

mhedziso

Vakapa nyaya rinopa mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii pituitary shwanu, chii chinoshanda ine, chii kutyorwa zvinogoneka uye zvavari inongomutsa. Little duku chidimbu womunhu muviri, kotoroya ane rakakura zvikuru. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvose muviri zvinokosha uye anokosha!