July 10 - Zuva rekubwinya kwemauto!

Zuva guru, risingakanganwiki rekukudzwa kwemauto riri kuuya, rakatsaurirwa kukundwa kwakasimba uye kwakakosha kwezvombo zveRussia muHondo yePoltava musi waJuly 10, 1709. Kwenguva refu yakange iri. A.S. Pushkin akazvitsaurira chimwe chezvinyorwa zvake zvakanakisisa kuhondo, izvo zvakashanduka kuchinja kwehupenyu hwose hwemangwana yenyika yedu. Kwemakore mapfumbamwe, inotyisa yeNorthern War yekutonga kweGungwa reBaltic yakaenderera mberi. Kwemakore matanhatu, paiva ne "window yeEurope" yakapera muna 1703, St. Petersburg. Iyo yakasimba pane iyo nguva munyika, hondo yaCharles XII, yakaramba yakabatwa muPoland yakakunda, yaisazoita kuti guta ribudirire paNeva: vaSwedes vakarasika Yamburg, Koporye, Tartu, naNarva mugore rino. Yakanga yakabva kune kutsamwa uye kuchida kutsiva. Uye musikana wechiRussian tsar akazoendesa mberi mauto ehondo kumunda wePoland (Rzeczpospolita), iyo danho nhanho uye yakatungamirira mukurwisana kukuru kwemaRussia, nzvimbo yakatorwa nevavengi. Ngatiyeukei kuti zvose Karelia uye nyika yeIzhorskie vagara vari veRussia. Mukuwedzera, kwaiva nekunyengera kunonyengera mu Little Russia: hetman Mazepa akaita chibvumirano namambo weSweden, achiwedzera kusimbisa hondo yaKarl neCosacks vanoda-hondo. Zvisinei, maCosas haana kunyengerwa kwenguva yakareba, achidzokera kubhaniro reRussia Tsar. Uye zvino hondo yakapera.

Mauto ehurumende yeSweden aive nezvikwata zvuru gumi nezviviri zvevatasvi vemabhiza nevane zviuru gumi nezviviri zvevatasvi vemabhiza, 41 magadzirirwo emapuranga akatendeukira kumasoja eRussia, uye zviuru zvezviuru zveCossacks zvakasara padivi raKarl zvakabatanidzwa muhondo yePoltava. Asi mumakwikwi euto reRussia mauto ehondo makumi mana (37 000 fighters), 23 700 mauto ehondo dzehondo, varume 8 000 vaCossacks vakarwa! Uye makumi mapfumbamwe mabhuni akatumira rufu kumapoka evavengi. Imwe nyanzvi yakakwanisa kuronga hondo yakanga isati yasvika kune vanhu vepanguva yake uye iyo yakapa Zuva reRussia kukudzwa kwehondo kwamuri.

Peter I, akadana Mukuru, akunda Hondo yePoltava, akaita zvose kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti Sweden yakamira kuva simba guru, ichipa kukudzwa kuRussia.

VaSweden vakatanga hondo musi wa2am. Nervous. Takasarudza kutora zvisingazivikanwi. Vakabata mabhii maviri ekutanga kubva kune gumi, apo vaRussia vakamuka ndokuvaka zvakare. Ndiyo apo kufara kwakatanga. Zuva rekubwinya kwemauto harisi kuumbwa saizvozvo, kuberekwa kwake kunodhura. Vanopfuura 9 000 vakaurawa veSweden, vanopfuura 3 000 vakatorwa. Vanhu vokuRussia vane zvishoma, asiwo zvakawanda, uye hazvina maturo zvisinganzwisisiki kuti inenge imwe nehafu yehama inorashikirwa yakarashika uye vanopfuura zviuru zvitatu vakakuvadzwa.

Pashure pokudzokorora usiku humwe huri kuedza kutarisa maitiro ose ekureba kweRussia kuitira kuti ichengetedze mauto kubva muchechi inouraya moto, pa9: 00 mangwanani, veSweden vakavaka zvakasara zvemauto avo nekuda kwekurohwa kwakasimba. VaRussia vakavakwa zvakatarisana. Rusvingo pamadziro. Chokutanga kwaiva nechirwere chepfuti, uye kurwisana nemaoko. Vanhu veSweden vakarwa hondo yavo yekupedzisira, vakasindimara uye vakasvibisa. Kunyange akatyora kuruboshwe rworuboshwe. Mambo Petro akacherechedza izvi munguva nepamusoro pehondo yeuto reNoggorod yakamhanyira kune yakaoma yehondo. Zvinokwanisika sei kuti usakunda mumamiriro akadaro? Mambo haana kungova neushingi chete, asiwo kuchenjera. Kuparadzaniswa kwekukuya, mauto ane ruzivo mauto akaita mauto mashoma. Panguva iyoyo, zvaive zvichibvira kutaurira vose vakafuridzirwa vese vasina kujaira nemavhudzi. Uye Charles XII ainyanya kunyatsoziva mhando dzejunifomu dzechipikisana. Ndaifara pandakaona vashandi vevanhu vatsva, ndakakanda vanhu mumatambudziko, uye yakanga isipo. VaSweden vakatanga kuvhundutsa nekuwedzera. Hungu, uye kernel yakabhururuka zvakananga mumotokari yeSweden mambo. Hondo yakaparadzwa, Zaporozhye Cossacks zvakare yakatengeswa - ivo vose vakadzika uye vakasara mune imwe nzvimbo isingazivikanwi. Karl, akakuvadzwa, akarayirwa kuzvikwidza pamatunhu akakwirira, hondo yakaoneka, yakaedza kuiunganidza pamwe chete. Asi zvakanga zvanyanyisa. Hondo yeSweden yakange ichishandiswa, uye muRussia rimwe zuva rekubwinya kwemauto rakaonekwa.

Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri pane nzvimbo yeHondo yePoltava, nzvimbo yekuchengetedza museum yakagadzwa. Mazuva ano ndiyo National Museum-Reserve "Field of the Battle of Poltava", mushandi wehupenyu hupenyu hwezvizvarwa. Mazuva ekubwinya kwechiuto anoitwa gore roga roga, kune vashanyi munharaunda yezvigadziro kune musamuziyamu, zvivako kuna Petro I, mauto eRussia neSweden, nzvimbo apo Petro I ndakadzika, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Mukukudzwa kweBicentenary yeHondo yePoltava, murangariro wekuyeuka wakagadzwa. Zuva reHondo yePoltava hairangarirwi kwete pazuva reKubwinya kweMasoja uye kwete muRussia chete. Mukuwedzera kune mitsetse yakaisvonaka yePushkin mune nhetembo "Poltava", pane inoverengeka inoverengeka yevasiri nyanzvi yemusangano kubva kuUkraine O. Kudrin, kunyange zvazvo nhau mubhuku rake yakaiswa nenzira imwecheteyo. Panenge panguva ino, mafirimu mazhinji akasikwa, opera Mazepa, uye neSweden heavy metal band Sabaton inoimba rwiyo pamusoro peHondo yePoltava.