Landfills: rezinesi uye kuvakwa

Panguva iyoyo kuRussia kune vanenge 24 000 zvinhu kuti chokuita landfill chakasimba tsvina. Zvisinei, chimwe chete chegumi vakavhura iri pamutemo, tisingatauri zvaidiwa mitemo nemirayiro yakatangwa Rosprirodnadzor. Izvi pamwe nokuda nezvinetso zvinomuka panguva kunyoresa rwakazara, magadzirirwo uye kuvaka zvivako zvakadaro. Hapana chakavanzika landfills vari zvakananga uye kumanikidza anokosha zvinodiwa pamusoro varidzi zvirimo, uyewo remediation kana kuchinjirwa kune yakasiyana chinzvimbo. Mumwe nemumwe mibvunzo iyi inofanira kuva kudzidza hwakadzama kuvandudza mikana kuzadziswa ano, njodzi uye pamutemo yakaisvonaka polygon.

Licensing pamusoro landfills

Mabasa kuunganidzwa uye tsvina iri zvachose yaidzorwa uye pasi kunyoresa. Document kubvumira mishonga zvezvipfuwo uye nemaindasitiri, ndiye rezinesi. Usati watanga revavhoti, unofanira nechokwadi kuti kambani inoita zvinodiwa kuti supervisory zviremera, izvo zvichaita uone landfill. The Rezinesi iri rakapa chete ezvinhu kuti nzvimbo inoita utsanana uye epidemiological dzemunharaunda, ndiko kushongedzera kuti zvakafanira zvokushandisa, kushumirwa tsvimbo kurovedza uye zvichingodaro. D. Mukuwedzera, wacho anofanira kupa magadzirirwo wegadziriro, iyo achaita kugadzirwa kudzora iri kurapa tsvina.

Documents nokuti kuwana rezinesi

Achida kuti vawane rezinesi kuitisa ichi mhando yebasa vanofanira kupa Rosprirodnadzor pasuru kuti zvinosanganisira zvinotevera seti magwaro:

• magwaro ane sangano repamutemo;
• mazita mabasa, iro aronga kuitwa mumunda tsvina utariri;
• zvinyorwa achisimbisa muridzi wenyika achaiswa vaipinda munyika dzine nokuda kuunganidzwa tsvina (landfills kazhinji dzinovakwa nezvivakwa anokosha, izvo kunodawo kuMudzidzisi zvinyorwa);
• uchapupu vabudirire okuguma Environmental Impact kupima;
• zvitupa nokuti tsvina utariri;
• chitupa pamuripo ehurumende basa nokuda rezinesi.

Zvinofanira rezinesi issuance

Rosprirodnadzor achaongorora mashoko uye magwaro akatumira wacho mukati 5 mazuva. Inobva pakuongororwa chisarudzo chakaitwa muchimiro nokumunyima kana ngaamuitire yacho rezinesi. Kazhinji, landfills vari marezinesi kana vakanga pakutanga inobva zvekushandisa, zvemitemo uye zvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa. Uyewo ane ukoshi zvakanaka aumba kuisa magwaro. Munguva Maitiro nokurera Rosprirodnadzor vakuru iratidzwe kukwana uye rakarurama mashoko raanotaura kushanda uye magwaro.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kuvakwa achangopfuura makore zvava dzakakurumbira anonzi kuzvipira yokudzora munharaunda (SRO), iyo anobvisa chikamu chitsva pamusika vechikamu kubva aifanira kuwana rezinesi. Murenje utariri munda, tsika iyi chete kuwedzera, asi nhengo iri SRO ino Profile zvinogona kubatsira chaizvo. Vamiririri Mapoka akadaro kwete chete vachanyoresa landfills dzavo, asi vari pamutemo, uyewo mashoko uye hwokugadzira kutsigirwa nevamwe vavo, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha mune tanga vachida kukura.

patani neeSultan

Nechekare munguva kukura chokutambudzika chirongwa inorangarira rinokosha chinangwa polygon sezvo chinhu, yakagadzirirwa kuunganidzwa uye kurasa mhuri tsvina. Kurerutsa nemigumisiro ine zvivako izvi zvakatipoteredza dzakapoterera munzvimbo, gwaro rinopa kuti anodzivirira gadziriro, yakabudikira zvipingamupinyi kuti utachiona. Kuwanikwa dzavo uye anosarudza musiyano chaiwo kwakajairika nenzvimbo dzokurasira uye landfills.

For vakabudirira neutralization of deleterious migumisiro mukushanda munhu chinhu ramangwana, magadzirirwo kunofanira kusanganisira landfills dzinotevera mabasa:

• Kukura mvura enyika kuti yakasviba nguvo. Izvi kudzivisa zvakananga kuonana pakati pasi uye landfill deposits.
• Nekutatamura uye kusaronga pamusoro polygon nzvimbo pamwe yakatenuka pamusoro nzvimbo chokubvisa pamusoro mvura.
• Kutanga kufefetedza marongedzero nokuda landfill.
• Development kudzoreka gadziriro uye leachate kuzvidzora.
• Drafting mapindu hurongwa.

Design rinoitwa maererano nenheyo kurerutsa mukana wokuti ari kwezvinhu zvipenyu uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Panguva iyoyowo anokosha panyaya kuchengeteka vari mvura miviri.

Kuvaka landfills

Events nokuti hwokugadzira Implementation of landfill muzvirongwa muzvinhu zvakawanda zvakafanana nezvaiitwa rokuvaka. zvivako kwakadaro kungasanganisira zvakafanana utilities, zvivako purazi, uye zvichingodaro. E. To musiyano iri anonzi chaizvo zvinodiwa voga uye vakasarudzwa zvokuvakisa. Uyezve, kuvaka landfill uye anotora kuvakwa utsanana zvivako pamwe protivofiltratcionnymi sefa, inova huru zvinhu chero kunzwisisa kwaiita.

Natural Geological zvipingamupinyi kupararira Zvinosvibisa mune tsika hadziwanzowaniki, saka Developers kushongedza nhovo unodzivirira inokosha pamusoro pemvura rwekuita nzvimbo. Achibatsirwa zvipingamupinyi zvakadai kurerutsa ngozi kuparadzwa inokuvadza kwezvakatipoteredza somugumisiro matambudziko vanoshorwa kwezvakatipoteredza polygons.

landfill reclamation

Kubvira landfill design, hatigoni kudzivirira kubata kwayo mupedzisire remediation. chiitiko ichi chinokosha, umo muvhu chepamusoro aimbova yemapurisa anowana zvakatipoteredza utano mamiriro.

Nokudaro landfill reclamation kunogona kuitwa maererano siyana kugadzira nzira neutralization, kusanganisira anotevera:

• Analysis kwenzvimbo uye kuona padanho ngozi yacho.
• Nokuongorora zvinoita kushandisa pane reclamation.
• Development chirongwa kurasira kwaizotevera remediation.

Zvisinei, pane mapoka anoverengeka kwesayenzi nzira kubvisa landfill. Kushandisa zvinhu kupora uye tsvina mune imwe nzvimbo yakachengeteka uye kuparadza zvakananga pamusoro yacho.