Mari Bank - zvokutenga kana ehurumende anazvo mubhengi?

OJSC "Sberbank" - ndiro rakakura mari sangano kwete chete kuRussia, asiwo Kishi. It ane guru richikurukura mapazi. The chikuru basa pakagadzwa - ndiyo Urongwa zvakawanda mari uye rwezvemabhengi mabasa. Huru mukutsirani uyewo muvambi tsika zvemari ndiye Central Bank of Russian Federation. It mwene zvinopfuura hafu mugove guru uye kuvhota mugove. About 40% of migove iri vaiva mumapoka vatorwa. Purezidhendi kupfungwa, uye sachigaro Board German Gref ndohwavo.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Central "Sberbank" akatanga nhoroondo yaro muna 1841. Panguva iyoyo Kesari Nicholas 1 chirevo pamusoro paumbwe mari mabhanga. Yokutanga mari remazita wakavhurwa kare muna 1842 kuSt Petersburg. Muna 1987, yakava hwaro paumbwe Bank mari, achiposa chavagari, kusanganisira pamutemo vanhu. Nemamiriro tsika zvemari aiva mabhanga 15 vari National hunhu. Iyoyo yakanga yakaoma zvikuru zvechokwadi kuti, "Sberbank" - vezvokutengeserana kana revoruzhinji zvemari. Sezvo Muzhizha ra1990, kubudikidza hurongwa Supreme Council of Russia, "National Bank" akanga pamutemo sezvo enzvimbo Russian Federation. Pakazosvika 1990, tsika zvemari yakanga tinoshandurirwa CRA. Muna 1991, zvaigoneka kupindura mubvunzo "mari Bank" pachena - zvokutenga kana ehurumende anazvo bhengi. Mushure tsika akava enzvimbo Central Bank, yava yakagamuchira mamiriro vadyi ndiri vezvokutengeserana bhengi.

Nguva dzenhamo uye hurumende ruyamuro

The default nguva muna 1998. The sangano zvemari kuzvigona nezvinetso, kwete chete nokuwedzera mari mabasa, asi kuburikidza vatsigire hurumende. "Sberbank" vakawanda vari enzvimbo Central Bank of Russia, iro rinotsanangura kufarira wehurumende ari kushanda tsika. Zvakafanana zano yakabatsira kuwana Kutsigirana rwemari masangano uye kubva muna 2008 dambudziko gore. Saka, muna 2010, mubhengi rave Akawisira zvachose Commission chokuita mortgages, pamwe zvikwereti nevatengi uye zvikwereti motokari. Vanhu kuchanzi pamunhu prices. Izvi kunokonzera matambudziko kana kufunga mubvunzo kuti "Sberbank" - vezvokutengeserana kana ehurumende anazvo pamahombekombe, sezvo tsika inopa post-dambudziko nguva, vakawanda zvirongwa zvinobatsira.

Bank kunze Russia

Muna 2012, chikuru bhengi Russia vatowana zita mutungamiriri ari issuance kuti makadhi. Bhuku zvikwereti panguva yakanga anopfuura mabhiriyoni 150 rubles. In zvakafanana akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze kutengesa 7.6% rokutambudzikira munokosha kupfuura mabhiriyoni 5 rubles. Mhinduro yomubvunzo: "nemari Bank" - zvokutenga kana ehurumende vaiva bhengi "yacho chivako. Tsika zvemari ane subsidiaries matatu Kishi. zvemari sangano nebazi zvinobudirira uchishanda Ukraine, Kazakhstan uye Belarus. Mufananidzo ikoko uye muEurope. Izvi «Sberbank Europe AG» pamwe mahofisi muAustria, «DenizBank» kudzimbahwe Turkey uye «Sberbank Switzerland AG» pamwe pamutemo vamiririrwe Germany. Sangano kumiririrwa pane kuIndia uye China.

Mabasa pamahombekombe nhasi

Mhinduro kumubvunzo wokuti kuti "mari Bank" - ezvinhu kana mune zvokutengeserana pamahombekombe, zviri pachena. Commercial mamiriro inoremekedzwa aitungamirira chinzvimbo zvoushumiri bhuku yesangano, uyewo nhamba kuitika nhoroondo yemakambani nemakasitoma, izvo pane miriyoni. Pasinei chokwadi kuti vakawanda chiito "mari" ndezvaJehovha Central Bank, izvozvo huchiri kungobudirira somunhu rakazvimirira sangano, icho chinoita kuti tidaro 45% oga deposits ari mumhuri kumusika. Kuburikidza tsika zvemari vanobhadharwa vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 11, dzemaitirwe pamusoro pensions rinoitwa vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 12. Tsika zvemari akagadza murayiro 19.000 ATMs uye 70,000 zviteshi kuzvidzora basa munyika uye rakapa nemakadhi mamiriyoni 30. Kuwanda tsvimbo mukuru muhofisi kwenguva refu vakapfuura mufananidzo vanhu 240. Miganhu rezvebonde ane 18 zviuru dzakabatana. Kuva vachishingaira dzichiri mafomu "Sberbank Online" uye "Mobile Banking". The yeGmail.END_STRONG nehwaro kure gadziriro haana asingasviki mamiriyoni 5.4 vanozvishandisa.

kwadzo

"Mari Bank", ane maitiro zvikuru zvakawanda, anopa zvakawanda mabasa, kubvira marudzi akasiyana zvikwereti uye anopera brokerage mabasa. Pakati vatengi ari ezvokutengeserana sangano hakusi chete vanhu asiwo yemakambani vatengi, izvo zvinokonzera 1/5 yacho chikwereti Portfolio. Yesangano mari zvikoro zviri kusiyaniswa sezvinotevera: chikwereti Portfolio anopindura 71% (73% of chikwereti Portfolio - zvikwereti nawo chirevo pamusoro makambani nemasangano), kuchengetedzeka Portfolio rinotaura 14%, mari mubhangi nyaya uye bhokisi muhofisi - 5%. Munataisireva vane zvinotevera yakarongeka: pamusoro deposits evanhu chakaita kuti 46%, zviyero pamusoro nhoroondo yemakambani nemakasitoma - 23% oga mari yayo mukati 15% uye interbank zvikwereti akafukidza 11%.

Muridzi: "Sberbank kweRussia" - zvokutenga kana ehurumende anazvo mubhengi?

Vhidhiyo zvinoumba nyaya iri dzichipesana. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa zvishoma nezvishoma, "Sberbank" nehurumende kana dzokutengesa kubhengi. Achitaura mhando yebasa uye hwaro zvose zvakanyorwa pamusoro, chidziro chisingazununguki chete dzokutengesa basa. Maererano chimiro muridzi, ndiyo hurumende. Panguva iyoyo basa guru, sezvo enzvimbo Central Bank, iri yeUnited pfuma format. Commercial Bank pamwe muridzi ne ruzhinji nemauto hwenyika. Panyaya iyi mamiriro asingadi zvokufungidzira chero basa nokuda kwechikwereti ose kubhengi uye pamahombekombe ehurumende chikwereti. Chokwadi kuti tsika zvemari iri semhosva paruzhinji makambani, anoti ayo zvokutengeserana marongerwo. Maererano kunyoresa nhamba zvebhizimisi, ndeye muchikwata zvakavhenganiswa Russian pfuma ine chikamu batana pfuma.