"Mistral" - a ... "Mistral" - unhu. "Mistral" kuna reRussia Navy

Muna June 2011, panguva St. Petersburg Economic Forum, paiva chinhu zvachose nemamwe mune zvimwe zvinonakidza zviitiko. Kokutanga kubva Second World War, vamiririri Russia akasaina nezvavatorwa yemakambani pamwero nechibvumirano nerubatsiro uto michina. It chakazivikanwa kuti zvinodiwa Navy akatenga ngarava huru, herikoputa vatakuri "Mistral". Chiitiko ichi chakanga kutekenyedzwa, achiri mumba shipbuilding emakambani kamwe kudzorwa ne mirairo pachavo, pasina dzimwe rubatsiro, uye vakadzidza sei kuita zvinhu kubvira izvo nguva nenguva "shamwari" dzedu wokumavirira akatanga ide bvudzi romusoro wako, zvakadai zvinoita zvokukandwa Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Papi chokupiwa zvikepe ichi mhando?

Sei kuumba "Mistral"

Mistral - mhepo Mediterranean, runako chando, kubvira nguva nenguva akaridza inodziya mhepo unoparadza uye vasine munyoro okunze rwezasi yokumadokero France. Hazvigoni kuenzaniswa kuboora nyorova chilli Arctic mhepo Rwako, izvo kare wajaira vagari Murmansk uye Severodvinsk, asi kusimba Gallic nemhino agozviratidza akatasva kusanzwa. Sekuda okunze, akasiyana dzidziso uto France uye Russian Federation. Helicopter mhando "Mistral" ndizvo chaizvoizvo ngarava hombe, inenge isina kuzvidzora hurongwa antisubmarine, antiship uye antiaircraft kudzivirira, kureva kukwanisa kuita chete ari dzechikwata, takapoteredzwa perekedza.

Ukuwo, zvinoratidza fashoni ichangopfuura emakore shipbuilding pfungwa, maererano izvo landings Vakasimwa pamusoro yokumwe pamhenderekedzo se "kure". Izvi zvinoitika sezvinotevera: hombe chikepe kuuya hurumende utsinye vari kufamba chinhambwe gumi kana makumi maviri emakiromita, anotanga anotakura michina chaiwo-chikepe chikepe, uye panguva ino kuvhunduka uye yokufambisa helicopters navarwi zvikuru vakadzidziswa achibhururuka mberi, vakabata murume bridgehead uye kupa kwete nemishonga munguva yose muitiro. Kumhara raanoziva pamahombekombe haisi kunyange kuonekwa, uye transports diki uya tisingatarisiri, kana, Chokwadi, muchidimbu, incursions, hapana nzira jengachenga vasabatwa. Ndizvo pamusoro muchiitiko, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuti mhando "Mistral". Ngarava iyi emadhaka yakawandisa, zviri pedyo nemhenderekedzo hahwaikwanisa. Anotsigira mberi mauto, iye, zvakare, akanga asingakwanisi kuita izvozvo, haana pfuti zvakakwana kana zvombo.

Zvakakurukurwa muchikepe

A guru ndege uriri pakarepo pachena kuti munhu anotora timboona "Mistral". Zvinoumba chikepe ichi mukuru chaizvo. It ane kureba 200 metres uye misha 22 zviuru. T., Zvisinei, anokwanisa kutamira nomugungwa ari kumhanya nokusunungura mapfundo 18 chete. The vashandi, kusanganisira vezvikepe, vanenge 170 chikwata nhengo. Kupfuura zvose, kusiyana mutakuri ndege chikepe, kureva, uriri uye pasi-uriri hanga, ane zvimwe zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mupanda nokuda chokufambisa kuti matangi mana ano. "Mistral" - ane mutakuri ndege, asi pakutanga zviri Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika kurwisa chikepe.

Asi Matangi zvishoma kuti kumahombekombe imwe nyika utsinye vanofanira vachiri kurwira kuti munyika uye tutunura pamhenderekedzo. Kuti izvi zvidaro, inopa kuti zvigadzirwa. Izvi redu guru kumhara ngarava (BDK) kungoita kuzorora kuzorwa mhino mugove pamhenderekedzo, svinudzai murwere, uye "Acho nokuda Motherland!". Army NATO nyika kuita zvakasiyana, zvikuru dodgy. Asi gare gare ichi.

Bapiro kwapera, zvichienderana mabasa kuti kugadziriswa muhondo patrol. Helicopters nechepamusoro uye hanga anobvumawo 16 kusvika 32, zvichienderana reshiyo ASW, ngoma uye yokufambisa aircrafts siyana geometric miganhu.

Zvinokoshawo uwandu manpower, izvo zvinotora mungarava - 450 Zvikepe. rechiuto iri.

Possible uye kukurumidza mhararano inonzi ngarava kuva zvinoyangarara muchipatara. Zvingava zvakakodzera kuti nekugadzirisa zvokuyamura mabasa kana urongwa kurapwa kuti varwi akuvadzwa mukurwa.

Uye "Mistral" - ngarava rakagadzirirwa refu hikes. Its zvionera Range - zviuru 20 makiromita. Ichi hafu neequator. Kana uchida kudzorera hurongwa vanopandukira dzaidzorwa, izvozvo - zvaunoda. Asi mubvunzo sei Russia "Mistral", hausati kuputsa musoro wake. Mhiri kwemakungwa, nyika yedu haadaro. Aburuka mauto zvapo Australia kana Argentina munoratidzika kuva musina zano, uye kunyange kana paiva chido chakadaro, zvikepe aizofanira kutenga mbiri, kana kunyange zvina ... Mukuwedzera, kumhara muitiro pachayo yepakutanga chaizvo.

Sei achiwana mu French

French "Mistral" kunokosha rutivi rwake, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, makumi maviri nautical zvemakiromita kubva inopisa pamhenderekedzo apo haina kubvisa chii chinogona kuitika, uye pave kubva ayo muchizvaro inokosha chikepe, iro inomira dzokurwa. Nokuti nzira iyi, ine vamwe dhoku, izvo zvinozoita wobereka akati motokari, akatakura pamusoro dzehondo dzavo uye motokari warrior, ipapo chokusatongofashamidzazve nyika kusvikira pachiyero yakapoteredza gungwa, uye chete pashure kuti kusiya ngarava mai vavo. kumhara kwacho kuri papi uye kwenguva refu, maawa akawanda. In yedu staffing mana dhazeni mota - a Akazadzisa tangi rechiuto, chine mapoka matatu uye mukuru wacho Unit, kuti ndizvo vakasvimha. Tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti kana munhu utsinye kwatiri nokuti akaedza kunyika kwese pedyo Anapa, zvakaoma romumhenderekedzo yegungwa chinodzivirira "nhare" kumisa pairi zvakasimba ...

Helicopters

The French vane rotorcraft yavo. Vari pasi chinangwa vari rakakamurwa makirasi, vaviri dzinoshandiswa munhu achipfeka. Multi-NH-drums 90 uye "Tigers" vari ndezvomuzana vakaenzana mugove bapiro, pasi hukuru dzavo nokuenzanisa vachisimudza mudziyo kuti kutamira zvokushandisa kuti kutiza uriri uye shure kunhare, apo ivo Ndaindogara pamusoro madutu, gungwa mvura pfapfaidzo uye vaedzwa chokudzivirira yokuzvigadzirisa. Just anosimudza maviri ane Nokusimudzwa inokwana 13 matani, mumwe ari shure, mumwe parutivi wheelhouse.

The chikuru uriri helicopters tiri Anti-Ka-27m uye Ka-226, asi nokuda kwevashandi pamusoro pevhu uye gungwa nhovo chinodiwa uye "mupurwa" Ka-52. Kukura michina izvi waisiyana French dzomuzana, uyezve, hombe nzira. "Mistral" akavaka nokuda Russian Navy, pamwe zvakakodzera zvinhu.

mashoko chesungano

The French chaizvo mhindu. The Russian divi vakasimbirira pakuvaka matatu mana akaronga neherikoputa ari oga shipyards ayo uchishandisa imupota mapepa. Vakabvumirana hafu. Uyewo, aft chikamu yaigadzirwa panguva kuBaltic Shipyard shipbuilding maindasitiri, uko kwakaderedza mutengo chirongwa. Zvikuru kucherechedzwa yakakwirira unhu mudzimba Vavaki vengarava uye kwakakwana pokusvika zvose nodes panguva ungano yokupedzisira muSt Nazaire.

pamusoro ezvinhu zvakanga pakarepo vakabvumirana kuti kurutivi French Uchamisa pamusoro "Mistral" kuRussia of yepamusorosoro nemasaisai zvokushandisa, uye pasi maoko kugadzirira nokuwedzera chikuva uye kugadzira waya kukurukurirana. All chombo uye atirari enyika, vokuRussia achaisa iwe pachako.

Chinokosha kusaina chesungano aigona kuva mukana mukudzidzire ichangobva ruzivo pamusoro shipbuilding, kana, Chokwadi, yeFrench vane zvakawanda zvokudzidza. Ivo kunyanya chokuita neungano nzira kwezvivako makuru, kunyange kuBaltic Plant uye United Shipbuilding Corporation pakarepo akapiwa kuti mabhomba dzinopwanya aizi, havasi zvishoma zvakaoma kupfuura "Mistral". Mari warships maviri bhiriyoni 1.2-1.5 euros, pamwe mabhiriyoni 2,5 rubles basa kuti aifanira kuita Vavaki vengarava Russian.

Zvombo hurongwa uye yambiro

Huru Radar akatasva pamusoro "Mistral" kuRussia, ndiko kuva kwavo "maziso" - a French "Thales". Design zviri mumuviri wakaita zvakaoma kuisa epamba dzomuzana.

The yepakutanga paucity ose kuzvidzivirira gadziriro zvakakonzera zvimwe zvinodiwa Naval Command pamusoro yokusimbisa ngarava mashanu SAM "kusanduka", yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa "yeGondo" uye peya-barreled matanhatu nokukurumidza-moto atirari zviumbu AK-630 30 mm caliber kuparadza pasi-uchibhururuka mukuru-nokukurumidza kunangwa. Antiship kudzivirirwa Inoshandiswawo zvivako zviri supersonic rwendo zvombo anogona "basa" uye pamahombekombe kunangwa. ASW inosanganisira zvose zvinobvira Hardware Akash mirayiridzo.

Details retrofitting haina nevakawanda pachena, asi tinoziva kuti zvose Russian "Mistral" - utariri wechikepe, pane chete neherikoputa uye Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika motokari, saka saturation mashoko michina iri-bhodhi yekombiyuta kuri chakakomba zvikuru.

BALANCInG

Helicopter mhando "Mistral" - ngarava hombe, hombe-vanokwanisa uye vachida BALANCInG, kuona kutsiga ayo pasi ezvinhu ose nemadutu. chikepe nhatu mubasa rechiFrench Navy, akashongedzerwa ane otomatiki hurongwa Norwegian kugadzirwa «L3Marin», riri basa pachiyero. Chinangwa kuritsiva akavaka vazhe Russian balancer French, akaedzwa pamusoro zvikuru chiedza corvettes uye frigates, akagarisa paanopikiswa pakati mutengi. Kunze, "Rosoboronexport" rine zvakananga kufarira ino, rekukwazisa chibvumirano inodhura kwazvo. Russian neherikoputa nemasaisai kuchengeteka kunokosha zvakare kwaari kuponesa.

Zvinetso uye negadziriso

Kuva nezvinetso Manning chikepe chomuruki nemotokari. French kaviri hulled catamarans zvikepe kubva pakutanga kunge vakaramba, uye mudzimba mukuru-nokukurumidza chokufambisa pamusoro ane mhepo pamutsago iri nhumbi munhare haisi akaiswa. Takabvumirana kuti nzira yakanakisisa kuti vachiri kutenga mumhuri tangi-kumhara raanoziva "Dugong" uye "Chamois" ane kureba 45 uye 26 mamita azvaitwa.

Kwakasimudzirwa uye ice neboka Hull, sezvo Muvaki vakagamuchira hurongwa pachishandiswa zvingangoitika nzvimbo nekutumirwa kwemauto zvikepe matsva. Kusiyana zvavo French dzomuzana, nzvimbo yavo basa haagarimo dzinopisa mvura, uye chengarava Somuenzaniso, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky ndiye chena chando chaizvo. Sezvineiwo, Russian murayiro Naval panguva nemasaini chesungano haana chokwadi pamusoro apo kuva neherikoputa yakavakirwa. It akasarudza gare gare.

Ruzivo uchishandisa neherikoputa

Soviet Navy akanga atova mubasa guru ndege-akatakura antisubmarine ngarawa - "Leningrad" uye "Moscow". Helicopter Bapiro warships vaida kuziva zvaigona muvengi Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Mushure obsolescence uye hwokugadzira yabvaruka, vakanga vatora kubva Navy mudonzvo, dzichiritsiva kwavari hakuna kurongwa, nekuti vakawanda vakanga vasiri nani zvikuru kupfuura BOD zvishoma misha uye, naizvozvo, isingadhuri zvikuru zvose mukurima uye kushandiswa. Vakabatsira obsolescence uye shoma kukwanisa nadzurudzo, iyo kwakaratidzwa chisingabviri yokutendeutsa hangars kuti helicopters ano. Kazhinji, ruzivo dzakawanda chinoratidza kuti vatakuri ndege hadzisi kuedza kuchengetedza, vanofanira kuvaka kuchengeterwa, zvingangoita retrofitting mubishi kuvandudza kudzorwa mugadziriro, zvombo, kutaura, kufamba uye kuonekwa. Muchiitiko chino, ngarava zvinodhura anogona kushumira emakore. Kusvikira rudzi akaendesa neherikoputa "Mistral" rinoenderana chokuratidza ichi, mubvunzo mukuru.

"Admiral Kuznetsov" iri kugadzirwa kwayo hakuna kufanana ne "Mistral". Ngarava iyi anotakura anoita mabasa akasiyana chaizvo, masimba nokuti kumhara uye haangavi kuva akasiyana zvachose dzokutyaira unhu.

International kuita

Zvikepe haasati apera, sezvo akatotanga zvaziviswa kuti huru Far Eastern Military chiteshi anova nzvimbo Achivakira idzva Russian akaendesa neherikoputa "Vladivostok", hwakagadzirwa "Mistral". nhau iyi zvakakonzera nehanya pabasa Hurumende Japan, uglyadevshego kusimbisa Kuronga Pacific Fleet vamwe nevavariro hasha. Chokwadi, nedzenyu anofambisa muvakidzani wedu okumabvazuva vari zvikuru zvematongerwo unokurudzirwa uye zvinopinda zvinonakisa kutaura reshiyo kuti "mundima hwokuchamhembe", mubvunzo iyo wakamutswa kubva nguva nenguva, pamusoro avaida anotevera musarudzo. Kufunga kuti Russian wengarava inifanduri achava maawa mashomanana kunyika imwe tangi rechiuto kumwe pachitsuwa Hokkaido, havasi kunyange akashinga zvikuru nyika Japanese senhema. Mufananidzo "Mistral" anotarira chaizvo, asi kunyange pashure zvokushandisa chikepe rwendo zvombo ari chombo ngarawa, haazofuratidzi, hozhwe kwazvo, uye vose zvavo, kwete kuitira, akavaka akanotengesa. Uye nokuda chii?

Serdyukov uto nyanzvi

Hazvina kuchenjera kubvunza pamusoro zvisiri, uye nei, uye nei. Vaimbove Defense Minister kwavatumwa Serdyukov mu inokosha panyaya, pachena, aiziva zvishomanana. Mupfumi kupfuura akanga chipo zvepanyama artistry (Zvechokwadi, rune makings ane zvikuru yakanaka firimu Director). Zvichida akarota kamwe, sezvo vachaona dzinofamba mumakungwa uye kutyisidzira huru chokufambisa uye kumhara raanoziva pasi flag St. Andrew. Uye kunze unyanzvi munorumbidzirweiko, Va Serdiukov sokuti ane zvimwe vezvokutengeserana rokuona. Asi ichi ndicho chete yokufungidzira.

Ziva fallacy kuti taita chimwe "Mistral" hurumende yeRussia, zvinokwanisika, kungova nomunhu dzamira. Zvikepe zviviri ( "Sevastopol" uye "Vladivostok") kare, rinogona vaifungidzira murayiro Navy vakabvuma, uye vachifarira Kusabatsira yavo ndechokuti pakuvaka mumwe peya Russian divi dzinenge akaramba, kunyange zvakananga pamusoro ichi chave akaratidza kudaro kure. Simply akasarudza kumirira.

Okay, chokwadi, hapana chakaitika. Vertoletonesuschie ngarava Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika dhoku mhando haisi zvachose kunoenderana muchiuto dzidziso Russian, asi kubvira nguva nenguva pane matambudziko dzakawanda, izvo Hunoita kwandiri kare dzakabudirira mharidzo. About yakadaro dare anogona kutaura kuti vari "pasi vakachengeteka divi kana."

On warships mari hwapera, hazvina kuitwa nenzira yakanakisisa, asi unogona kushandisa neherikoputa iri anochengetedza runyararo kushandiswa, iyo, sezvo nezvakaitika ichangopfuura mwedzi, zvingangoita zvikuru.