Joseph Conrad: biography uye mabasa akanaka

Joseph Conrad - munyori weBrithani, kubva peni iyo yakabuda mabasa akadai se "Mwoyo Werima", "Dutu", "Negro neNarcissus." Achiziva kuzvichengetedza kubva mumatsika ezvinyorwa zvemazuva ake, Josefa mabasa ake akachinja zvachose chiso chemabhuku. Chirungu Konrad, Chirevo kuburikidza nekuberekwa, kunzwisiswa, kuva munhu mukuru, uye akazvitora zvakanyanya zvokuti akaidzidzisa kuvanhu vakataura kubva pakuberekwa.

Joseph Conrad: Biography

Nzira yake yehupenyu, iyo ndiyo muenzaniso wakajeka kune vamwe, Josefa haana kufunga chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Makumi makumi maviri achishanda pamakungwa makuru, kusvika pakuziva nyika dzakasiyana nemitemo, kusangana nevanhu vatsva - hausi hupenyu hwakazara nekushamisika here?

Jozef Theodor Konrad Kozhenevsky akaberekwa musi waDecember 3, 1857. Guta rekuBerdichev (Ukraine). Baba vake, mutongi wePoland, Apollo Kozienowski, akanga ari nhengo yehurumende yekudzikinura muPoland, iyo yaakasungwa nehurumende yeRussia uye yakatapwa kuVologda muna 1861. Akatumirwa kuVologda muna 1861. Mudzimai waEvelyn naJózef, uyo panguva iyoyo aiva nemakore mana, akatevera murume wake. Muna 1865, nekuda kwekurwara kwemudzimai wake, Apollo akachengetedza kuChernigov. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kuchengetedza mhuri kubva mukurashikirwa kukuru: Evelina akafa nekudya. Baba nemwanakomana vakatungamira kuLviv, ndokuzoenda Krakow. Muna 1869, baba vaJozef vakafa, vachisiya mukomana ane makore 11 ari nherera yakakomberedza. Mutero wemwana wacho wakatora babamunini vake mumwana wechizvarwa - Tadeush Bobrovsky.

Upenyu mugungwa

Pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu, aneta nehupenyu hwechikoro, Jozef akasarudza kuva mukepe. Jaya racho rakaenda kuMarseilles, kwaakaita seyaifambisi nechikepe paFrance.

Munguva yemakore ekudzungaira, Jozef akafamba mumigwagwa yakasiyana-siyana; Kunyange aifanira kutarisana nemaoko ekupinza. Akafungisisa akaparadza mari yaakawana. Kuva munhu anonyanya kufarira mutambi uye muranda mukuru, mushure mekurasikirwa kukuru kwakaedza kuzvipfura, asi haana kubudirira: bhiri racho raipfuura pedyo nemwoyo.

Kubvira muna 1878, akatamira kune zvikepe zveChirungu chete, sezvo vagari vomuRussia havana kumubvumira kufamba nechikepe pane zvikepe zvezvikepe zveFrance. Munguva iyi makore gumi nematanhatu ekufamba-famba akaziva mutauro weChirungu; Muna 1886 akagamuchira kapiteni uye hutongi hweBritain, maererano nezvakazoshandura zita rake kuna Joseph Conrad. Muna 1890 akafamba rwendo runonakidza pedyo neRwizi rweCongo. Munguva imwecheteyo, akarwara ne rheumatism uye malaria, izvo zvakamuyeuchidza nezvake kwehupenyu hwake hwose.

Kuziva naJohn Galsworthy

Makore emakwikwi aibvumira Josefa kuisa mutoro mukuru we ruzivo pamusoro pevagari vemunyika dzakasiyana. Nhau yekutanga ye munyori weChirungu yakanzi "Black Navigator", uye nheyo huru "Moyo weChiedza" yakabva pane zvinoonekwa zvekuenda kuAfrica.

Muna 1893 Kuziva kwaJoseph nemunyori John Galsworthy kwakaitika, izvo zvakawedzera kuva ushamwari hwepedyo hwepedyo. Munyori wekunyora akapa kuverengera munyori akakurumbira munyorwa webhuku "The Caprice of Olmeyer", yakabudiswa muna 1895. Zvichienderera mberi, zvinyorwa "Kutapwa", "Ishe Jim", "The Negro naNarcissa", "Nostromo" uye "Moyo weRima" vakaona chiedza.

The Best Books by Joseph Conrad

Munyaya "Ishe Jim" inoudzwa nezvechikepe "Patna", chinounza mapurgrim kuMecca. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemamiriro okunze emamiriro ekunze zvinokonzera kuti chethi inotya, pamwe chete nemubatsiri wekutanga kuna Captain Jim, anosarudza kupukunyuka chikepe ndokusiya vatasviki vasina chavanobatsira kuti vawane tsitsi dzekupedzisira. Vapilgrim vakaponeswa. Vashandi vari kumirira kutongwa. Jim, akambomira chireisheni chake, akamanikidzwa kutamira kune imwe nzvimbo iri kure yezvitsuwa zveIndonesia.

Nhau "Moyo Werima", yakanyorwa pasi pekufungidzirwa kwekugara kwemakore gumi nemana muAfrica, inotaura nezvekurwisana pakati pemasikirwo uye hupfumi. Kubva pane basa, script yemufirimu "Apocalypse Now" naFrancis Ford Coppola yakanyorwa.

Mutsva weNegro naNarcissus, Ishe Jim Joseph Conrad anotaura nezvechombo chemutengesi chinodzokera kuUnited States. The Negro James Waite, kuitira kuti arege kuita basa rekuita, achizvifananidza kurwara uye akatenda zvakanyanya muhutano hwake kuti pakuuya iye akatoerekana achirwara ndokusiya nyika chaiye.

Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwemunyori

Joseph Conrad, uyo mabhuku ake akakuratidza kufarira kwechokwadi pakati pevaverengi vakasiyana-siyana, akazozivikanwa muEurope semunyori, akagara muLondon, achisiya gungwa nekuda kwehutano, ane mhuri. Mudzimai wake aiva Jesse George. Vaviri vacho vaiva nevanakomana Boris naJohn.

Muna 1914, pamusana pekukoka kwa Yuzuf Retinger, munyori wePoland, Conrad akashanyira Poland, kwaakanetseka kuti abudise mushure mokutanga kweHondo Yenyika Yekutanga. Muna 1921, achigadzirira kunyora nhoroondo pamusoro peNapoleon "Chimiro", akashanyira Corsica, uye muna 1923 - muUnited States.

Unhu hwaJoseph Conrad

Mamiriro ezvinhu akarondedzera Conrad somunhu ane tsika dzakanaka dzomukurumbira wePoland, uyo munguva dzenguva yorugare yakanga yakafanana nemuzidzi wehupenyu hwekondo. Ari mumamiriro ezvinhu anofadza kana kutsamwa, akashandura muchitarisiko, akafanana nehondo, asi akakurumidza kunonoka ndokupinda mukati make.

Akasimudzirwa sechitubu, Joseph Conrad, mushure mekunge apedza makore anoda kusvika makumi maviri ari muchikepe, nguva dzose akaramba ari mutorwa pakati pevafambisi vechikepe. Nokudaro, musoro mukuru wemabasa ake waiva dambudziko rekusurukirwa, kuzadzika kwekusakosha kwehupenyu hwevanhu, hupombwe uye hutsinye. Akasiyanisa munyori nekusava nehanya nezvinetso, kusimba kwesimbi nekudada. Mune basa rake, Conrad akaisa nzvimbo inokosha pane zuva nezuva ye feat, iyo inhengo yehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwemasimba emabasa ake.

Joseph Conrad akafa nechirwere chemwoyo musi waAugust 3, 1924. Iye, uyo ari pachigaro chekubwinya, akakundikana kupedzisa inoverengeka "Tarisira" pamusoro pekufamba kweNapoleon kubva kuElbe. Vane masimba emabasa eKonrad, pamwe neChirungu chechiGiriki pachake, muenzaniso wakajeka wekuti munhu anofanira kubata sei mamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu kuitira kuti atange kukundwa kubva kwavari, achichengetedza chiso uye kuramba akatendeseka naye.