Kubva kuRussia Federation: ronga muhetafabheti

Pamusoro pezvidzidzo makumi masere nemashanu, kuumbwa kweRussia kunoumbwa. Ive maRipublics anoita chikamu chechina chechiyero ichi. Vanogara vanenge makumi matatu kubva muzana yenharaunda yose yenyika. Ikoko inorarama yechitanhatu yevose vagari venyika (pasina kufunga nezveCrimea). Zvadaro, tichakurukura izwi rokuti "republic" muchidimbu. Nyaya yacho icharatidzawo mamwe maitiro ezvakaitika pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemasangano aya, urongwa hwezvikamu zviripo zvakapiwa.

Pfungwa ye "republic of Russia"

Nharaunda nenharaunda dzinoonekwa sekutungamira-nharaunda dzenyika. IRepublic inowanzonzi state maitiro. Isu tinogona kutaura kuti ivo vashoma sangano renyika riripo munharaunda imwe yehurumende. Zvose nyika dzeRussia dzinovaka sarudzo yavo pachayo. Mukuwedzera, masangano aya anokwanisa kutonga mutauro mumwe chete wehurumende nokuda kwese kuzvidzivirira. Mumazuva eSoviet Union, pfungwa yekuzvidzivirira dzezvematongerwo enyika ehurumende (yakafuridzirwa kuU.SR) yakashandiswa zvakare, iyo yainziwo zvivako zvigaro. Vakanga vane kukosha kwemaitiro enyika-nyika, asi nzvimbo dzenharaunda uye mapurovhinzi zvakanzi zvikamu zvemuganhu.

Yokutanga maitiro

IRepublic of Russia yakatanga kuumba pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, kupinduka kwakange kusina kupfuura. Izvo zvakasikwa, zvichisiya nzvimbo dzepurovhinzi nedzimwe zvikamu. Zvisinei, mberi kwekuita kwakadaro kwakatanga kusimuka kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziripo dzakasununguka. Kazhinji ivo vaifungidzirwa senharaunda dzakasiyana, asi dzimwe nguva vakaramba vari munharaunda uye nzvimbo dzemuzinda. Apo Bumbiro reMitemo rakagamuchirwa muna 1936, hurumende itsva dzakatanga kuonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Vashomanana veavo vakaonekwa vasati vazviparadzanisa zvachose kubva kuRussia, vakasara, zvakadaro, sechikamu cheU.SR.

Maitiro ayo ari mamwe emamwe masangano

Kwakanga kusina chete maRussia. Vakagadzira zvakare muhutano hwemazana akaparadzaniswa maitiro, achimiririra zviyero zvisingagoni. Semuenzaniso, zvidzidzo zvakazvimiririra - Adzharistan neAbkhazia - zvakabuda muSoviet Republic of Georgia. Uye muAzerbaijan Republic Nakhichevan yakaumbwa. Kwemakore mashanu, the Uzbek SSR yakabatanidza kugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kweTajikistan. Gare gare yakawana rusununguko rwakakwana uye yakava Tajik SSR, uye yakagumisa kushamwaridzana nehurumende yakamboshandiswa. Makore anoverengeka gare gare, Uzbekistan yakagamuchira Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic mune zvayo. Nharaunda yeUkraine yakanga isati yabatanidzwa neRepublic of Moldova, yakasara iyo mushure memakumi maviri nematanhatu emakore ekubatana, ichisiya chikamu chemasango. Ikupedzisira yakagadzirwa republic yaiva Tuva. Mushure mekuonekwa kwaro, nhamba yezvidzidzo zvekutonga hazvina kuchinja kune imwe makore makumi matatu.

Kuwedzera kumwe kubudirira

Kubva muna 1990, maRussia akatanga kutora zvakare (iyo urongwa huchapiwa pasi apa). Zvisinei, dzidzo iye zvino yakaitwa kuburikidza nekuwana humwe hutongi hwakakwana kuburikidza neveimbova hurumende uye zvikamu. Muzhizha ra1990, hurumende imwe neimwe yakagadzirisa kuzvimirira, pamwe nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzakanga dzisina hurumende. Paiva nekushandurwa kweAdygei, Khakassia, Gorno-Altai uye, zvakare, nzvimbo dze Karachaevo-Cherkessia. Ipapo Chechnya neIngushetia zvakaparadzaniswa, izvo zvakambomiririra republic united. Munguva yekutongwa kwekuwana nyaya dzekusununguka, dzakapiwa zita rekutonga. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti panguva yose, nyaya yekuwana hurumende yakakwana kuzvidzivirira uye kuparadzana kubva munzvimbo dzeRussia hazvina kutaurwa. Mushure mokuwana rusununguko, zvinhu zvitsva zvakaitwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, nyika dzisina kuumbwa dzeAdzharia neNakhichevan, iyo kwemakore akawanda yaiva nehuwandu hwezvigadziro, yakabatana nemamwe masangano. Nokudaro, vakava chikamu chezviGeorgia uye zveAzerbaijani. Abkhazia, iyo yaive yeSoviet republic, yakaronga kuramba iri chikamu chekubatana kwehurumende dzehurumende, asi Georgia haina kutsigira pfungwa iyi. Dambudziko rakafanana rakasimuka kumabanki ekumanheru eDniester, aimboonekwa sechikamu chekuzvigadzirisa kweMoldova, ndokubva asarudza kuva nharaunda yakazvimirira. Runyararo rwekugadzirisa dambudziko racho haruna kuwanikwa, saka mutsara wemabasa ehondo akatanga. Havana kubatsira Géorgia neMoldovazve kuwanazve simba, chete zvakagadzirisa kukurumidza kwekuumbwa kwezvematongerwo enyika maviri matsva - Abkhazia uye Transnistria.

Checklist

Masangano makumi maviri nemaviri anozvimirira anozivikanwa. Sezvo mutemo, zvose zvinyorwa zvakagoverwa kuRussia Federation mune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Saka, pane urongwa zvinoratidzwa:

• Republic of Adygea;
• Altai;
• Bashkortostan;
• Buryatia;
• Dagestan;
• Ingushetia;
• Kabardino-Balkaria Republic;
• Kalmkia;
• Karachay-Cherkess Republic;
• Karelia;
• Komi;
• The Republic of Crimea;
• Mari El;
• Mordovia;
• Sakha (Yakutia) ;
• North Ossetia-Alania;
• Tatarstan;
• The Republic of Tuva;
• Udmurt Republic;
• Khakassia;
• Chechen Republic;
• The Chuvash.

The Chuvash Republic

Nyaya yacho iri muVigga Valley. Paguta rakarurama kune Privolzhskaya Upland, uye kuruboshwe - nzvimbo yakadzika. Munharaunda iyi yeVolga inogamuchira zvigaro zveSura, Anish uye Tsivil. Mugore rechipiri remakore rechipiri BC, vamiririri veBalanovo neSrebrnaya nharaunda vaigara munzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika. Mazana emakore mashoma gare gare vakatsiviwa nemarudzi eGorodets. Kugadzirisa kushanda kwakatanga mumakore mazana manomwe nemazana manomwe emakore edu. Kubvira kuMuganhu weVoga weVolga panguva iyoyo marudzi eSuvar neBulgaria vakasimuka. Pakazoitika, zvakabva kumarudzi aya maChuvashes akaumbwa. Pakazosvika zana remakore rechigumi nematanhatu, Volga Bulgaria yakaumbwa. Asi nezana remakore rechi14 nyika yakange yawira pasi. Izvi zvakange zvakakonzerwa nekurwiswa kweTatar-Mongols. Saka, kwemazana emakumi emakore nyika dzakapfuurira kune vaBulgaria, zvino kune vaMongol-Tatars, vakabva vabatana neKazan Khanate (muna 1546 ndima yechaitika Chuvashia yaiva pasi pejoko). Somugumisiro, vanhu vakakumbira rubatsiro kubva kune iyo iyo kutonga Ivan iyo Inotyisa. Muzana remakore rechigumi nematanhatu reRussia vakavakunda. IChuvash Republic yakanga ine nhare dzakawanda munharaunda yayo. Pakati pavo pane, somuenzaniso, Yadrin, Tsivilsk.