Iyo yakawandisa gasi. Dhiyabhorosi gas radon: dzimba, unhu, hafu yeupenyu

Gasi nderimwe rematongerwo enyika ane nyaya. Gasi haisipo chete mumhepo paNyika, asiwo mune nzvimbo. Ivo vanobatanidzwa nekuzorora, kushaya simba, kusagadzikana. Izvo zviri nyore ndiyo hydrogen. Uye ipi gasi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha? Ngationei.

Iyo yakaoma magasi

Izwi rokuti "gesi" rinobva pashoko rekare rechiGiriki rokuti "mhirizhonga". Izvo zvikamu zvaro zvinoshambadza uye zvisingatauriki zvakabatana. Vanofamba vachishushikana, vachizadza ivo pachavo nenzvimbo yose inowanikwa kwavari. Iyo gasi inogona kuva chinhu chakanaka uye inosanganisira maatomu echinhu chimwe, uye inogona kunge iri boka rezviverengeka.

Gesi inorema yakawanda (kutonhorera kwemukati) ibhu radhi, mashoma ayo masero 222 g / mol. Iro radioactive uye zvachose haina kuchena. Mushure maro, inonyanya kukosha ndeye xenon, iyo inomic mass is 131 g / mol. Izvo zvakasara magasi makuru ndiwo makemikari.

Pakati pezvinokonzerwa nemakemikari, gasi rinorema zvikuru pamusana wekushisa kwe +20 ° C ndiyo tungsten (VI) fluoride. Simba rayo rinosvika 297.84 g / mol, uye rakakura se 12,9 g / l. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akazara, iyo gasi isina kuchena, mumhepo ine unyoro inopfungaira uye inoshandura bhuruu. Tungsten hexafluoride inoshanda zvikuru, inoshandurudzwa nyore nyore kusvika pakunaya painotonhora.

Radon

Kuwanikwa kwegasi kwakaitika munguva yekutsvakurudza pamusoro pehutachiona. Mukati yekuparadzaniswa kwezvimwe zvikamu, masayendisiti akadzokorora zvakare chimwe chinhu chinobudiswa pamwe nezvimwe zvikamu. E. Rutherford akazvitumidza kuti kubuda.

Nokudaro, kubuda kwe thorium-trononi, radium-radon, actinium-actinone yakawanikwa. Gare gare zvakasimbiswa kuti zvose izvi zvinonzi isotopes zvechikamu chimwechete - gesi rejeri. Robert Gray naWilliam Ramsay vakatanga kuisa parutivi rwenzira yakachena uye vakayera nzvimbo dzayo.

Mutsara we periodic waMendeleyev radon chikamu cheboka rechi18 rine atomic nhamba 86. Iri pakati pe astatine neFrance. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akadai, chinhu chacho gasi, hachina kutora, kunhuwa uye maronda.

Iyo gasi ndiyo 7.5 nguva yakaoma kupfuura air. Inoputira mumvura zviri nani pane mamwe magasi akanaka. Muchivhura, chiyero ichi chikuru. Pazvose inert gases, inonyanya kushanda, nyore nyore kuwirirana ne fluorine uye oksijeni.

Radiacid gas radon

Imwe yezvinhu zve element ndiyo radioactivity. Element inoda kusvika makumi matatu isotopes: ina yemasikirwo, iyo yose - inogadzirwa. Vose zvavo havana kugadzikana uye vanozviisa pasi pekuora kwemhepo. Ihafu-yehupenyu ye radon, kunyanya chaizvo, isotope yakanyanyogadzikana, ndeye mazuva 3.8.

Nemhaka yepamusoro ye radioactivity, gesi ine fluorescence. Mune gaseous and liquid state, iyo chinhu inowanikwa mubhuruu. Rhodhoni yakasimba inoshandura palette yejena kubva kune yakatsvuka iyo yakanatswa kusvika pakushambidzwa kwe nitrogen - inenge -160 ^о С.

Radhoni inogona kuva yakanyanyisa kune vanhu. Somugumisiro wekuparara kwayo, zvinorema zvisiri zvemaitiro zvinogadzirwa, somuenzaniso, polonium, mutungamiri, bismuth. Ivo vanonyanyisa kusununguka kubva mumuviri. Nokugadzirisa nekuunganidza, zvinhu izvi zvinopisa muviri. Mushure mekusvuta, radon isiri yechipiri chinowanzokonzera chirwere chemapapu.

Nzvimbo uye kushandiswa kwedhidhioni

Iyo yakaipisisa gasi ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakashata zvepasi. Muzvisikwa radon chikamu chezvinhu zvinowanikwa nehurani-uranium-238, thorium-232, uranium-235. Apo pavanopera, inosunungurwa, ichiwa mu hydrosphere uye Pasi mumhepo.

Radhoni inounganidza murwizi nemvura yegungwa, mumiti uye muvhu, mune zvishandiso. Mumhepo, zvinyorwa zvayo zvinowedzera pamwe nebasa rekuputika kwepasi uye kudengenyeka kwenyika, panguva yekubudiswa kwepassphates uye basa rekusimudzira magetsi.

Nekubatsirwa kwegesi iyi, zvikanganiso zve tectonic, thorium uye uranium zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa. Inoshandiswa mune zvekurima kushandisa kudya kwechikafu. Radhoni inoshandiswa mune metallurgy, painoverenga pasi pevhu mu hydrology, mabhedheni emvura anoshandiswa mukurapa.