Miracles wemamonk. Chudov yemamongi muna Kremlin: nhoroondo

Vakawanda vevaya dzave rwavakaita muna Kremlin, zvichida, kwete kuti nhasi ari nzvimbo rinokosha aigona kutarira zvakasiyana zvachose. Chokwadi ndechokuti munzvimbo iyi dzimwe temberi huru uye machechi zvakaparadzwa, kusanganisira Voznesensky uye Chudov wemamonk, ari Cathedral yeMuponesi musi Bor uye dzimwe nhoroondo sezvivako.

Nhoroondo yekereke

Chudov yemamongi muna Kremlin akatanga kuvaka Metropolitan pamusoro Moskovskiy Aleksy. Nokuti akasarudzwa nzvimbo dare yaimbova Khan wacho. Nepo vamiriri vaigara ikoko. Vakasvika Moscow muripo. Iyi nzvimbo yakapiwa kutenda chii Alexis akaporeswa kubva upofu mudzimai Janibek - Taydulu. Metropolitan pachake akaenda Horde kubatsira mukadzi murombo.

Pakutanga, chechi yakavakirwa Arhistratiga Mihaila. It rakaumbwa muna 1365. Uyu mumwe mukuru kereke muMoscow.

Miracles wemamongi akazozivikanwa sezvo Lavra Great (pakutanga pamusoro XVII remakore), apo Patriarch Filaret.

Muna 1771 muMoscow dzakatanga vaingoerekana dambudziko bongozozo, umo wemamongi akanga dzichapambwa tsitsi vagari.

Panguva Russian-French Hondo 1812 Chudov yemamongi, mapikicha paunogona kuona munyaya ino, akanga maigara French. Pano aiva dzimbahwe hondo Napoleon. Aritari wemamongi rakanga undeveloped kwoumbozha yokurara kuti Marshal Davoust. Temberi akavigwa yaro muvambi - Metropolitan seizvi Alexy. zvinoera ake akanga achichengetwa Cathedral kusvikira 1686. Vakazosunungurwa hwakatamisirwa Church Mutsvene Metropolitan seizvi Alexy.

Vakavakazve temberi muna 1814. A mupiro chaiwo ichi akaita mapurani M. Bykovsky. Nemhaka yake kuita ari Church mukereke wemamongi akazviratidza dzendarira iconostasis makuru youmambo masuo zvakagadzirwa nesirivha.

Basa wemamongi munhoroondo Russian

Chudov yemamongi muna Kremlin kwemakore akawanda akaita basa rinokosha munhau yeRussia. Muna ra1382 mauto ake ndikaiparadza Tokhtamysh. Muna 1441 ndipo Akabviswa nokuda Moscow Metropolitan Isidore, akanga achangobva achibva Florence Cathedral. Vamiririri echechi yeRussian Orthodox inotungamirirwa Isidore dzakasaina chibvumirano pamusoro pakatanga mubatanidzwa kuRussia. MuMoscow, nechisarudzo hatina kubvumirana. Isidore Akabviswa uye mujeri yemamongi.

Muna 1504, munyika Chudov Monastery akanga mujeri kunoshamisa murwi pamusoro pedzidziso - Novgorod Metropolitan Gerontius. The zvinoitirwa yakavatevera uye mukuru Bassion. Muna 1610 chevaux Vasily IV Akabviswa, uye kumonasitiri akanga nechisimba tonsured sezvo mumongi. Uye wemamongi muchitokisi nenzara makore maviri gare gare Patriarch naHerimogene. Tinogona chete zvokufungidzira sei kutambura wakaona Miracles wemamonk. Munyengetero Arhangelu Mihailu kazhinji kuziviswa pasi namaberere aro.

Basa yemamongi dzidzo

Miracles yemamongi vakabatsirawo zvikuru kuti kukura dzidzo weRussia. Vaviri ake Archimandrite Adrian uye Joakim, vakasarudzwa madzitateguru. Hierodeacon Timothy akava mutariri mhemberero zvose chechi kuitika muMoscow. Izvi zvakaitika panguva yokutonga Peter I. Apo muna 1737 ari Diocese rakadzorerwa muna Miracle Temple wakamutsiridzwa mabasa ayo Sachigaro Moscow hierarchs.

Pano yaaishandira Epiphany Slavinetsky - rinobva Kiev Academy. Muna 1658 iye hwakatamisirwa Patriarch "bhuku dohturskuyu." Ndinofanira kutaura kuti mumazuva iwayo, mabhuku ezvokurapa kwave kushoma chaizvo, sezvo, zvirokwazvo, uye mushonga pacharo, waimira chete-soro Vanhu. Nokuti basa rake vakagamuchira yakawanda Epiphany panguva award - 10 rubles. Uyezve, zvakashanda kwenguva yakati, uye Arseny Greek.

Education kumonasitiri

Pachivanhu muna Chudov wemamongi nokudzidziswa uye kudzivirirwa zvakaipa simba rokunyika vanhu vakapa vari boyars 'vana. Ivo vakagara wemamongi kusvikira gumi, uye ipapo vakadzokera mudanga. Maererano vomuzuva, mumazuva iwayo yokugara zvakawanda sezvinoita chikoro nokuti vakakwirira pane yemamongi.

Pano ini akararama nguva refu Carion Istomin - Kujekerwa kubva Ukraine. Muna 1662 iye akasika ABC, vakazochinja akapa Mambokadzi Natale Kirillovne kuverenga wake nomuzukuru - Prince Alexei.

Ichatonga zvine mbiri patemberi

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti Parainge Miracles wemamongi asvika pakutanga XVII remakore. Zvadaro rainzi Great Lavra. Panguva ino, achitsigirwa Patriarch Filaret pano zvakatanga kutora vadzidzi ayo ari Greek-Latin Academy wokutanga. Mune sacristy pakati wemamongi akaramba chinokosha mipiro pamusoro tsars Russian, boyars namachinda makuru. Paiva raibhurari huru ine inokosha mimwe mabhuku ekare. Rakanga mumwe rinonyatsooneka depositories Russian.

Wemamongi aiva netemberi mana. Pakutanga yacho XVI remakore (1501 g) pamusoro nzvimbo chekare, asi namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara nenguva temberi yakavakwa pamusoro Cathedral Arhangela Mihaila. Alekseevskaya ibwe chechi akazviratidza pakuguma XV remakore. Wakapisa kakati, ipapo vakavakazve kanoverengeka. Asi pasinei ichi, ipapo kwemazana emakore akabhabhatidzwa wamambo vana. Paiva vana Ivan anotyisa, Alexis akabhabhatidzwa - yemberi mambo, Peter I, uye Kesari Alexander II. Vashongedze madziro kereke akapamba zvombo kweuto Russian akabatwa hondo hondo 1816 Russian-Persian.

Church of Annunciation Church vari Alexis. It yakavakwa 1501 uye vakavakazve muna 1826. Muchechi iyi airemekedzwa nevanhu zviuru vomuchechi Nikolaya Chudotvortsa kuvake.

Asi chechi kupfuura duku kadikidiki yakavakwa kuremekedza St. Andrew Primordial.

Mutemberi kweSoviet

Muna 1917 chechi zvakaipisisa sousingabatsiri. The Hurumende yeSoviet Republic akatama kubva Petrograd kusvika Kremlin. Kwechinguva mamongi vakaramba kurarama wemamongi, asi munharaunda iyi achiita zviremera zvitsva.

Muna 1919 chechi yakavharwa. Pakutanga, ipapo vakaiswa pamwe "Communist" uye akaita kari-kuverenga nzvimbo. Akanga Papera hwakatamisirwa Lechsanupra, rakanga basa utano nhengo Soviet Government nemamwe makurukota. Muna 1929, Zvishamiso uye Ascension wemamonk vaparadzwa. Zvakatora nzvimbo yokuvaka zvivako chikoro vatungamiriri Red Army pakati. Basa rokuvaka yakataurwa akitekiti Rerberg.

The Cathedral archangel vakatambura zvisaririra St. Alexis. Muna 1947, akumbirwa Alexis I, ivo zvaiendeswa Bloch kuti Cathedral, apo nhema nhasi. Icon chinokosha akanga atamira Kremlin Armory uye Tretyakov Gallery.

Church uye Kremlin makereke rakaparadzwa XX remakore

Zvinosuruvarisa, ari XX remakore ari Kremlin yakaparadzwa machechi 17 kuti nevamwe munhoroondo sezvivako. Ancient map of Kremlin muMoscow uye Infographics kubvumira kuona kuti munzvimbo iyi, kunze Ascension uye Miracle wemamonk, Chechi Constantine pamusoro mupendero, Church of Annunciation, Church of chitarisiko, zvinoshamisa shongwe Alexander II uye nevamwe.

Miracles adzorere wemamongi ... Zvinoita?

Munguva ichangopfuura, akaudzwa kuti President Russian V. V. Putin akarayira kudzorerwa Voznesensky uye Chudov dzemamongi.

basa Construction uchatanga mushure pre-kupikidura. Nhasi vorudzii Ivanovo (yaimbonzi Imperial) nharaunda sokuti zvikuru dzinodanana. Zvinoita sokuti incredible kuti kamwe iye akatarira zvakasiyana. mapikicha ari XIX remakore uye Kremlin muMoscow pamepu chete kupa pfungwa sei zvose zvakanga youmbozha uye chikuru. At nzvimbo yaimbova wemamongi zvino ane unremarkable pakuvaka rechi14 ebetsero building, iro anewo zvakawanda makore kugadzira.

Map of Kremlin muMoscow, kana isu kumanikidza dhayagiramu pakati vakaparadza dzemamongi pairi (Chudov uye Ascension), rinonyatsoratidza sei nzvimbo inogarwa wakaparadzwa temberi. Kuwedzera ndima ikozvino mudzimba rechi14 Corps, vakagara kupfuura hafu yacho Ivanovo (anenge kune chevaux Cannon).

pamwero mukuru chirongwa

Nyanzvi uye kare kunofuridzirwa tarisiro basa ramangwana. Mari yacho Tretyakov Gallery akapona nomwe chete Pamifananidzo of Chudov wemamongi, vashoma vari dzimwe mamiziyamu. Kusiyiwa, uye hwakadzama vanodhirowa zvezvivako izvi. Folders pamwe nemamwe, nenzira inoshamisa akachengetedzwa roughing vanodhirowa chirikadzi mumwe musayendisiti akapa Museum of Architecture. Murume wake vakaedza kupfuura hwakadzama gadzira uyere dzemamongi mashoko. Maererano mudonzvo Museum Architecture, kuti vanodhirowa izvi uye drafts zvinogoneka kudzorera kana kwete Ensemble yose wemamongi, chikuru kuvaka nokuti chokwadi.

The Kremlin nhasi akadzorera dzimba yekare pakati Kremlin Palace, anosikwa ari kunozivikanwa Red Porch. Asi kudzoka zvikuru Nokurasikirwa ari XX remakore ichangopfuura masayendisiti uye vanyori vakanga vasingagoni kunyange nezvezvandisina.

Yokugadzira, kupikidura, kuvakwa anogona kutora emakore anoverengeka. Asi ichi hachisi pfungwa. Zvakakosha kuti pakupedzisira pechiso Kremlin ichadzorerwa.