Kujairika mhuka: African nzou

Elephant - zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa zvakasikwa, izvo zvakanyorwa zvakawanda mabhuku. Asi njodzi mhuka iyi saka akasuruvara kuti voruzhinji munyika dzose harimiri kuridza aramu.

Pane mhando mbiri chikuru nzou: African nzou uye Indian. Mhando chete wokutanga kurarama inopisa mumapani African, uye wechipiri unogona kuwanika chete ari Asian dzinopisa masango.

Indian nzou vanotarisira zvakafanana vazvo African. Asi kana izvi mhando mbiri akaisa parutivi, musiyano uri oneka chaizvo. Kunyanya, African Elephant Indian yakakwirira, wasvika pane kukwirira makubhiti mana, uye shure ine raiiswa chimiro sezvo anodzivisa curved kumashure Indian nzou. Asi nyore nzira okusiyanisa izvi marudzi maviri chimiro nzeve: panguva mhuka African makuru uye chimiro chayo afanane siluetti Africa uye Indian nzeve iduku, uye chimiro chavo hachisi chinhu nokuwadzana.

The African nzou anoonekwa kuva zvechokwadi mambo zvikara munyika yaakaberekerwa mapani. kurema yake iri matani mashanu nehafu paavhareji, uye vanhurume kupfuura anogona kusvika matani manomwe nehafu.

Kubereka mapfupa kuchengeta chaunga chikuru zvakadai nzou vane simba zvikuru uye rakasimba. The chokwadi mapfupa gumbo kuita mashandiro mukutsigira nembiru, musana anoshanda semabhiriji kuramba anoyevedza muviri kwakadaro. The anatomical nemamiriro nzou saka kujairika kuti dzikarongwa mune yokuzviparadzanisa mhuka - proboscidians.

Hunde - iri rakasiyana nemamwe, zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita chaizvo uye kusanduka muviri wayo kuti fused mhino uye yokumusoro muromo. Elephant kuti hunde kunombata zvokudya, zvigare, nokuputsanya bazi, dhonzai midzi, uye ipapo kutumira zvikaramba zvokudya mumuromo make.

Panoperera hunde yaiva wemhino, kuburikidza izvo mhuka inogona unganidza kusvika 14 litres mvura, ipapo muidire mumuromo mako uye nyota yavo. Vachiridza mvura, vanoumba itsime pfapfaidzo kutonhora uye muviri crow.

The hunde zvakare nzira yokukurukurirana. Elephants kwete chete kuti ruzha kwebhosvo, asi swinging hunde, kusika infrasonic mafungu, naro mashoko chinopfuudzwa pamusoro chinhambwe 10 km. Uye kana nzou unotsamwira, izvozvo anorova hunde pasi, kubudisa drumming anotyisa.

Nokuti zvose zvayo muedzo chitarisiko, mhuka idzi chete miriwo. Vari pasi maawa 16 pazuva kuti nokushingaira dzinodzeya uswa, mashizha, michero, midzi, mapazi, kuhukura. Hazvisi nyore kuti pachavo zvokudya, somunhu African nzou vakura anodya avhareji makirogiramu 400 zvinomera siyana. Panguva iyoyowo kugaya zvishoma kupfuura 40% zvokudya kudyiwa. Inwa Hofori izvi zvakawanda - kusvika 220 litres mvura pazuva.

Hope nzou maawa mashanu chete nguva usiku. Kakawanda, ivo chete chinyararire vakarara yakamira. Asi masikati, kana kupisa rinova sokusingatsungiririki, mhuka hazvo zororo.

Ganda nzou kwazvo gobvu, 3-4 cm asi kunyange iye haana kuvadzivirira kubva shingirira zuva chinogona. Naizvozvo, ivo moisturize uye dzaserera, vachitora madhaka namabhati. Elephants chips on whitekuva mumadhaka kuti kufukidza muviri wose rukoko wake. Panguva iyoyowo, nzira iyi inobatsira kubvisa iri pesky dzichiruma nezvipembenene.

nzou All mazvake mhuri mumapoka, ayo rinotungamirirwa vakwegura nzou - the matriarchs. The mhuri rinosanganisira mwanasikana, hanzvadzi uye matriarch vose vaduku, kusanganisira varume saibva. Zvino mukuru vanhurume, kubvira pamakore 15 okuberekwa, vanosarudza kuva voga, kurarama kubva "boka revakadzi".

How nzou zhinji kurarama? Paavhareji, vanorarama makore 60-70, kana kwete nokukurumidza kufa kubva aizotambudzazve pazvikara uye kubva kunze kwemutemo. On nzou kundovhima shumba kakawanda, saka kokutanga nzou kunyatsotevera vakarinda ose kunofambisa pups uye vana vose vanobatirira pasi dumbu rake, kunyange padzinenge dzichityaira.

Asi zvikara ndiwo muvengi chikuru pakati nzou. Pakati 1981 uye 1989 nhamba nzou African akaita vagovane - kubva mamiriyoni 1,2 kusvika 623 zviuru. Chikonzero ichi - iri kutyora rwokuzvarwa dzinogarisana pakati nzou: kwemiti, kurima nyika. Kudzivirira zvirimwa zvavo, varimi zvinowanzouraya chizvarwa mhenyu idzi mhuka.

Asi kunyange zvakawanda nzou vanourawa nokuda muvhimi-kunze kwemutemo. African nzou kunokwezva vanhu vanokara vawane avo chinodhura tusks, nyama uye ganda. Uye kana pamberi vanonyanyonangwa kuva madzimai vanhurume, asi ikozvino dzava kushandisa kunze kwemutemo uye vaduku vanhukadzi. Kuti tiwane tani dzenzou, zvakafanira kuparadza anenge 113 nzou. Nokuda kwaizvozvi kufa kunyange nzou makumi mashanu, izvo yakanyanya mangwanani kurasikirwa vanamai vavo vapukunyuke hwavo. kuparadzwa kwakadaro ikava njodzi nokuda Hofori rugare.

Kubvira muna 1989, kutengeswa dzenzou kunorambidzwa chose nokuti nzou vaiva Ingozi kutsakatika. Zvinotarisirwa kuti kwete chete murairo, asi voruzhinji hunotungamirira ichidonhedzera kudiwa mishonga kuti zviri kubva vakaurayiwa mhuka zvisingawanzoitiki, izvo zvichakubatsira kuponesa nzou kubva mberi pakuparadzwa.