Mechanical miviri mupfungwa - Tsanangudzo uye nzira Properties nezvishoma

In zvakaitwa nezvishoma nedzimwe zvezvakatipoteredza zvinhu, kuchinja angamuka - zvose nechinzwano zvekunze. Mumwe muenzaniso uri tisawirirane dzinowanika mumuviri menyika. It anosarudza mwero zvichiita kuchinja nyaya kukuvara.

Basic pfungwa wefizikisi

Zvokuimba kushushikana - chiyero nesimba womukati pamusoro chinhu, kunoitika pasi pokudzora siyana zvinokonzera. Somuenzaniso, apo munhu deformation umo kwokunze masimba vari kuedza kuchinja hama nzvimbo nezvimedu, uye dzimwe - kuvhiringidza muitiro uyu, vakaomerwa kuti chero chipi zvacho ukoshi. Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti zvokuimba kunetseka - iri zvakananga mugumisiro kunetseka pamusoro muviri.

nezvemarudzi maviri chikuru mwoyo vangazivikanwa:

1. Normal - rinoshandisirwa chikwata nzvimbo muchinjikwa chikamu chakaipa kwaari.
2. Tangent - rinoshandisirwa ikanyanya chikamu ari tangent pairi.

The raora pamusoro kunetseka izvi maererano imwe nguva, yainzi kunetseka wehurumende panguva ino.

Akayera mu pascals (Pa) kugozha: kukarukureta payakavakirwa anomiririrwa pazasi

Q = F / S,

Where Q -Mechanical mupfungwa (Pa), F - simba kunotangira ari deformation mukati muviri (H), S - nharaunda (mm).

Properties nezvishoma

Nezvishoma, sezvinoita vamwe vose, ine maatomu, asi vane mamiriro simba chaizvo izvo kashoma kaviri deformation, i.e. Vhoriyamu uye chimiro kuramba kugara. zvinhu zvakadaro vane uwandu yakasiyana zvivako kuti inogona rakakamurwa mapoka makuru maviri:

1. Mumuviri.
2. Chemical.

Nokuti vanhu zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Mechanical - kudzidza pamwechete unoenderana migumisiro iri muviri. kushinga zvinogona kunzi ehupfumi izvi, kuti fragility, simba, kureva, zvose zvine chokuita nemano kudzivisa deformation kunokonzerwa nezvinenge zvaitika.
2. Kupisa - kudzidza kukanganiswa siyana tembiricha iri chinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuwedzera pamusoro kudziyisa, chafariz conductivity, kupisa vanokwanisa.
3. Electrical - ehupfumi izvi chokuita Erekitironi inofamba mukati mumuviri uye kukwanisa wayo kuungana ive akarayira rukova kana pasi zvinoonekwa nevanhu. Muenzaniso - yemagetsi conductivity.
4. Optical - vakadzidza kushandisa chiedza fluxes. ehupfumi izvi zvinosanganisira chiedza yokufungisisa, Absorção de Água kuti chiedza diffraction.
5. Magnetic - tsunga nokuvapo kwezvinhu rinobva nguva mune yakasimba zvinoriumba muviri. Kwavari, uyewo zvemagetsi uye kupindura zvakaipa mhosva nezvimedu nokuda kwayo marongerwo uye mamwe masangano.

The kwemakemikari ehupfumi zvinosanganisira zvose chokuita kumashoko pave zvakakodzera zvinhu uye pezvakaitwa kuitika panguva ino. Muenzaniso - oxidation kudzikisirana. Mamiriro ari sekristaro yekamuri rinorondedzerawo kune izvi chinhu ehupfumi.

Zvinogonekawo kuti govera boka duku physicochemical zvivako. Izvi zvinosanganisira vaya zvinozarurwa zvose zvemaziso uye makemikari chokupfeka. Muenzaniso - combustion, umo kuchinja kuitika zvainyanya maviri pamusoro.