Mathematics muzvisikwa: mienzaniso

Dzimwe nguva zvinoratidzika kuti nyika yedu iri nyore uye inonzwisisika. Ichokwadi, ichi chakavanzika chikuru chezvose zvakasikwa pasi rakakwana. Kana kuti zvimwe zvakasikwa nomumwe munhu uyo zvichida anoziva zvaari kuita? Mafungiro makuru pane nguva yedu ari kushanda mubvunzo uyu.

Nguva imwe neimwe pavanouya kumhedziso kuti hazvibviri kuumba zvose zvatiinazvo, pasina pfungwa huru. Icho chinoshamisa, chakaoma uye panguva imwe chete chiri nyore uye chinotungamirira pasi redu pasi! Nyika yakapoteredza inoshamisa nemitemo yayo, mavara, mavara.

Mitemo yezvakasikwa

Chinhu chekutanga iwe unogona kubhadhara kune nyika yedu huru uye inoshamisa ndeye axial kuenzanisa. Inowanikwa mumhando dzose dzepasi rakapoteredza, uye iriwo nheyo inokosha yekunaka, maonero uye kuenzana. Ichi hachisi chinhu chinopfuura mathematics muzvisikwa.

Izwi re "kuenzanisa" rinoreva kubatana, kururamisa. Ichi chivako chezvakapoteredza, zvigadziriswe zvinyorwa uye zvichizvishandura zvive zvese. Kunyange muGreece yekare, vakatanga kutarisa kwenguva yekutanga zviratidzo zvemurairo uyu. Semuenzaniso, Plato aidavira kuti kunaka kunowanikwa chete nekuda kwekuenzanisa uye kuenzana. Zvechokwadi, kana tikatarisa zvinhu zvakaenzana, zvakarurama uye zvakakwana, mamiriro edu emukati achava akanaka.

Mitemo yemasvomhu muhupenyu uye husina upenyu

Ngatitarisei pane zvisikwa zvose, somuenzaniso, munhu akakwana. Tichaona chimiro chemuviri, chinotarisa zvakafanana kumativi ose maviri. Iwe unogonawo kunyora mazamu akawanda, zvakadai sezvipembenene, mhuka, upenyu hwegungwa, shiri. Mhando imwe neimwe ine mavara ayo.

Kana pane chero chimiro kana mufambiro, inozivikanwa kuti inoratidzira mutsara wepakati. Zvose zvipenyu zvakasikwa nekuda kwemitemo yezvose. Maitiro akadaro emasvomhu anowanikwawo muhupenyu husina upenyu.

Kana iwe ukanyatsocherechedza zviitiko zvose zvakadai sedutu-dutu, rainbow, miti, mazaya echando, iwe unogona kuwana mavari akawanda akafanana. Ichitaura kune zvakasanganiswa zvekuenzanisa, mashizha emuti akaparadzaniswa hafu, uye chikamu chimwe nechimwe chichava chiratidzo chepakutanga.

Kunyange kana tikatora semuenzaniso dutu rinosimuka rakatarisa uye rinoratidzika semhuni, rinogonawo kugoverwa kuva maviri zvakakwana zvakafanana. Iwe unogona kusangana nechiitiko chekuenzanisa mukati mekushandurwa kwemasikati neusiku, nguva dzegore. Mitemo yepasi rakapoteredza inyanzvi yemasvomhu mumasikirwo, ayo ane hurongwa hwakakwana. Inobva pane imwe pfungwa yekusika zvinhu zvose.

Rainbow

Isu hatiwanzofunga pamusoro pezvakaitika zvezvisikwa. Kwaiva kuchando kana kunaya, zuva rakabuda kana kutinhira kwakarova - iyo nguva yakazara yekuchinja kwehupenyu. Funga nezvema-arc-colored arc, iyo inowanzowanika mushure mekudonha. Muraravhe uri kudenga ndeyechiitiko chinoshamisa chechisikwa, pamwe chete nemitambo yemarudzi ose anoonekwa neziso revanhu chete. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekufamba kwezuva masikati kuburikidza negore rinobuda. Imwe mvura inonaya inoshanda seganda rine maziso. Iwe unogona kutaura kuti dhepa ripi neruzhinji rwonzi.

Achipfuura nomuganhu wemvura, mairi anoshandura ruvara rwepakutanga. Nzira dzose dzechiedza dzine imwe urefu uye mumvuri. Nokudaro, ziso redu rinonzwisisa muraravheti wezvakawanda zvakadaro. Regai tione chokwadi chinonakidza chokuti izvi zvinogona kungoonekwa chete nemunhu. Nokuti inongova kunyengera.

Mhando dzehutaundi

1. Muraraungu, wakaumbwa kubva kune zuva, unowanzoitika kakawanda. Ndicho chakajeka pane zvemarudzi ose. Inoumbwa nemanomwe manomwe mavara-mavara: ruvara rwekundu, ruvara, ruvara, ruvara rwebhuruu, bhuruu, violet. Asi kana iwe ukatarisa zvakadzama, mithunzi yacho yakakura kudarika meso edu anogona kuona.
2. Muraravungu wakagadzirwa nemwedzi unoitika murima. Zvinotendwa kuti zvinogona kuonekwa nguva dzose. Asi, sezvinoratidzira zvinoratidzira, zvinowanzoitika izvi zvinongoratidzwa mumvura chete kana pedyo nemvura zhinji. Mavara emwedzi woukomba hwomwedzi yakawanda kwazvo. Izvo zvinotarisirwa kuonekwa sega chete nekubatsirwa nemidziyo chaiyo. Asi kunyange naiye, maziso edu anogona kungoita mutsvuku wemuchena.
3. Muraravhe, uyo wakaonekwa nekuda kwebhuni, wakafanana nehupamhi, shining light arch. Dzimwe nguva chimiro ichi chakavhiringidzika nechakapfuura. Pamusoro, ruvara runogona kuva ruvara rwemaruva, kubva pasi-rine mumvuri wepepuru. Mazuva ezuva, achipfuura nemumhuni, anoumba chiitiko chakanaka chezvisikwa.
4. Muraravhiri unovhenekera uri mudenga hauna chakanaka zvikuru. Hazvina kufanana nemhuka yapfuura nemusana wayo wakakwana. Zvinokwanisika kuona ichi chiitiko chete pamusoro pemakore e cirrus. Ivo, sekutonga, vanowedzera pakakwirira kwemakiromita 8-10. Nzvimbo iyo muraraungu unozviratidza nayo mukubwinya kwayo kose, inofanira kuva inopfuura 58 degrees. Mavara anowanzoramba akafanana neanenge ari murarairi.

The Golden Ratio (1,618)

Kurongeka kwehutano kunowanzowanikwa mumhuka. Izvo zvakapiwa chikamu chakaenzana nemudziyo wehuwandu hwehuwandu hwePHI kusvika kune imwe. Ichi chiyero chibatanidzwa chezvipfuwo zvose panyika. Pfungwa huru dzekare dzakadanwa iyi nhamba chiyero chaMwari. Inogonawo kunzi chikamu chendarama.

Mutemo uyu unopindirana zvakakwana nekuwirirana kwemaitiro evanhu. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukasarudza kureba pakati peziso nemashizha, zvino zvichave zvakaenzana nekugara kwaMwari.

Chikamu chegoridhe muenzaniso wekukosha kwemasvomhu mumasikirwo, murairo wekutanga wakateverwa nevakagadziri, vanyori, vashanduri, vadziki vezvinhu zvakanaka uye zvakakwana. Vanosika nekubatsirwa kwezvisikwa zvinogara kuna Mwari zvisikwa zvavo, izvo zvinokwana, kubatana uye zvinonakidza kutarisa. Mifungo yedu inokwanisa kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakanakisa izvo zvinhu, zvinhu, zviitiko, uko kune kuenzana kusina kufanana kwezvikamu. Uropi hwedu hunoti kuenzana kwehutano hwegoridhe.

DNA Spiral

Sezvo musayendisiti weGermany Hugo Weil akanyatsocherechedza, midzi yekuenzanisa yakauya kuburikidza nemasvomhu. Vakawanda vakaona kukwana kwezvikwangwani zvejemiometri uye vakanyatsoteerera. Semuenzaniso, nyuchi dzeuchi - izvi hazvina kufanana nehekonikoni, yakasikwa nemasikirwo pachayo. Iwe unogona zvakare kubhadhara maziso emiti inonzi spruce, iyo ine chinyorwa chechimiro. Uyewo mumhepo inopoteredza mhepo inowanzowanikwa: nyanga dzemhuka dzakakura uye duku, mahombekombe emakungu, DNA molecules.

DNA spiral inosikwa maererano nemitemo yegorosi yendarama. Iko kubatana pakati pechirongwa chemuviri wenyama uye chimiro chaicho chaicho. Uye kana ukatarisa uropi, hachisi chinhu chinopfuura mutungamiriri pakati pemuviri nepfungwa. Njere inobatanidza hupenyu uye maitiro ekuratidzwa kwahwo uye inobvumira hupenyu, hwakavharidzirwa muchimiro, kuzviziva pachako. Nekubatsira kwevanhu ava zvinokwanisika kunzwisisa nyika yakapoteredza, kutsvaga mukati mayo kwemaitiro ayo zvino anoshandiswa pakudzidza kwenyika yapakati.

Kurura muzvisikwa

Mitosis masero ane zvikamu zvina:

• Prophase . Inowedzera chinangwa. Kune ma chromosomes anotanga kushandura mukati memhepo uye kuchinja kuva maitiro avo. Nzvimbo inoumbwa kuitira sekuparadzanisa. Pakuguma kwechikamu chacho, nheyo uye membrane yayo inopera, uye ma kromosomu anopinda mukati me cytoplasm. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakareba kudarika.
• Metaphase . Pano, kushandiswa kwemakromosomes kunoguma, vanoumba ndiro ye metaphase. Chromatides iri pakatarisana nemumwe, kugadzirira kupatsana. Pakati pavo pane nzvimbo yekusunungura - tsvina. Izvi zvinogumisa chikamu chechipiri.

• Anaphase . Chromatides dzinosiyana nenzira dzakasiyana. Ikozvino muchitokisi pane maviri eema chromosomes nekuda kwekugoverana kwavo. Iyi danho rakapfupika.
• The telophase . Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chesekeri nucleus inoumbwa, mukati umo iyo nucleolus inoumba. Iko cytoplasm inosunungura zvachose. Iyo tsvina inopera zvishoma nezvishoma.

Meaning of mitosis

Nemhaka yenzira yakasiyana yekuparadzanisa, sero rimwe nerimwe rinotevera kubereka rine mhando imwechete yegadziri seamai vayo. Kuumbwa kwemakromosomes, ose masero anowana zvakafanana. Pano paiva nesayenzi yakafanana nejometri. Kufambira mberi mumatemosis kunokosha, nokuti nemutemo uyu masero ose anowedzera.

Kupi kuchinja kunobva kune?

Izvi zvinoshanda sechinhu chekugadzirisa kwekugara kwema chromosomes uye zviwanikwa zvemajini mune imwe sero. Pamusana mitosis, mhuka inokura, inobereka, inovandudza. Muchiitiko chekutyora kwemajeri ekuparadzanisa nekuda kwechiito cheimwe chepfu, ma chromosomes haagoni kupararira muhafu yavo, kana kuti vangave vasina kukanganisa muurongwa. Izvi zvichava chiratidzo chinoratidza chekutanga kuchinja.

Summing up

Ndezvipi zvinowanikwa mumathematics uye zvakasikwa? Pamubvunzo uyu uchawana mhinduro munyaya yedu. Uye kana iwe ukachera zvakadzika, iwe unofanirwa kutaura izvozvo kuburikidza nekudzidza kwepasi rakapoteredza, munhu anozvidzidza pachake. Pasina Supreme Intelligence, iyo yakabereka hupenyu hwose, pangava pasina. Zvisikwa zvinongobatanidzwa chete, mumutsananguro wakaoma wemitemo yayo. Zvinogona here kuti zvose izvi pasina chikonzero?

Tinodzokorora mashoko easayendisiti, mafilosofi, nyamadzi uye nyanzvi Henri Poincaré, uyo, asina mumwe munhu, achakwanisa kupindura mubvunzo wekuti mathematics zvechokwadi anonyanya kukosha. Vamwe venyama vanogona kunge vasingadi nharo dzakadaro, asi hazvikwanisi kukwanisa kuzviramba. Poincaré inotaura kuti kubatana uko pfungwa dzevanhu dzinoda kuwanikwa muzvisikwa hazvikwanise kuvapo kunze kwayo. Chinangwa chaicho, chiripo mupfungwa dzevanhu vashomanana, chinogona kusvika kune vose vanhu. Kubatana kunounza pamwe basa rekufunga kunonzi kubatana kwenyika. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, munzira inoenda kune yakadaro, kwakave nekufambira mberi kukuru, asi ivo vaduku zvikuru. Izvi zvinobatanidza zvinhu zvose uye munhu wacho anofanira kuva anokosha kune chero pfungwa dzomunhu dzinofungisisa izvi.