Malina: mamakisi kuSiberia. Description, kunyanya kudyara uye kugadzira

Ndiani asingadi vanorota pakatanga chirimo kuravidza anonhuwira mahabhurosi? Ndiwo inonyanya kufarirwa bheri pakati mudzidzi Chikwata. Vanogona kutaura nokusingaperi pamusoro mifananidzo, kudyara, kurima, kuravidza uye ruvara muchero. Uye sei zvinonaka uye utano jamhu ndiyo razibheri!

Chete upenyu hupfupi zvibereko: zvayo kwakajairika mhando zvibereko pakati kwezhizha, kamwe pagore - napo pamusoro siyana uye kukura munharaunda. Asi chii Fans razibheri kurarama kuSiberia uye vanoda kukura nayo bheri ichi?

Handizvo kare akanga akaberekwa ne Breeders "Siberian" razibheri - mhando kuSiberia, akanyorerwa yaikura munharaunda iyi.

General mashoko mahabhurosi

Raspberry ndiye mumiririri mhuri Rosaceae Luss - Rosaceae, genus Rubus L. uyu perennial shrub ane kupfupiswa kutenderera upenyu aboveground chirimwa zvikamu. The midzi iri chawo multiple adventitious midzi kuti anzwire kuti kudzika 40 cm.

The rhizome inomera rinopa mhando mbiri kubereka uye kutsiviwa. The pamusoro-pasi chikamu chirimwa riri kuwedzera zvinogara maviri:-gore rimwe nhungirwa vanokurira shure rokutanga gore kusvikira matsutso inotonhora Snap, mugore rechipiri vopa kukohwa, nokuomesa uye kubviswa.

Unowanikwa kuti razibheri zvibereko zvinoenderana pakakwirira uye dhayamita pamusoro yokutiza yakakwirira pakati madzinde, namatavi yakawanda muchero kuumbwa pamusoro pavo, uye saka, chikuru zvibereko. Naizvozvo, unofanira kukurumidza hanya kusika Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu kusimudzira budiriro uye kukura nhungirwa itsva.

Chii chinofanira kuva razibheri cultivar kuSiberia

Malina haadi Zvisinei zvinoda chero kunyatsotarisirwa,, kuti chirimwa ichi dziine chando, izvo zvinoderedza mukana wayo kurimwa munzvimbo dzine kudzi- utsinye. Saka, usati tora iri kurima chirimwa ichi, zvinokosha kudzidza akasiyana-siyana kuti zvakanakisisa wakanyatsokodzera kuti ivhu uye okunze ari nharaunda, izvo zvichaita kuti akura mahabhurosi. Mamakisi kuSiberia kunofanira kupfuura zvose, kutonhora nemishonga, achievers yakura pamberi kutanga kuchitonhora uye husingakwanisi tupukanana uye zvirwere.

For vakabudirira kurimwa razibheri, runodiwa vanenge 75 mazuva tembiricha Mhedziso pamusoro 10 ° C, uye tichishingaira zviratidzo zviri risiri tembiricha kubva 1600 kusvika 1800 ° C. In Western Siberia kusangana nzira kumatunhu iri kumaodzanyemba Nzvimbo mutsetse Khanty-Mansiysk, Krasnoyarsk. Muna Eastern Siberia vari munzvimbo duku iri Selenga Basin, kuti Angara uye Yenisei, uye kuFar East rakakodzera nokudyara zvinenge zvose Amur River bheseni.

Siberian razibheri

Raspberry ikasakendenga kwakakanganisa kune yakaderera chaizvo mwando mhepo Rwako: sorokaprotsentnoy pa hama mwando kuti asingasviki 40%, uye rinotanga Yaunoti "mhepo pakaoma", iyo isina kukanganiswa kunyange nokudiridza pamusoro nevhu. It zvinotisvitsa zvikuru zvinoderedza goho uye Kushatiswa michero.

Achitaura Southern Urals, Siberia uye Left Bank of Volga, munharaunda idzi yekudyidzana kukanganiswa nokutaurisa kuoma ari Continental okunze.

Breeders vave akatunhidzwa zvakananga dzakashandisa utsinye ezvinhu mahabhurosi. Mamakisi kuSiberia, zvikuru nevanhu vari kuchamhembe nharaunda, zvinotevera:

• Mba Siberian - giredhi pamwe mureza Tichitevera michero ichiibvira;
• Early inotapira - ichiibvira razibheri zvakakwana transports kuSiberia frosts;
• Barnaul - superstoyky chando giredhi;
• The mubairo - akaomarara zvemiti michero mhando;
• Gift Siberia - Middle-chando-akaomarara siyana, zvikuru husingakwanisi chirwere, dema michero.

Conditions yaikura

Vose michero chete razibheri ndiyo rinoda pamberi chiedza. Kwezvinhu kunowedzera awo kune chiedza kuvandudzika. Kuti aite izvi, ubudise kugera, normalization uye anosarudza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri rutsigiro hurongwa. Mahabhurosi mubindu akaoma kuti hwevhu uye asingauyi sei kushaya unyoro. Mukuru kukosha wanamatira sediments mumwaka mangwanani kukura.

Raspberry, govera zvakawanda akaoma kuti mwando, munguva iyoyo haashiviriri waterlogged zvikuru. mvura zvakawandisa muvhu inotungamirira kurufu nemidzi nokuda kwokushayiwa okisijeni DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA kukura matavi ari kunonoka kukwegura kuti munyama. Plants pakarepo kutura chando nemishonga uye yauinayo. Mukuwedzera, nhamba utachiona hwakakura inokura munyika nyorova pasi.

Mahabhurosi tiri zvichiwedzera kwazvo zvokuimba nziyo uye ivhu rakaorera apo inokura. Hapana kupfuura kudyara mahabhurosi ari zvishoma acidic svikiro loam pamwe abudise zvakanaka.

How kusarudza nzvimbo yokudyara

Nzvimbo, iyo vakasarudza kusarudza nokudyara mahabhurosi, vanofanira kusangana zvinotevera nzira:

1. Zvinodikanwa pedo dura yokudiridzira mudziyo gadziriro (kana vodoskvazhiny).
2. Manyowa kugutsikana, waiti kuturika rabha inofanira kuva mukati 8% muna zvakaneta acidic kana kwazvakarerekera nevhu.
3. Subsoil chinofanira zvakanaka permeable uye panguva imwe chete vlagoemok. Kuti aite izvi, unogona kuita kurima uye tichisakura miforo.
4. Padanho ivhu mvura munharaunda hakufaniri metres anopfuura rimwe nehafu kubva pasi, sezvo kubereka razibheri tigume kunyanyisa mwando, uye chitubu mafashamo - kunyanya. Nokuti pakudyara havana zvakakodzera saucers uye pamapani. Uyezve, yaivhuvhuta dzakadaro stagnate mhepo guru, iro DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA gasi kutapurirana pezvakaitwa uye inotungamirira pave notumwe uye kuoma nechando muchando.
5. A rinokosha muchinangwa munzvimbo kudzivirira mhepo ichivhuvhuta, kunyanya panguva yakawanda pakuzara mapazi zvibereko.

Zvinoumba kurimwa

Pane imwe chete nzvimbo razibheri mumakwenzi anogona richabereka parunokohwa kweinenge masere akanaka. Shure ichi anouya, sezvo vachiti, "kuneta ivhu." It runoratidzwa yokuti inotonhorera reserves vari kwezvinoshandiswa, nepo midzi iri kuchembera. Mukuwedzera, miti rinoungana dzakasiyana-siyana pathogenic tupukanana tusingaoneki, uye chiteshi razibheri.

Description kupedza dambudziko iri zvinosanganisira yakasiyana chirimwa kutenderera hurongwa:

1. Bookmark yecocoa akaita pamusoro hafu vakaronga nzvimbo. Mushure mana kana mashanu makore chakasimwa inodedera yechipiri hafu, uye wokutanga writhe.
2. Nokuti zvakakwana nzvimbo huru miti itsva gore kumbozorora. Izvi zvinoita Kuwanikwa vemazera ose uye chinoramba chijana.
3. Alternation rokusima mahabhurosi, muriwo (kunze Solanaceae) uye "mhute".

Best zvose Uchanzwa mahabhurosi pamusoro rwenze ichitaurwa zvikomo uye vanyoro neyemitenusirwa, riri kuchamhembe-kumadokero kana rwamavirazuva.

Mutarisire mizambiringa yakabva kumwe

Sezvo chirimwa mahabhurosi uye kutenga mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vake kuti, ave mutemo, panguva dzakasiyana, zvakakosha chaizvo kuchengeta chirimwa zvinhu: nayo kwenguva dropwise kana tsika pasi, vakatarira kuti mudzi hurongwa haina yaoma nokuda kwokushayiwa ivhu compaction.

Raspberry tsvimbo hadzina dzinounzwa hombe chando zvemuchadenga nhengo. Madzinde kunyanya mhando kuipa kunyange kubvisa 28 ° C. Saka, muna Siberia uye Urals, vanofanira kufukidza muchando. Kazhinji, ari Urals uye Western Siberia akotama yakakwana dzakanzi pasi pamwe seeding zvavo chando. In East ari Far uye Eastern Siberia rinounzwa vagodziputira ivhu (nenzira yemizambiringa).

Misoro dzakanzi pamakwenzi kuti mahabhurosi, sezvinoita mutemo, regai kuuya dzakazara kukohwa, asi mari iri maruva uye paumbwe itsvo muviri. Mukuwedzera, kazhinji -oma zvishoma. Nekuti anofanira kubviswa pakarepo mushure miti yakabuda kuhwanda.

Nzira gutsikana pakati pemitsara

The mwero wetting rabha ndiyo timupe wokusarudza kwacho kutarisirwa mberi nokudzoka shure, izvo zvinoda razibheri. Description ruzivo kuti kubviswa unyoro uye kuchengetedza nayo sezvinotevera:

1. The zvakawandisa mwando nzvimbo inowanzopiwa kuitwa Inter-musara grassing nzvimbo, kureva, kudyara pakati mitsara rinokosha uswa. Its papepa uremu kunowedzera kubviswa zvakawandisa mwando, uye inopa nani mvura-mhepo muoti muvhu layer apo midzi dziri. Saka, kunyange nyorova, mamiriro okunze kuchinaya pakati pemitsara hapana madhaka uye dambwadambwa.
2. Kushaya unyoro kana kunyanya kwemvura kwayo mukana mashanga mulching. Bright pevhu rukoko kazhinji ane tembiricha ane madhigirii shoma shoma pane mhepo tembiricha. Naizvozvo pashure zuva rovira, kuti mwando mudenga condenses uye unodzokera ivhu. Kureva, Yaunoti "pakaoma kudiridza" mibhedha.

Uyewo pevhu chiedza ruvara inoratidza chezuva, unovhenekera mumitsara pazasi, kuti une sei sei razibheri kukura rinobatsira - mhando mimwe nhau kuSiberia.

kudyara sangano

Akatenga pakudyara, nguva kutorwa kusagarisana mugove. Plantation rakakamurwa ubvise-mumitsara, vachiedza kuvatungamirira mhiri mawere (nokuti nzvimbo huru) uye yakafara kufamba kumuvengi mhepo. Chinhu chinodiwa kuti kuMabvazuva nyaya kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, iyo inoita dzakafanana jekeso gwenzi kumativi ose pedyo nhamba, uye izvi zvinozoita ine pesvedzero inobatsira yauinayo yavo.

Kudyara mahabhurosi kuSiberia ingava mumatsutso uye chitubu. Panguva ino, unogona kuita pasina kudiridzwa, kuti chinhu dzinongoitika unyoro.

Zvichienderana uwandu basa unogona manually basa kumhara, kana nzvimbo miti idukusa imwe hectare, kana michini, kana pamusoro.

Kana tichidyara rinoitwa manually, wokutanga pane akatevedzana vari nemhepo nembambo uye pakati tensioned waya kana tambo. Next ndiyo zvakadyarwa nemiti vari vaviri vaviri, kureva vaviri chete zvakanaka. Between matsime shure tsoka mbiri uye nyika inotevera gomba varara midzi mizambiringa yakabva kumwe muzvirevo mumwe.

Stam mhando nokuti chando nharaunda

Kazhinji, chikamu anonzi boles chokumisa kuti kunoonekwa kubva pasi kusvikira bazi rokutanga. Bole haana divi mapazi uye matavi. Panyaya michero 'Shtambovji "zita siyana zvinoreva kuti chirimwa ane simba hunde uye hakudi kuti akasungirwa, trellises kana zvitsigiso.

Tiza stam akasiyana mahabhurosi - a stocky, dhiramu pryamorosly vane nekukwirira vanenge vatanhatu mamita. Haina pamusoro wilts, gobvu huni, uye vanhu, ichi anonzi mahabhurosi razibheri muti.

Stam razibheri Siberia anomiririrwa mhando dzakadai stam-19, Fortress, Tarussa nevamwe. Vane dzakaoma uye gobvu madzinde, mumwaka wechipiri, kupa zvakawanda mapazi zvibereko pakukohwa yakawanda. Kana shtambe ichi akacheka bazi yokutsiva, kuti razibheri gwenzi ichafanana muti asingawori kunokuita kunyange kana pasi kurema chirimwa. Kana matavi izvi siya, ivo achandipfugamira pamusoro, izere michero, asi havazonwi kusvika pasi.

Mabukira kuti otplodonosivshie, akagura, sapamazuva kwakajairika mhando.

Kukura remontant mahabhurosi kuSiberia

Recent ongororo Breeders vakauya kutengesa mhando itsva, rinonzi remontant. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti remontant - zvakanakisisa mahabhurosi kuSiberia. Zvirimwa izvi anogona kubereka zvibereko mwaka vaviri, asi zvikurukuru kwaiitwa gore negore kurimwa. The goho emarudzi aya kukasapfuura fruiting yekushandisa ina kana rushanu.

Uyewo, remontant akasiyana-siyana zvikuru husingakwanisi chirwere, uye vakawanda transportable thornless.

Monogrades kurimwa inopa kuti pashure pakukohwa uye kutanga chando mukupera October otplodonosivshie Matavi dzinobviswa kana cheka kusvikira ivhu revarombo. Spring kura matavi itsva, uye ipapo muitiro inodzokororwa. Zvakakosha kudzivisa thickening landings.

Remontant akasiyana mahabhurosi kuSiberia akataura razibheri mhando Indian kwezhizha, Monomakh kwakaita Cap, Hercules, Bryansk chishamiso, dzisingambosvikiki, Mukuru, Kalashnikov uye vamwe zvishoma zvinomera nguva.

For zvakasimba kurimwa awo muchirimo mushure nyungudika pasi akafukidzwa dema butiro zvinhu, uye pashure pokumera akaisa trellis. Nekukurumidza kumuka mahabhurosi - ndicho chakavanzika kukura muchero ichi kuSiberia.

Zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira ose wepagore remontant mahabhurosi

Zvakanakira chirimwa ichi mahabhurosi zvinofanira kusanganisira:

• otplodonosivshie Kubviswa madzinde anoita kuti zvive nyore kuti kurwisa tupukanana uye nezvirwere;
• Haufaniri kufukidza nokuti chando;
• kushandiswa namakemikari riri kushoma;
• akawedzera nguva kudyiwa manyoro mahabhurosi;
• mhando hatifaniri yakasungirirwa uye midziyo trellises;
• gobvu michero hadzina kugeza kubvumira kuti nzvimbo huru, sangano michini kukohwa;
• remontant mhando zvibereko nhungirwa mashoma kuzvitsinhanisa uye matavi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kundorwa yakaturikwa asi omesa maberekero mahabhurosi.

The chikuru zvakaipira mhando izvi ndiwo mutengo akakwirira mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, nokuda kupararira matambudziko chokuita vashomanana mwana. Izvi imhaka yokuti gore negore remontant akasiyana simba rose rakapiwa kuti paumbwe mugwenzi uye zvirimwa pamusoro payo, saka kuti midzi uye zvinomera havana nguva kutanga.