JavaScript, nguva mashoko mienzaniso, tarisa Regular Kuratidzwa

Kusati kwatombova mutauro hypertext, asi, kusvikira zvakava pachena kuti hatifaniri chete kutarisa, asi kuita izvozvo pasi zvimwe zvinhu, imwe nzvimbo, pasi achinja Data zvakarurama kwazvo, zvatinosiita kutsvaka uye kutsiva basa akaronga chero akaoma programmer. Gadzira ounyanzvi ounyanzvi kutsvaka mune zvirongwa nemitauro, uye Database yepamusoro muna nzira zvakabudiswa ezvinhu, akashongedzerwa pamwe mumabhatiri maitirwo ezvinhu, ude uye nedzimwe nzira kura mharidzo ndeyeukama ruzivo makwara. The pakuonekwa dzose mashoko kuti chimurenga haana kutungamirira, asi raiva anobatsira uye zvakakunakira nzira kuwana uye kutsiva ruzivo. Somuenzaniso, nguva mashoko JavaScript tsambambozha yekudyidzana nyore kunyoresa nevashanyi, regai vapinze Website kutumira mashoko chisipo kero.

Kutaura kuti JavaScript dzose okuti zviri nani zvikuru produmannnyh sequences indexOf () anodana mu chakafanana kwakajairika cyclic uye dzaishandisa, haagoni asi kutaura kuti wakaita manyorero code tsindirana, asi zvishoma inonzwisisika kuti uninitiated, anogona kuva zvisingarevi zvakawanda.

Chinhu RegExp = + template injini

Mashoko dzose - iri template + injini. Wokutanga Chokwadi nguva okuti - JavaScript chinhu - the RegExp, wechipiri - ichi template muiti, yoashandisa mutsetse. Engines kuti dzika dzose mashoko nechimwe zvirongwa mutauro wakasiyana. Uye kunyange kusiyana zvose dzinokosha, kunofanira kurangarirwa, uyewo kuva nechokwadi kuti kunyatsoongorora mari nguva dzose mashoko asati huchishanda.

A notation chairo paainyora dzose mashoko rakanyatsojeka nyore kushandisa uye kunobatsira chaizvo, asi kunoda kutarisirwa, neatness nokushivirira kubva yokuvaka. By notation nguva mashoko avaiita vanofanira vajaire. Uku hakusi kwechokwadi, ndicho pfungwa imwe nomazviri pakutevedzera «JavaScript dzose mashoko."

nguva mashoko muenzaniso

Akabvumira maviri kuita:

hadde expOne = / ABC * / Ini;

gat expTwo = RegExp ( "ABC *", "Ini");

Yemanyorero richishandiswa nzira yokutanga. Kana yechipiri, akatorwa, nekuti kushandisa chimiro '\', rinofanira vakapukunyuka ne zvavo nemitemo.

'Ini' - mureza kuzozvidzorerwa "nyaya hanya". Unogonawo kushandisa mireza 'ge - «Global Search' uye 'M' - a multi-mutsetse kutsvaka.

The chiratidzo '/' kuratidza zvakakurumbira kushandisa template.

Mavambo uye kuguma dzose okuti

The '^' inorondedzera hunhu (s) kubva izvo kutanga dzose okuti, uye '$' anosarudza iro hunhu (s) vanofanira kuva pamagumo. Haufaniri ndimboedza navo mukati mashoko, apo vane yakasiyana.

Somuenzaniso,

hadde eRegExp = RegExp itsva (cRegExp, 'Ini');

hadde cRegRes = '';

gat sTest = 'AbcZ';

kana (eRegExp.test (sTest)) {

cRegRes + = '- Yes';

} Else {

cRegRes + = '- No';

}

hadde dTestLine = document.getElementById ( 'scTestLine');

dTestLine.innerHTML = 'Chiratidzo /' + cRegExp + '/ kuti mutsara "' + sTest + '"' + cRegRes.

The chinhu 'scTestLine' zvichaguma (cRegExp shanduka ane runoenzanirana rinoreva):

mashoko / ^ AbcZ $ / nokuti tambo "abcz" - Yes

Kana kubvisa 'Ini' mureza, zvinoguma:

mashoko / ^ AbcZ $ / nokuti tambo "abcz" - No

Zviri nguva okuti

Kugara mashoko ari kutevedzana kwezviitiko vatambi, inova nyaya kutsvaka. Mashoko / qwerty / kutsvaga kupinda ndiko kutevedzana uku:

mashoko / qwerty / nokuti tambo "qwerty" - Yes

mashoko / qwerty / nokuti tambo "123qwerty456" - Yes

The '^' kuchinja mashoko:

mashoko / ^ qwerty / nokuti tambo "123qwerty456" - No

mashoko / ^ qwerty / nokuti tambo "qwerty456" - Yes

Saizvozvowo, nokuti kuguma mutsetse chiratidzo. Kugara mashoko kubvumira kusachinja-chinja, somuenzaniso, [, az], [AZ], [0-9] - zvose earufabheti muchiitiko ichi kana nenhamba. tsamba Russian ringashandiswawo, asi vanofanira kuteerera yeEncoding une hungiso (ndiko vakatsvaka kuti vaitsvaka) uye mapeji. Kazhinji tsamba Russian, uyewo anokosha vatambi, zviri nani kuti kuisa Codes.

Kana wezvamatongerwe dzose mashoko anogona zvakanyatsonanga nzira kuvapo zvimwe zviratidzo mune imwe nzvimbo, pamwe nhamba yavo vakapa sezvinotevera: '*' = 0 nokudzokorora kana kakawanda; '+' = 1 kana kupfuura dzokororo nguva; {1} ndiro, sezvo '+'; {N} = nokudzokorora chaizvo N nguva; {N,} = N nokudzokorora nguva kana kupfuura; {N, m} = Kudzokorora N kuti mamita nguva.

Kushandisa mumabhuraketi, unogona kutaridzwa mutambi wakaiswa zvaungasarudza. Zvinoita seizvi. [Abcd] = [AD] = ose mana chiratidzo: 'munhu', 'B', 'c' kana 'D'. Unogona tsanangurai zvimwe. Chero hunhu kunze kweaya raanotaura yakatarwa: [^ abcd] = chero chimiro kunze 'munhu', 'B', 'c' kana 'D'. '?' Zvinoratidza kuti panguva iyi chiratidzo havagoni kuva. '.' kutaura chero chimiro kunze inotaridza newline. Izvi '\ n', '\ R', '\ u2028' kana '\ u2029'. Mashoko okuti '\ s * | \ S' = '[\ s | \ S] *' zvinoreva kutsvaka chero hunhu, kusanganisira newlines.

Yokudzidza shanduro dzose okuti

Mashoko okuti '[\ s | \ S] *' - kutsvaga nzvimbo, kana kushaya yayo, kuti zvose zviri pamusoro mutsetse. Panyaya iyi, chiratidzo '\ s' anoratidza chinhambwe, uye '\ S' - ake asipo.

Saizvozvowo, unogona kushandisa '\ D' kutsvaka grade digits, uye '\ D' kuwana asiri Numeric hunhu. Notation '\ add', 'r' uye '\ n' dzinoenderana muchimiro-inosimbisa, ngoro kudzoka uye mutsetse-chikafu.

The Tab hunhu - '\ t', kutwasuka - '\ v'. The rokuti '\ W' anowana chero Latin arufabheti hunhu (tsamba, digits, uye chinosimbisa mark) = [A-Za-z0-9_].

The rokuti '\ W' kwakafanana [^ A-Za-z0-9_]. Izvi zvinoreva chero hunhu kuti haisi tsamba earufabheti, nhamba, kana '_'.

Search hunhu '\ 0' = kutsvaka NUL vatambi. Search '\ xHH' kana '\ uHHHH' = Search unhu remitemo kana HHHH HH azvaitwa. H - hexadecimal digit.

Recommended mashoko uye Coding nguva dzose kutaura

Chero nguva mashoko kunokosha kuti nokungwarira kuedzwa pamusoro shanduro dzakasiyana-siyana mitsara.

Nezvakaitika kune pakusika kugara okuti kukanganisa achava duku, asi zvisinei vanofanira nguva dzose kuyeuka kuti zivo yadzo mitemo yokunyora dzose mashoko haagoni kuva zvechokwadi, kunyanya apo "nguva mwaka" iri kubva mutauro mumwe.

Kusarudza pakati Classic (chaiyo chiratidzo) uye itsanangudzo shanduro nguva okuti, zviri nani kuti vanosarudza wokutanga. Pashure pezvose, vari Classics nguva dzose akaratidza zvakajeka kuti vose vaitsvaka. Kana nguva mashoko kana kutsvaka tambo vane tsamba Russian, inofanira kutungamirira chete yeEncoding zvose pemitsara uye peji iri iyo inoshanda kuwana JavaScript-bumbiro anoita nguva mashoko.

Kana pane hunhu kubudiswa, non-Latin arufabheti, zvine musoro kufunga rairatidza unhu Codes, kwete vanotaurwa pachavo.

Kana pakutevedzera kutsvaka algorithms muna JavaScript dzose okuti zvinofanira nokungwarira achiongorora. Zvinokosha zvikuru kuti kudzora unhu yeEncoding.

The muzvikomberedzo ari pamutemo mashoko

The mumabhuraketi havatsananguri nzira nokuda chiratidzo, izvo zvinofanira kuva kana kurege kuva pane imwe nzvimbo, uye kumativi - kutevedzana dzakasiyana. Asi ichi ndicho chete Kazhinji. Pairi hapana kunze, asi pane zvakawanda mafomu.

hadde cRegExp = "[, az] * (PNG | jpg | GIF).";

hadde eRegExp = RegExp itsva (cRegExp, 'Ini');

hadde cRegRes = '';

hadde sTest = 'picture.jpg';

kana (eRegExp.test (sTest)) {

cRegRes + = '- Yes';

} Else {

cRegRes + = '- No';

}

results:

/[az]*.(png|jpg|gif)/ mashoko nokuti mutsetse "picture.jpg" - Yes

/^[ad][az]*.(png|jpg|gif)/ okuti "picture.jpg" mutsetse - No

/^[ad][az]*.(png|jpg|gif)/ mashoko nokuti mutsetse "apicture.jpg" - Yes

/^[ad][az]*.(png|jpg|gif)/ okuti "apicture.jg" mutsetse - No

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose, zvino imwe asiterisiki anogona kuvapo razero nguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti "nguva mwaka" kuti kushanda dzatisingafungiri dzinenge.

Ongorora RegExp - muchizviedza Email

Nguva JavaScript okuti vakawana nzira mbiri, bvunzo uye exec, uye kunogona kushandiswa mune mitsara zvinhu (String) mu nzira dzavo (Mabasa): kutsvaka, paradzanisa, kutsiva uye mutambo.

bvunzo nzira watopiwa aratidza zvinoita kuti kutarisa Kururama dzose mashoko. Nzira Result: kwechokwadi / venhema.

Funga zvinotevera JavaScript dzose mashoko. Ongorora neindaneti kubva uwandu "akaoma, asi zvirokwazvo":

hadde eRegExp = /^(([^<>()\[\]\\.,;:\s@"]+(\.[^<>()\[\]\\.,;:\s @ "] +) *) | (". + ")) @ ((\ [[0-9] {1,3} \ [0-9] {1,3} \ [0-9] {.. . 1,3} \ [0-9] {1,3}]) | (. ([munhu-Za-Z \ -0-9] + \) + [munhu-Za-Z] {2}) ) $ /;

tambo hadde sTest ='SlavaChip@sci.by 'anopa chokwadi, ipapo tambo iyi zvakarurama e-kero. The odhita chaiitirwa ne eRegExp.test (sTest).

Zvinobatsira: Mabatirwo e-Mail

Exec nzira zvinopa goho mumitsetse, dana:

hadde aResult = eRegExp.exec (sTest);

cRegRes = '
' + aResult.length + '
';
nokuti (hadde Ini = 0; ini cRegRes + = aResult [Ini] + '
';
}

Rinopa zvinotevera mugumisiro:

9
Slava.Chip@sci.by
Slava.Chip
Slava.Chip
.Chip
Undefined
sci.by
Undefined
sci.by
Sci.

Dzimwe nzira vanoshanda saizvozvo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti aone akavabudisa pachako. Development uye kushandisa nguva dzose mashoko, zviri chinodiwa kushanda tsika, bumbiro remitemo kungatonziwo haasi nguva dzose here pano.

Popular "nguva mwaka"

JavaScript dzose mashoko rakapiwa Email kwete chete kune vakawanda nyore kusarudza. Somuenzaniso, /^[\w-\.]+@[\w-]+\.[az]{2,3}$/i. Zvisinei, musimboti ichi inorangarira kwete embodiments ose email kero chinyorwa.

Chokwadi, unofanira kuona zvakaitika navo, kuongorora sei avo wakatangwa vasati kugadzira musi JavaScript dzose mashoko avo pachavo. Asi pane zvimwe zvinetso. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti JavaScript dzose mashoko (mienzaniso kana nokukopa) anogona zvacho zvinokosha kutaurwa: '\', '/' kana prices. Izvi zvichaita kuti kukanganisa, izvo unogona kutsvaga refu.

Zvakakosha kufunga zvatinosiita "divi hwevanhu." Pashure zvinenge JavaScript dzose okuti foni, izvo zvingava mushanyi (munhu), kwakapiwa munzira dzakasiyana: 123-45-67, (29) 1234567, 80291234567 kana 375291234567. Uye zvose chete nhamba. Chiperengo akawanda mapatani haisi nguva dzose zvinogamuchirika, uye vanachandagwinyira Kuda kutamba kuti mitemo kunyora nhamba anogona kusika zvisingakoshi kusanzwa kana kurambidzwa. Option / ^ \ D [\ c \ (\) \ -] {4,14} \ D $ / I zvakakodzera Kazhinji Wakaverenga nhamba dzerunhare yenyu.

Kana uchida kuita JavaScript dzose mashoko, chete digits macheki, kunyange nyaya yakadaro nyore kunoda kunyatsotsanangura. Zvinofanira kuonekwa munhu integer kana fractional, notation chesayenzi, kana kuipa, akanaka kana akaipa nhamba. Unogonawo kufungawo kuvapo currency chiratidzo, nhamba digits mushure grade pfungwa uye weboka yose chikamu nhamba iri vanamwari vatatu vatatu.

Mashoko / ^ \ c + $ / Ini tarisa chete nhamba uye /^\d+\.\d+$/i okuti rinobvumira kushandiswa pfungwa kuratidza fractional chikamu nhamba.

In JavaScript vachiongorora dzose mashoko anogona kushandiswa anoratidza pamanyorerwo zvakaoma chiyamuro data, izvo zvinokosha, kunyanya kana kupinda Profiles, pasipoti data, uye zviri pamutemo kero t. D.

Check misi - nyore kuti zvakaoma

Chimbofunga mumwe JavaScript dzose mashoko. Mienzaniso kuti musi, kana nhamba nhamba dzorunhare dzinomirira sarudzo pakati Rigidity uye kunzwisisa. Musi chiitiko - mumwe zvinokosha data, izvo kazhinji unofanira kutarisirwa. Asi kugadzira mazano ari zvakananga pamanyorerwo: "dd-mm-yyyy 'kana' d.m.gg 'kazhinji kunotungamirira vatengi kusagutsikana. Kuchinja kubva mazano munda zuva mwedzi, azere zimbabwe HTML-chimiro, haagoni kutora nzvimbo pamunopinda chete digit rimwe, uye mazano wechipiri unogona kuva kwakaoma. Somuenzaniso, mumunda zuva wakatangwa 3 uye inotevera nhamba 2 asingadi kutsiva wokutanga, uye anonzi kwaari 32, izvo, chokwadi, achaita kuzvuzvungudza.

Kushanda uye zvivanakire dzose mashoko chezvematongerwe kuvimba mukuru pavakwe Nhaurirano mueni. Mune imwe nyaya, kuratidza musi zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa imwe chiyamuro munda chimiro, mune dzimwe nyaya zviri pakuraramisa kuminda siyana zuva, mwedzi uye gore. Asi zvino chimwe "mari bumbiro" mamwe kutarisa munogodorerei gore, nhamba mwedzi, mazuva mavari.

Search uye kutsiva, nguva mashoko ndangariro

JavaScript kutsiva (dzose mashoko) kushandisa nzira yacho String chinhu, uye hunoita kuti tikwanise kuwana kukosha uye kuzvishandura pakarepo. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti kururamisa achitaipa zvikanganiso, aongorore zviri yeminda chimiro uye nokuda rokutendeutsa mashoko kubva mharidzo format ku mumwe.

hadde cRegExp = / ([munhu-z] +) \ s ([munhu-z] +) \ s ([munhu-z] +) / Ini; // kana tichitsvaka vari vatatu 'variables'

hadde sTest = 'nyaya ino zvakanaka!';
hadde cRegRes = sTest.replace (cRegExp, "$ 2, $ 3, $ 1");

hadde dTestLine = document.getElementById ( 'scTestLine');

dTestLine.innerHTML = 'okuti' + cRegExp + 'nokuti tambo "' + sTest + '" kutendeukira:' + cRegRes;

mugumisiro:

mashoko / ([, az] +) \ s ([, az] +) \ s ([, az] +) / Ini nokuti mutsetse "nyaya ino zvakanaka!" kunze: nyaya yakanaka, ichi!

Kana achiita vaviri nomumwe muzvikomberedzo rinochengeta mugumisiro ari 'shanduka' $ N, apo N - Nhamba chikomboredzo maviri ($ 1, $ 2, ...). Kusiyana kwakajairika, pano shanduka chiverengero chiri 1, kwete 0.

General kurumbidza

Kugara mashoko nyore bumbiro remitemo, asi nguva yokukudziridza kazhinji chinoita musiyano. Unogona kutanga nyore mazano uye akabva aita kuti chokubatanidza zvakawanda dzakaoma mashoko. Unogona kushandisa siyana mabasa paIndaneti kuedza dzose mashoko kana chaiwo omunharaunda Ezvemutauro.

The yakanakisisa Ipfungwa achasika dzavo raibhurari nguva dzose mashoko nezvavakambosangana nematurusi aedze zviitiko itsva. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa kusimbisa ruzivo uye kudzidza nokukurumidza kuvaka yakavimbika uye vakasununguka nepurani.

Kushandisa Kudzokorora kutaurwa uye hungiso, kureva, anokosha vanotaurwa '*', '+' uye kufamba ndakaisa simbi mumakumbo, zvichiratidza uwandu repetitions kunofanira kutungamirirwa nenheyo nyore uye kwokugamuchirwa. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nguva dzose mashoko pakutanga basa raro, uye kuti mugumisiro zvachose musimba injini yaishandiswa Browser. Havasi mitauro vose yakaenzana JavaScript. Browser nomumwe anogona kuuya kwavo zvatinoda mune kududzirwa dzose mashoko.

Kugarisana haisi mapeji uye manyorerwo machira, kuti nguva dzose mashoko, asiwo anofanira kuita. The peji anoshandisa JavaScript, anogona kunzi zvakanaka-kushanda chete kana yakabudirira vaishanda dzakasiyana-siyana browsers.

JavaScript, String uye RegExp

By rworudyi basa panguva yeGmail.END_STRONG pamwero, ndiko kuti, muna mueni wacho Browser muna JavaScript, zvinoda unyanzvi Akakwirira yokuvaka. Long zvakakwana une mukana debug JavaScript-bumbiro Browser pachake mari kana achibatsirwa rechitatu-party Extensions bumbiro vapepeti, yakazvimirira zvirongwa.

Zvisinei, havasi vose pacho debugger anogona kubata uye kutsigira zvakanaka nokuda yokuvaka, akurumidze kukanganisa kuonekwa, wanikidza bottlenecks. Nguva apo kombiyuta yave ichiiswa pamusoro Masvomhu, iri kure kare. Zvino, mari chaiyo nzeve ruzivo uye mutsetse zvinhu vauya kuita basa rinokosha. Kuwanda simbi tambo, uye avo vechokwadi hunhu vanoratidza chete panguva uye nzvimbo yakakodzera.

Kugara mashoko kusimbisa mukana mitsetse, asi zvinoda kuzvidzora kuremekedza. Debug RegExp mubasa rake, kunyange kana zvichiita kuti vatevedzere, pfungwa kunyanya dzinonakidza.

Kunzwisisa mamiriro uye pfungwa yacho RegExp chinhu, kureva chinhu String, kuti nemarongerwo uye semantics pakati JavaScript - wechokwadi ndakachengeteka code, akatsiga nokushanda peji imwe neimwe uye nzvimbo yose.