Meaning zvipenyu mune zvokurapa. Communication bhayoroji nemushonga

Medicine of XXI remakore ari zvinenge zvachose kwakavakirwa nebudiriro zvipenyu. A boka remasayendisiti vari mubasa matavi zvesayenzi akaita genetics, makemikari ezvinhu zvipenyu, immunology, hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu zvakadaro, zvikaita kuti pave nzira ano kudzora chirwere. Izvi anosimbisa kubatana zvipenyu uye mishonga.

Biology wakakurira hombe basa kukura mushonga

Modern utachiona zvakawanwa kubvumira vanhu kuti vaende pamwero mutsva kukura zvokurapa. Somuenzaniso, masayendisiti Japanese vakakwanisa patsanura uye kuparadzira muropa kunokonzerwa masero zvinobva munyama ari munhuwo avhareji murume. Zvakawanikwa kwakadaro kunogona zvirokwazvo kukanganisa ramangwana zvokurapa.

Experimental zvipenyu uye mushonga zvine chokuita. Pakati pamatavi zvipenyu, zviri kwete genetics, makemikari ezvinhu zvipenyu uye hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu, asiwo kuti dzinokosha dzakadaro se bhotani, chirimwa physiology, zvemhuka uye, chokwadi, anatomi uye physiology. In-udzamu zvidzidzo itsva mhando nemhuka zvinogona kupa zvakasimbisa kuwanikwa hakukuvadzi, zvakasikwa nzira kurwisa chirwere. Zvakawanikwa mumunda yakaitwa uye physiology kungaita kuti Qualitative kuvandudzika pamusoro kurapwa kwacho, kana kuti vapore kushandiswa.

matambudziko dzokurapa

The ano pamwero mushonga Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo izvo aivapo makore 20-30 apfuura. It kwakaderedza nhamba mwana vanofa, vakawedzera upenyu anotarisirwa nguva. Kunyange nhasi, vamwe mibvunzo haagoni kugadziriswa kunyange vanachiremba yakanakisisa.

Zvichida huru dambudziko mishonga yemazuva ano mari. Kuwanikwa zvinodhaka itsva, kusikwa prostheses, kukura nhengo uye nyama - zvose zvinoda tarenda mari. dambudziko iri kunorevawo kuti varwere pachavo. kuvhiya Most kunzwisisa zvinoda wemuno nemari, uye zvimwe zvinodhaka kutora rinenge rose pamwedzi muhoro. Makuriro biology uye zvakawanwa akawanda cheminda ayo kungaita kuti Qualitative achikwakuka mune zvokurapa, iyo ichava isingadhuri, asi panguva imwe chete akakwana.

Chinokosha Medicine uye Biology

Meaning of zvipenyu mushonga haagoni rudo vanokosha: nyore akavhiyiwa zvinoda unyanzvi mukuru hunobatsira anatomi. Zivai mamiriro dzevanhu, kushanda nhengo, iyo nzvimbo nomumwe mudziyo uye tsinga - izvi zvose zviri chinokosha kudzidziswa muna yunivhesiti mishonga ipi.

Surgery - ichi inongova imwe nharaunda zvokurapa ano. Nemhaka zvakawanda zvakawanwa vari zvipenyu, munhu anogona kuwana unyanzvi hwakasiyana uye nyanzvi dzezvokurapa. Chiremba kushandisa ichangobva midziyo anokwanisa kuitisa mukuru-pamwero kushandiswa, kusanganisira transplantation zvomukati uye munyama. Nechekare muna 2009 yokutanga kuvhiyiwa kwakaitwa mwoyo nokuisazve uye itsvo. izvi zvose zvakaitwa kuvhura zvipenyu, saka basa zvipenyu mukurapa hahurambiki.

Dzinza rako mu Medicine

Zvikuru muna zvipenyu uye mushonga chokuita kudzidza dzevanhu enhaka zvirwere. By kudzidza kutapurirana majini kubva kuzvizvarwa nezvizvarwa, masayendisiti vakakwanisa kuziva zvinoverengeka nemagene zvirwere. Izvi ndiyewo ngozi vavo Cindy syndrome, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia.

Nhasi zvinobvira kufanotaura panowanikwa masero zvirwere zviri mwana. Kana mumwe nomudzimai achida kuongorora kana zvichibvira chidzoke zvirwere zvakadai muvana vavo, vanogona kushandisa kuti makiriniki enyanzvi. Pane kuongorora dzemadzinza muti vabereki, vanogona ngaaverenge chikamu panowanikwa abnormalities ari mwana.

The sequencing womunhu genome

Verenga vanhu genome - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mabasa zvipenyu ano. Rakanga kugadziriswa 2008, asi ehupfumi ari genome havasi kunzwisisa chose. Zvinofungirwa kuti mune ramangwana zvichiita kuti chinja kuti kwokurapa munhu nomunhu mumwe pasipoti womunhu genome. Nei zvichikosha kuti tizive majini kutevedzana?

munhu wese - Munhu muviri. A mushonga kuti anogona kurapa zvirwere mumwe munhu, anogona kukonzera marwadzo mune imwe. Nhasi, vanachiremba havagoni zvakarurama kufungidzira kana kuchava zvakaipa kana apindwa imwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kana genome mumwe munhu zvakazara decipher, yawapiwa anosarudzwa kuti mumwe murwere nomumwe. Izvi zvichaita kwete chete tiwedzere yokurapa, asi kunobatsirawo kuti vadzivise migumisiro inokonzerwa zvinodhaka.

Sequencing ari genome mabhakitiriya, nemhuka kare zvibereko nhasi. Modern zvipenyu vanokwanisa kushandisa majini mamwe zvipenyu nokuda kwezvinangwa zvavo. Pano basa zvipenyu mukurapa nokuti kuti zvinobatsira majini evanhu kungabatsira mukurapa zvirwere zvakawanda. Saka, mabhakitiriya kuti synthesize wechisikigo jekiseni haisi yokunyepera. Uyezve, kugadzirwa jekiseni rinoitwa pasi muindasitiri pamwero chaihwo zvigayo, kunyanya apo utachiona vari cultured, uye utachiona dzavo anoshandiswa kubudisa achida kemikari. Somugumisiro, mumwe munhu ari kurwara cheshuga, chinogona kuramba zvakajairika basa.

Hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu - remangwana mushonga

Hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu - ari muduku uye asi rimwe matavi inokosha zvipenyu. Panguva ino padariro kukura mushonga akavhura nzira dzakawanda kurwisa chirwere. Pakati pavo - nemishonga, zvinodhaka dzemhuka uye miriwo mavambo, makemikari, yokudzivirira. Zvisinei, pane dambudziko apo pamusoro nguva kubudirira nemimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye mishonga ungaderedza. Izvi imhaka yokuti Micro-zvinenge, kunyanya utachiona uye mavhairasi nguva dzose mutate, achichinja kuita nzira itsva rokurwisa zvinodhaka.

munguva yemberi, hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu kuchabatsira mamiriro ezvinhu, asika marudzi itsva mishonga. Somuenzaniso, zvichiita kuti vaite imwe conformational Kuchinja penicillin Morekuru, somugumisiro tinowana mumwe zvinhu pamwe chete ehupfumi.

Bundu chirwere - ane dambudziko chakasimba mishonga ano. Pakurwisa masero kenza ndicho chinangwa rinokosha nokuda masayendisiti munyika yose. Mazuvano pane avo zvinhu izvo vanokwanisa kudzvanyirira bundu kukura. Izvi zvinosanganisira bleomycin uye anthracyclines. Zvisinei, chikuru dambudziko riri pakuti kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kwakadaro kungaita kuti aparadza uye kumisa mwoyo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti shanduko iri maumbirwo anthracycline uye bleomycin kubvisa pasingadiwi migumisiro pamusoro womunhu. Izvi chete anosimbisa kukosha zvipenyu mune zvokurapa.

Kushandiswa hunde masero

Nhasi, masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti hunde masero - inzira youth husingaperi. Izvi imhaka yavo chaiyo ehupfumi.

Hunde masero vanokwanisa differentiating kupinda chero zvachose masero uye munyama. Vanogona kuti pave nemasero ropa, masero etsinga, mapfupa uye tsandanyama masero. Muviri womunhu ine zvachose kuti hunde masero, iro rinotsanangura kudiwa kugara kupesana uye kuvaka hurongwa zvomukati uye munyama. With zera, nhamba hunde masero ari mumuviri womunhu ipfupi, inova imwe zvinokonzera kukwegura.

pane chinetso kurambwa masero yokumwe pamuviri nhengo uye tishu transplantation. dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kurufu. Kuti tidzivise mamiriro ezvinhu aya, masayendisiti vakaedza kukura nhengo kubva hunde masero. nzira kwakadaro dzakazonaka rakakura tarisiro nokuda nokuisazve, t. To. Zviremera synthesized kubva masero zvomurwere haangaiti nekurambwa muviri wake.

Biology nokuti Medicine

Quality kurapwa kwezvirwere anoenderana mberi mune zvipenyu. Zvikuru muna zvipenyu uye mushonga nokuti kuti ano matavi sayenzi zvainanga kuvandudza nzira rokurwisa zvirwere zvevanhu. Munguva pfupi vanhu ramangwana vachakwanisa wokugadzirisa kenza, AIDS, chirwere cheshuga. Genetic zvirwere richava circumvent kuchangotanga, asi kusikwa yakanaka murume vachatitaka kuvazve yokunyepera.