Iyo Hermitage's Diamond Pantry: History of Creation

IHermitage iyi musamu yehurumende, iyo nyanzvi dzakawanda nevashanyi vanodana chete Crown of Russian museum furniture. Imba yaro yakashongedzwa nemabasa akawanda akaenzana emifananidzo.

Asi kwete chete vadzidzisi vekunaka vanoda kutsvaga pano, vachiuya kuHermitage. Igoridhe nedhaimani panhare inoputira zvinhu zvose mune dzimwe dzimba. Pashure pezvose, madhipatimendi aya ane pfuma inokosha zvikuru. Asi mafungiro evanhuwo zvavo anonyanya kukunda.Hem Hermitage's Diamond Pantry. Nezvei uye tichazotaura munyaya ino.

Nhoroondo

Apo iyo Hermitage yakaitika, hakuna munhu akakurudzira mubvunzo wehuyo hwepfuma mairi. Zvechokwadi, vadzidzisi nevatori vezvinhu zvose vaiva vaRussia vaitonga. Asi mamiriro acho akachinja zvishoma nezvishoma. Uye ikozvino Nicholas ini ndakatanga kusiyanisa mabasa, ndichireva "munhu" uye "nyika". Munguva yekutonga kwamambo uyu, Hermitage yakagamuchira vashanyi vaifanira kuona humbozha nekunaka kwezvinhu zvose zvakaratidzwa muzviratidzwa. IHermitage's Diamond Pantry yakatanga rini? Nhoroondo yekuonekwa kwayo inonzwisisika. Mushure mezvose, zvose zvaive zviripo zveumambo zvepamusoro, uyewo madhaimondi ekorona, zvaifanira kuchengetwa pane imwe nzvimbo. Panguva imwe chete iyo inofanira kuchengetwa nenzira yakadai yekudzivirira hutachiona uye kudzivisa chero njodzi.

Kuti uchengetedze madzimambo, korona yemakona, pamwe nemashizha anokosha uye huni zvinhu, Nicholas ndakaumba sarudzo yakakosha. Akaritumidza iyo Cameral Dhipatimendi reKaiti yeEIW.

Zvechokwadi, zvinhu zvose izvi zvinokosha zvaive pasi pekutarisa kwakasvinura uye kusvika muzana remakore rechi19. Nhoroondo yeChiniti yakagadzirwa naNicholas I inotangira kubva muna 1704. Pakutanga, sarudzo iyi yakatarisana nehutungamiri hwehupfumi, hutungamiri, uye nezvemari yevatongi vatongi. Yakasikwa maererano neMutemo weChinyorwa, yakabudiswa naTsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Kusvikira mugumo wezana remakore rechi18, iyo Gavhuna yakange iri mutariri wekuchengetedza hutongi hwose hwemambo, uyewo marimondi korona. Asi dzimwe shanduko mubasa iri dzakaitwa musi waJuly 16, 1786. Zvadaro, maererano nemurairo waCatherine II, basa reKubatiro raive rakatsanangurwa zvakajeka. Mune imwe yendima dzebhuku rino, tsanangudzo yakapiwa mune zvimwe zvikamu zvakaenzana zvakananga nekuchengetwa kwehurumende yenyika, iyo yakanga iri zvishongo.

Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19 kupatsanurana kwakagadzikana kweHold Palace kwakaonekwa. Zvaitendwa kuti kune nzvimbo dzakawanda mairi. Vaisanganisira nzvimbo dzokugara, pamwe chete nemakamuri akachengetedzwa kumativi ose emambo. Ikoko kwaive nenzvimbo inokosha mu Winter Palace. Yaiva mukamuri umo maive maitiro anokosha eimba yeumambo. Iyi nzvimbo yainzi Imperial New Hermitage. Pano pane zvinhu zvakachengetwa zvakamboitwa muKunstkammer uye kuMoscow Armory. Akafambiswa pano uye mabasa oumhizha kubva kuHeritage Hermitage.

Muna December 1856, vakazarura zvepamutemo chikamu chakasiyana chezviratidzwa zvevashanyi. Nzvimbo yavakange iripo yakazozivikanwa seHermitage's Diamond Pantry. Pakutanga, yakaiswa zana zana nemakumi matanhatu nemashanu.

Kuunganidza zvishongo zvishongo

Chii chakachengetwa nhasi muHermitage's Diamond Pantry? Kune zvinhu zvakawanda mairi zvinoratidza vashanyi vemu museum kupfuuridza zvishoma nezvishoma kwebhizimisi rekushongedza, iro rakagadziridzwa kuburikidza nemakore akawanda evanhu. Asi ndeyezvinhu zvemazana emakore gumi nemasere emasikirwo anove anozvikudza zvikuru neHermitage's Diamond Pantry. Zviratidzo zvinourawa nemaoko evakagadziri vemazuva ano, zviri pano hazviiti. Mushure mezvose, zana remakore rechi18 rinonzi zana remadhamondi. Ndezvipi zvezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nematombo kubva kuEurope kune avo vanonyanya kutengesa vatengi!

Aya ndiwo makatekete nemagetsi-mabhokisi, matambudziko asina maturo uye maskets, vateki uye maziso, zvishongo zvepfeko, hats nemvere. Iko kune mamwe aya mabhodhoro emafuta, zvishongo uye zvindori.

Nzvimbo dzinokosha dzinopinza mabhokisi

IHermitage's Diamond Pantry inopa zvinhu zvakawanda kune vashanyi. Vakawanda vavo vakatengwa naMudzimai Elizaveta Petrovna. Somuenzaniso, maererano nekuraira kwake, zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokwidziridzwa zvinotengwa. Zvakaoma kuwana chinhu chakadai nhasi. Uye munguva idzodzo dziri kure idzi idzi dzaiva mabhokisi akasiyana-siyana akaitirwa kuchengetedza fodya. Izvo zvakawira muDondon Store yeHermitage pane imwe nguva mubayiro unokosha kuMempress nokuda kwebasa rake.

Inoshandiswa nyoka-mabhokisi, yakagadzirwa ne jewelers uye sezvipindiro, uye zvipo zvepedyo. Panewo bhodhi revharavha mune iri peji yakasiyana-siyana, yakarongedzwa nemadzimai aCatherine II uye Semen Zorich (mumwe wevanoda vakawanda). Vanochengetedza muHermitage maviri akaiswa negortoiseshell mabheji-mabhokisi aiva aTar Peter. Chimwe chazvo chakashongedzwa nechinyorwa chinoratidzwa ngarava pachiteshi cheSt. Petersburg. Yechipiri inourayiwa nenzira yepakutanga. Inogadzirwa nenzira yechikepe uye ine kunyange mahwindo egirazi. Iyi miviri miviri inogadzirwa nemudzidzisi asingazive.

Watches

Iyo nzira inoratidza nguva yaiva yakakurumbira munguva idzodzo dzakatarisa apo Russia yakatonga pamusoro pemadzinza ematars. Zvisinei, ivo chete vakadha vaigona kutenga kutenga. Vakanga vakabatanidzwa nenzira yeketani yakakosha - kuvhara kusvika kumabhanhire. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kuguma ipapo. Mamwe mashoma emaketani akanga akabatanidzwa nebhandi. Pane chimwe chazvo chaiva kiyi. Zvaive zvakakodzera kufekitari yekurinda. Imwe ketani yakashongedzwa nekumiswa kwakagadzirwa ne jewelers, uye chetatu ipapo inogona kuva neipi yakanatswa. Uye zvigaro zvose zvakadaro zvakashongedzwa nematombo anokosha akasiyana-siyana. Zvinhu zvizhinji zvakafanana zvinoratidzwa kune vaenzi vavo neHermitage (Diamond Pantry).

Maawa okuzarura masters echiSwitzerland, echiFrench neChirungu anobudiswa pano uye mudeshi yebhuku.

Salt cellars

Isu tose tinoziva tsika dzeRussia, dzakaguma mukupa kune vaenzi ve "salt-salt". Chiitiko chakakosha chakadaro chaiva chevanhu vaipfuura. Ndicho chikonzero pakati pezviratidzwa zveDzimba yeDondond yeHermitage kune saltcellars. Ndiyo midziyo yakaumbwa nesirivha kana ndarama yakaisvonaka. Mucheka-munyu unoshongedzwa nekudzingwa, pamwe nemabwe anokosha.

Mabasa aIvan Kulibin

Munguva yekutonga kwaMakadzi Catherine the Great, akafara nemichina yakanyatsozivikanwa yekudzidziswa, yakaitwa nemaoko ake. Chimwe chezvinhu zvake zvisingakoshi zvikuru ivha inopoteredzwa mune imwe mazai akaumbwa nehove yefishnet.

Kuburikidza nevanodavirwa veMmress Count Vladimir Orlov, Kulibin akaratidza nyaya iyi yakasiyana naCatherine. Mumazuva iwayo, akaita kuti ayekwe zvechokwadi. Mushure mezvose, ishe uyu muRussia asati amboona kutama. Zvishongo zveganda zvakagadzirwa chete nemuviri unokosha waidiwa kwavari.

Mukuwedzera kune kufamba kwaiwanzoitika, Ivan Kulibin maziso aifarira muridzi ane nziyo yemimhanzi uye nhamba dzinofamba pasi penziyo.

Inoshanda naJeremia Pose

Iyi yakaisvonaka yakaisvonaka yakasika zvisikwa zvake zvekumhanya kweRussia mitatu. Nzira yekuenda kuDhizimusi Horo yeHermitage ichakuziva nemashizha ake egoridhe, akashongedzwa namatavi emadhamondi, pamwe nemaruva anokosha ayo munguva yekare madzimai akanaka aipfeka pamapfudzi, pachiuno kana pamuviri wehupfeko. Mamwe mabwe akanga akaiswa muhomwe yesirivha, nekuda kwekuti vakadzingwa mumvuri wejena. Ndarama yakashanda kungobatanidza maruva ega ega mumaruva. Nokuda kwekugadzirisa uku, zvikamu zvose zvaifamba. Izvi zvakagadzira kushamisa kunoshamisa. Panguva yekufamba, vakadzi vacho vakagumburwa uye vakapenya.

Kuti aratidze maruva akadaro, pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19. Kunyange yakagadzira vasesi chaiyo. Yakanga yakaumbwa nekristalo yedombo, iyo yakagadzira pfungwa yekuzara kwayo nemvura

Ndianiko mamwe mabasa anoshandiswa muChamber Diamond?

Masters emabhizimisi ezvishongo, achishanda muSt. Petersburg, aive, semurairo, wepakutanga. Ndicho chikonzero vashanyi veDzimba Diamond vanoyemura mabasa aJFK. Burde, I. Pose, I.G. Nyasha, hama dzeDuval naTeremene, uye J.P. Adora.

Chido chekushongedza muzana remakore rechi18. Yaiva yakakura chaizvo. Kufarira muzvishongo hazvina kuwira muzana remakore rakatevera. Munguva iyi, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa naCar Faberge zvakanyanya kufarirwa. Basa rakakosha kupfuura rimwe redzidzisi ane mukurumbira ndiyo iyo yehurumende yakadaro yemuzinda weGreat uye Small Crown, uyewo Simba uye Tsvimbo. Zvose izvi zvinyorwa Carl Faberge zvakaitwa mukuderedza kwegumi.

Mazuva ano, mapepa ose anopa kuongororwa kune vashanyi vacho Hermitage (St. Petersburg), Diamond Pantry. Kuderedza madzimambo emadzimambo akaiswa pamapadhi akaitwa velvet mutsvuku uye akafukidzwa nesirivha. Uyewo, pads dzinosimbiswa pane zvakasikwa zvakasikirwa nokuda kwechikonzero ichi zvigadziko zvesirivha. Zvose izvi zvinokudzwa zvinowanikwa padenga rakafanana nekoroma yeRoma. Iine plinth yepiniki quartzite inogadzirwa uye yakashongedzwa nejasi resirivha.

Kuti aende pasi kuzoshanda, Faberge aifanira kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha kubva muimba. Nokuda kweiyi inyanzvi, iyo yakatora mu 1900 World Industrial uye Art Exhibition muParis, munyori akawana Gold Medal uye Mutemo weLegion of Honor. Panguva imwechete iye aizivikanwa semugove wakanakisisa wenyika. Mushure mekuratidzwa uku, tsar Nicholas II michina yakatengwa kuHermitage.

Brilliant exhibits

Chimwe chezvikamu zvakajeka zvikuru zveDzimba yaDamondi zvinosanganisira mabhanhire akaitwa muRenaissance. Zvose izvi zvine musoro wegungwa uye zvakashongedzwa ne "zvisina kunaka" baroque maparera. Chimwe chigadzirwa ichocho ndechekusimudzirwa kwechikepe. Iyo yakaitwa neyemaradhi imwe chete, uye pearl baroque inoshumira sehombe yechikepe.

Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvemasitirwo emvura ndezvokumiswa kwechikwata cheErics Elizabeth Francis Drake. Ichi chinhu chine chitenderedzwa chekartz ye pink pin, ine kuiswa kwegoridhe kweketani. Pagomo pane chifananidzo chemafungu ekudengesa ngarava. Pano, zita romuridzi wekumiswa rinoratidzwa, uyewo zuva - 1590.

Kunewo zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kubva kuguta reSicilian reTrapani rinotanga kusvika muzana remakore rechi17 muHermitage's Diamond Room. Nyanzvi dzinozviona sechisinganzwisisiki uye chisingawanzoitiki. Izvo zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nekoral, sirivha uye yakashongedzwa nemhangura. Runako rwavo runoita kuti vaone maziso evashanyi. Chimwe chigadzirwa chakadaro i jug-hilum. Kubva pamadziro emudziyo uyu semakristasi anokura.

Tarisa maunganidzwa akasiyana

Nzira yekuenda sei kuHermitage's Diamond store? Nokuda kweizvi zvakakosha kutenga matikiti kune rimwe remakwikwi, ayo anowanikwa chete panguva.

Iyo Hermitage (iyo Diamond Store) inokumbira munhu wese kuti atitane nesu. Matikiti ayo achadikanwa kune aya ndeaya:

1. Pamukova weHermitage. Kune vagari veRussia neBelarus, mutengo wetikiti yakadaro ibhuru mazana mana. Vose vanogona kuitenga iyo ruble 600. Rusununguko musimamende inogona kushanyirwa nevana uye vadzidzi vemunyika ipi neipi, uyewo veRussia pensioners.

2. Panotungamirirwa kutungamirirwa muDamond Diamond. Mutengo wetikiti iyi ibrafu 300. Kune mapoka ose evanhu.

Matatikiti ose anotengeswa neHermitage cash madheski ari pamusuo. Munguva yepamusoro yevatambi venguva inokosha kuti vauye kwavari nekukurumidza. Mushure mezvose, nhamba yetikiti haigone. Nzvimbo yakakwirira yevatasviki ndiyo nguva yeusiku husiku, May neNew Year holidays.

Kusvika iye zvino, mune mukana wekutenga matikiti paIndaneti. Nokuti izvi zvakakwana kuenda kunzvimbo yepamutemo yemu museum. Ichokwadi, mari yetikiti ine sarudzo iyi ichave yakakwirira. Ichava mabhiriki 580. Kupinda muHermitage, uye kutora chikamu mukushanya kweDzimba yeDondon - 430 rubles.

Uyewo paInternet iwe unogona kugumburwa kune nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekambani dzinofamba dzinopa matikiti pamatengo anokonzerwa. Iko kunofanirwa kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti hapana chidikanwi chevataurirane. Chero munhu upi zvake anogona kuronga kushanyira Hermitage uye Diamond Room pachavo. Sezvo marwendo ari kushandiswa chete nevashandi vesimamende. Basa revatauriri ndeyekutenga kwetikiti chete, iyo iyo inoshamisa inotora inotorwa.

Nguva ipi yakazaruka yekushanyira Hermitage (Diamond pantry)? Maawa anoshandiswa muMusamumusi anosiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nezuva revhiki. Saka, musi weChishanu, China, Mugovera neSvondo, Hermitage inoshanyira vashanyi kubva pa10: 30 kusvika 18.00. Mari iyo yematare panguva imwe chete inoshanda kusvikira pa5: 00. Musi weChitatu neChishanu museumusiya unoshanyira vatenzi kubva 10: 30 kusvika 21.00. Panguva imwe chete iwe unogona kusvika kumahofisi etikiti tisati tasvika 20.00. Muvhuro muHermitage izuva rinopera.

Musi woMugovera uye Svondo, uyewo mumwaka wezhizha zvinokurudzirwa kuuya munyuziyamu kana hafu yeawa isati yasvika, kana kuti zvakananga kwaari. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekukura kukuru kwevashanyi. Uyo akazouya gare gare achamira mumutsara kwemaawa akawanda kana kuti haangangopindi mu musamu.

IHermitage's Diamond Pantry inoshanda sei? Purogiramu yemakwikwi ayo inogona kuwanika nekusangana nekodzero yekuchengetedzwa kwemashoko pazuva rekushanyira. Vakanamatira uye pane zvigaro zvakasarudzwa.

Nguva dzekuenda kuDzimba yeDamondi dzakarongeka zvakanaka. Mushure mokunge vatengi vetikiti vasunungure muvharobhu uye enda kumusimamende. Iboka racho rinounganidzwa makumi matatu maminitsi vasati vashanyira muimba yekuchengetera iri mumoto we museum. Iyi nzvimbo inoratidzwa nechiratidzo chikuru. Kuzviwana kunobatsira uye vashandi veMusamamu. Vanotaura vachitenda kunzvimbo yakarurama.
Iawa nehafu inotora rwendo, kuunza zviratidzo zvinodzivirira Hermitage Diamond Pantry. Mufananidzo wezvishongo kune vashanyi haabvumirwi.